25 Chuyên đề ngữ pháp và 1500 Từ vựng cơ bản

Day 4
Grammar: Thì động từ - Verb tense (Thì hiện tại hoàn
thành tiếp diễn - The present perfect continuous tense
)
Vocabulary: 30 từ

I. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn - The present perfect continuous tense
1. Cách dùng

a. Hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ và còn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại (nhấn mạnh tính liên tục)

Ví dụ:

My sitter has been working here since 2010.

(Chị gái tôi đã làm việc ở đây từ năm 2010.)

b. Hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ, nhưng chúng ta quan tâm tới kết quả tới hiện tại

Ví dụ:

I am very tired now because I have been working hard for 12 hours.

(Bây giờ tôi rất mệt vì tôi đã làm việc vất vả trong 12 tiếng đồng hồ.

2. Công thức

+ Câu khẳng định (+): S + have/has + been +Ving

+ Câu phủ định (-): S + have/has + not + been +Ving

+ Câu nghi vấn (?): Have/Has + S + been +Ving

3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn

- Since + mốc thời gian

Ví dụ:

She has been working since the early morning.

(Cô ấy làm việc từ sáng sớm.)

- For + khoảng thời gian

Ví dụ:

They have been listening to the radio for 3 hours.

(Họ nghe đài được 3 tiếng đồng hồ rồi.)

- All + thời gian (all the morning, all the afternoon, all day,...)

Ví dụ:

They have been working in the field all the morning.

(Họ làm việc ngoài đồng cả buổi sáng.)

4. Bài tập áp dụng

Chia dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp

diễn.

1. I ________ (try) to learn English for years, but I ________ (not succeed) yet.

2. Mary is ill because she ________ (work) in the garden all day.

3. She ________ (work) so hard this week that she ________ (not have) time to go to the movies.

4. That book ________ (lie) on the table for weeks. You ________ (read) it yet?

5. He ________ (not be) here since Christmas. I wonder where he ________ (live) since then.

6. Jack ________ (go) to Paris for a holiday. He never ________ (be) there.

7. You ________ (sleep) so far? I ________ (ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes.

8. He ________ (write) a novel for two years, but he ________ (not finish) it yet.

9. Mary ________ (lose) her hat and she ________ (look) for it until now.

10. She (sleep) ________ for 10 hours! You must wake her.

Đáp án

1. I ________ (try) to learn English for years, but I ________ (not succeed) yet.

 Đáp án: have been try, have not succeeded

2. Mary is ill because she ________ (work) in the garden all day.

 Đáp án: has been working

3. She ________ (work) so hard this week that she ________ (not have) time to go to the movies.

 Đáp án: have been working; doesn’t have

4. That book ________ (lie) on the table for weeks. You ________ (read) it yet?

 Đáp án: have been lying; Have you read

5. He ________ (not be) here since Christmas. I wonder where he ________ (live) since then.
 Đáp án: has not been; has been living

6. Jack ________ (go) to Paris for a holiday. He never ________ (be) there.

 Đáp án: has gone; has never been

7. You ________ (sleep) so far? I ________ (ring) the bell for the last twenty minutes.

 Đáp án: Have you been sleeping; have been ringing

8. He ________ (write) a novel for two years, but he ________ (not finish) it yet.

 Đáp án: has been writing; has not finished

9. Mary ________ (lose) her hat and she ________ (look) for it until now.

 Đáp án: has lost; has been looking

10. She (sleep) ________ for 10 hours! You must wake her up.

 Đáp án: has been sleeping

II. Vocabulary

Number Words Pronunciation English definition Examples V

1 Coincide (v) /ˌkoʊ.ɪnˈsaɪd/ to happen at or near the same time I timed my holiday to T
coincide with the
children's.
2 Commit (v) /kəˈmɪt/ to do something illegal or He was sent to prison Là
something that is considered wrong for a crime that he trá
didn't commit.
3 Conform (v) /kənˈfɔːrm/ to behave according to the usual At our school, you were
standards of behaviour that are required to conform,
expected by a group or society and there was no place
for originality.
4 Confront (v) /kənˈfrʌnt/ to face, meet, or deal with a I thought I would stay Đ
difficult situation or person calm, but when I was v
confronted with/by the tì
TV camera, I got very
nervous.
5 Confuse (v) /kənˈfjuːz/ to mix up someone's mind or ideas, Stop confusing the issue
or to make something difficult to (= making the problem
understand unnecessarily difficult)!
6 Congratulate /kən to praise someone and say that you I was just C
(v) ˈɡrætʃ.ə.leɪt/ approve of or are pleased about a congratulating Ceri on
special or unusual achievement winning/on having won
her race.
7 Congress (n) /ˈkɑːŋ.ɡres/ a large formal meeting of the congress of the
representatives from countries or Australian Council of
 societies at which ideas are Trade Unions
discussed and information is
exchanged
8 Consequence /ˈkɑːn.sə.kwəns/ a result of a particular action or Scientists think it is
(n) situation, often one that is bad or unlikely that any
not convenient species will actually
become extinct as a
consequence of the oil
spill.
9 Consider (v) /kənˈsɪd.ɚ/ to spend time thinking about a She's being considered
possibility or making a decision for the job.
10 Deceive (v) /dɪˈsiːv/ to persuade someone that The sound of the door
something false is the truth, or to closing deceived me
keep the truth hidden from into thinking they had
someone for your own advantage gone out.
11 Dialogue (n) /ˈdaɪ.ə.lɑːɡ/ conversation that is written for a Act Two begins with a
book, play, or film short dialogue between
father and son.
12 Discrepancy /dɪˈskrep.ən.si/ a difference between two things There is some Sự
(n) that should be the same discrepancy between
the two accounts.
13 Envelop (v) /ɪnˈvel.əp/ to cover or surround something The graveyard looked
completely ghostly, enveloped in
mist.
14 Especially /ɪˈspeʃ.əl.i/ very much; more than usual or She's not especially
(adv) more than other people or things interested in sport.
15 Hyphen (n) /ˈhaɪ.fən/ the symbol -, used to join two There are hyphens in
words together, or to show that a "well-to-do".
word has been divided into two
parts at the end of one line and the
beginning of the next
16 Impress (v) /ɪmˈpres/ to cause someone to admire or I remember when I was Gâ
respect you a child being very
impressed with how
many toys she had.
17 Indicate (v) /ˈɪn.də.keɪt/ to show, point, or make clear in She indicated to me
another way (that) she didn't want
me to say anything.
18 Legend (n) /ˈledʒ.ənd/ a very old story or set of stories The dance was based H
from ancient times, or the stories, on several Hindu
not always true, that people tell legends.
about a famous event or person
19 Moment (n) /ˈmoʊ.mənt/ a very short period of time Can you wait a
moment?
20 Recall (v) /ˈriː.kɑːl/ to bring the memory of a past The old man recalled G
event into your mind, and often to the city as it had been
give a description of what you before the war.
remember
21 Recommend /ˌrek.əˈmend/ to suggest that someone or She has been G
(v) something would be good or recommended for
suitable for a particular job or promotion.
 purpose, or to suggest that a
particular action should be done
22 cross-refer (v) /ˌkrɑːs.rɪˈfɝː/ to tell a reader to look somewhere The main entry also
else in a book for more information cross-refers you to the
about something appendix on page 259.
23 Refuse (v) /rɪˈfjuːz/ to say that you will not do or accept He asked me to give
something him another loan, but I
refused.
24 Relevant (adj) /ˈrel.ə.vənt/ connected with what is happening Education should be
or being discussed relevant to the child's
needs.
25 Repel (v) /rɪˈpel/ to force someone or something to It is not true that eating
stop moving towards you or garlic repels
attacking you mosquitoes.
26 Represent (v) /ˌrep.rɪˈzent/ to speak, act, or be present They chose a famous
officially for another person or barrister to represent
people them in court.
27 Signature (n) /ˈsɪɡ.nə.tʃɚ/ your name written by yourself, I mistook your
always in the same way, usually to signature and thought
show that something has been the letter was from
written or agreed by you someone else.
28 Statement (n) /ˈsteɪt.mənt/ something that someone says or The government is
writes officially, or an action done expected to issue a
to express an opinion statement about the
investigation to the
press.
29 Strain (n) /streɪn/ a force or influence that stretches, The hurricane put such C
pulls, or puts pressure on a strain on the bridge
something, sometimes causing that it collapsed.
damage
30 Sympathy (n) /ˈsɪm.pə.θi/ (an expression of) understanding I don't have much T
and care for someone else's sympathy for her - I
suffering think she's brought her
troubles on herself.