Ignition #8

HV Transformer

Chemical Aspect in Assessing the

Condition of Power Transformer

Harry Gumilang
21 Oktober 2020
 CURRICULUM VITAE
HARRY GUMILANG, S.T., M.T.
Manager of Live-line Maintenance & Maintenance Facility
PT PLN (PERSERO) UIT-JBT

• Worked for PLN since 2006

• Master Degree from ITB, Bandung (PLN – ITB Scholarship Program)
• Thesis Research at Kyushu Institute of Technology on Insulating Oil
• Presenter & Transformer Task Force member of JMCC (2008 – 2019)
• Presenter (2007 & 2019) and TF member (2020) of Forum Transmisi PLN
• Team of PLN’s Maintenance Guidebook of 0520
• Team of PLN’s Maintenance Guidebook review of 0093 & 0088
• Team of SPLN for sampling and transformer oil testing
• Team of development on early CBM Application (norm & knowledge rule)
• Publication:
• 20 Technical Paper of International Conference (2008 – 2019)
• 2 Journal Paper (joint study with ITB)

gumilang2009@gmail.com / harry.g@pln.co.id www.pln.co.id |

Outline

• Sistem isolasi trafo

• Kertas Isolasi
• Minyak Isolasi
• Failure Mode pada kertas dan minyak isolasi
• Treatment Pada Minyak Isolasi
• Pengujian DGA
• Interpretasi Pengujian DGA
• Tipikal Hasil Uji DGA di PLN

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Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Kertas Isolasi

Cigre brochure 323 SD Myers

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Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Minyak Isolasi

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 Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Minyak Isolasi

Low Temp
20° C
Solubility

Heat Transfer

-20° C

-20° C
Paraffin Naphthene Aromatic
Naphthenic Oil 30 55 15
Paraffinic Oil 65 10 25

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 Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Minyak Isolasi

Un-Inhibited VS Inhibited

IEC 60296 - 2020

Siapa yang menggunakan Inhibited?

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 Failure Mode Pada Sistem Isolasi Trafo
Functional
Component Mode1 Mode2 Mode3 Mode4 Symptom
Failure
High acid
High moisture
Hydrolysis Oil oxidation - Increasing 2Fal
Increasing CO &
Decreasing CO2
Insulation mechanical & Depolymeriza
Local hotspot -
paper Electrical tion
strength General Increasing C2H4
Overloading
heating Increasing CO &
Pyrolysis
CO2
Improper cooling Increasing 2Fal
system

Functional
Component Mode1 Mode2 Mode3 Mode4 Symptom
Failure

Open
breather type - -
High acid
High oxygen conservator
Insulation Oil Oil Oxidation Low IFT
content
Lack of Darker Color
inhibitor / - -
antioxidant

Cigre brochure 227

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Failure Mode Pada Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Oksidasi Minyak

Source : PLN RJKB, 2015

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Failure Mode Pada Sistem Isolasi Trafo : Hydrolysis

Correlation
Range Age
Coefficient
1 1–5 - 0.6745*
2 6 – 12 - 0.6227*
3 13 – 18 - 0.6478*
4 19 – 25 - 0.6851*
5 > 27 - 0.8624*
All ages - 0.6931*

Value Range Correlation Quality

0.01 – 0.3 Small
0.3 – 0.7 Moderate
0.7 – 0.9 Large
0.9 - 1 Very Large
Source : PLN P3B Jawa Bali, 2015

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Treatment Pada Minyak Isolasi

Key Factor Symptoms Corrective actions

High water content
Low breakdown voltage value
Physical Reconditioning
High particles content
Turbid (not clear)
High colour value
Low IFT
Reclaiming
High acidity value
Change the oil
High dissipation factor value
Chemical
Presence of sediments or sludge, or both
Restore original
Low inhibitor content, for inhibited oil additive
concentration
IEC 60422 - 2013

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 Risk Based Decision Analysis on Oil Treatment

60000

50000
Method Cost Operational Risk

40000
Oil Changing Oxidation in no time,
High
without pre-fully cleaning winding failure
USD

30000

Reclamation
Moderate Turn into inhibited oil
20000 (Re-activated)

10000 Reclamation
Low Turn into inhibited oil
(Dumping)
0
Oil changing Reclaimation (Re- Reclaimation Reclaimation
Activated) (Dumping1) (Dumping2)

Dumping1 = SD Myers, Dumping2 = Kato

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Dissolved Gas Analysis

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 Dissolved Gas Analysis

338 kJ/mole H* H2 – Hydrogen

Partial
discharge
CH4 – Methane
607 kJ/mole
Partial CH3*
discharge
C2H6 – Ethane

720 kJ/mole CH2*

Thermal in oil
C2H4 – Ethylene

960 kJ/mole CH*

Arcing C2H2 – Acetylene

IEC 60599 – 2015

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Failure Mode / Interpretasi DGA
Indicator Indicated Condition
H2 Corona, PD, Stray gassing
CH4, C2H6, C2H4 Heating oil or paper
C2H2 Arcing in oil or paper, t>1000° C
CO & CO2 Heating of cellulose or insulating liquid
CO>1000 ppm, and/or
Not fault in paper
CO2/CO<3
Mineral oil oxidation
No significant amount of hydrocarbon gases
CO>1000 ppm, and
CO2/CO<3 fault in paper
With significant amount of hydrocarbon gases
CO>10.000 ppm, and
CO2/CO>20 Slow paper degradation (<140° C)
furans>5000 ppb
C2H2/H2>3 Leaks or contamination from tap-changer compartment
O2/N2 ?
IEEE Std C57.104 - 2019
Acidity FURAN

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Tipikal Kandungan Gas & Tipikal Laju

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THANK YOU

Reff:

IEEE C57.104 – 2019

IEC 60296 – 2020
IEC 60599 – 2015
IEC 60422 – 2013
Cigre brochure 323
Cigre brochure 277
Cigre brochure 413
Cigre brochure 771
SD Myers, Transformer Maintenance Book

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