1 AS 1012.13:2015 Australian Standard® Methods of testing concrete Method 13: Determination of the drying shrinkage of concrete for samples prepared in the field or in the laboratory sbozserztor sv METHOD i 1 Scope, This Standard sets out a method for curing concrete shrinkage specimens in the laboratory, and for determining the length changes of these specimens due to drying in air. It provides § for testing of specimens prepared in the laboratory or in the field in accordance with AS 1012.8.4, in which the nominal size of aggregate in the concrete, in accordance with 3 AS 2758.1, does not exceed 40 mm. 4 The precision statement in Clause 9 does .not apply to specimens which have had z non-standard initial curing (normally field-prepared specimens). In addition, this Standard $ requites that field-prepared specimens are marked, recorded and reported as such. NoTES: aX 1 This test method is not always suitable for very low slump concrete (ess than 20 mm), primarily due to the difficulties in obtaining adequate compaction. Provided adequate compaction is obtained, the method is applicable. 2 The method is specifically designed for measurement of drying shrinkage of concrete, but it is capable of adaptation for measurement of length changes of specimens subjected to a variety of environmental conditions 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS g The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS es 1012 Methods of testing concrete 1012.81 Method 8.1: Method for making and curing conerete—Compression and indirect tensile test specimens - 1012.84 Method 8.4: Making and curing concrete—Drying shrinkage specimens prepared in the field or in the laboratory 2758 Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes ® 2758.1 Part I: Concrete aggregates = STANDARDS © Standards Australia. Australis proh wo standards org au (©) The rate of air movement in the chamber shall be such that the rate of evaporation is 12.45 mL. per 24h, with a minimum value of 7 mL per 24h. The evaporation rates shall be determined by measuring the loss in weight of water in 400 mL low-form beakers of internal diameter 78 +5 mm, initially containing approximately 375 g of water at a temperature of 23 42°C, The weight of water in the beaker shall not fall below 325 g. Each beaker shall be placed midway between test specimens on the storage racks with the water level at approximately the same height as the top of the specimens. Systematic checks on the evaporation rates shall be carried out by varying the location of the beakers within the chamber at least monthly or where conditions have changed and the results duly recorded. NOTE: The rate of evaporation should be maintained as close to 12 mL per 24 h as possible (0 The requirements for temperature, humidity and evaporation rate apply to each storage position, Positions which do not comply shall not be used for storage of test specimens. (g) ‘The chamber shall be fitted with suitable racks for storing specimens, The racks shall provide free circulation of ait around specimens, except for necessary supports, and. shall be so situated with respect to the nearest wall or other obstruction that air circulation is not restricted in the intervening space. The horizontal supports shall consist of non-absorptive members having a total bearing width supporting the specimen of not more than 25 mm, All storage positions shall be kept occupied at all times, with dummy specimens if necessary. NOTE: It is recommended that dummy specimens be conerete prisms with the same dimensions as the test specimens. 5.2. Length comparator 5.2.1 General ‘The comparator for measuring length changes shall be capable of measuring the length of specimens over a range of 290 mm to 300 mm, with a precision of 0,001 mm. NOTES: 1 tis recommended that where a horizontal comparator is used, micro meters be of the digital read-out type. 2. Details of suitable horizontal comparator are provided in Appendix A, 5.2.2. Check of precision The precision of the length comparator and the performance of the operator shall be checked by recording the difference in length between the reference bar and a typical specimen 20 times, replacing each in the comparator for each reading. The standard deviation of these 20 length differences shall not exceed 0.002 mm. When a check of precision fails to meet this requirement, further checks shall be made with another specimen or with another operator, to ascertain whether the lack of precision is associated with the comparator or with the operator. 5.2.3. Reference bar A specific reference bar shall be used with each comparator and shall consist of a material characterized by an extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion (e.g. Invar), not less than 6 mm in diameter with an overall length of 295 +1.5 mm, Each end shall be reduced in diameter and the end 5 mm shall be approximately the same diameter and have the same end radius as the projecting end of the gauge stud being used in the specimen (see Clause 4.2 of AS 1012.8.4). Each end of the reference bar shall be polished, © Standards Australia(d) & oO (a) (hy 5 AS 1012.13:2018 NOTE: IE the specimen is incorrectly located, the bottom conerete surface may bear on the base anvil. If this occurs, the specimen should be removed from the comparator, so that all dust can be cleaned from the anvil before that specimen is measured. Immediately after wiping the surface dry, place each specimen in the comparator by first positioning the bottom gauge stud in the base anvil, Then raise the dial gauge anvil, make the specimen vertical and lower the dial gauge anvil into position on the top gauge stud. While ensuring that the gauge is correctly seated, rotate the specimen axially until the front face is parallel to the face of the dial gauge and facing the operator. Read the dial gauge and record the reading. NOTE: A light downward force applied to the dial gauge anvil or shaft together with rotation of the specimen can assist in correctly seating the dial gauge Remove the specimen and replace it in the comparator in the same orientation, Continue taking replicate measurements until at least five consecutive determinations have been made, all of which are within 0.001 mm of the average measurement, These readings shall be completed within 2 min of removing the specimen from the lime-saturated water, Record as the initial measurement the mean of these five determinations. Place the specimens on racks in the drying chamber so that there is a clearance of at least $0 mm on all sides, except for the necessary support, Using the reference bur, check the zero setting of the comparator after the measurement of every three specimens. Where the comparator is found to have varied by more than 0.002 mm, all readings taken since the previous reference bar check shall be repeated. 7.4 Subsequent measurements The procedure for taking the subsequent measurements using either form of comparator is as follows: @ (b) Take the length measurement for each specimen as set out in Step 7.3.1(c) or Step 7.3.2(d) as appropriate after total periods of air drying of 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days, as required and any other specifically requested drying periods. A single measurement for each specimen (i.¢, not an average of five or more) will normally be adequate. NOTE: With non-digital micrometers a second check-reading is recommended Check the zero setting of the comparator as set out in Step 7.3.1(f) or Step 7.3.2(h), as appropriate. 8 CALCULATION AND EXPRESSION OF RESULTS, Calculate as follows: NOTE: Calculations should be performed on the day of each measurement, (a) (b) «© @ wr standards org.au For cach period of drying time, subtract the length measurement, in millimetres, at that time from the mean initial length measurement, in millimetres. Divide the difference obtained from Item (a) by the original effective gauge length, which shall be taken as 250 mm. Express the result, drying shrinkage, in microstrain. For each drying period for the one sample of concrete, calculate the average drying shrinkage of only the individual results which are within +40 microstrain of the median value result, © Standards Australia1 AS ton2.13:2018 () Drying shrinkage for each specimen and the average for each set, at each required drying period, to the nearest 10 microstrain, (vi) Such other information contained in the records as may be requested. (vii) The number of this Australian Standard, i.e. AS 1012.13. ge or use on a network is prohibited ng@student uts edu.au} @ 2021-11-15 Printed / viewed by: [iawel wow standards org au Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global“University of Technology Library Further reproduction, distribution, stora3 HOLVYYENOD HIONST TYLNOZIYOH bY JUNI < E ca 9 3 1 50- tonsa4p BK INS! Y NAR JOWOUISNY “ALON g < ‘M3IA LNOWS 5 (9) masse 5 9 é wounsntpe 209 ——~ t 3 2010-4 901en 1. . 7 . 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