Physical Education: Quarter 1 - Module 4 Sports Officiating: Ethics and Guidelines

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Physical Education
Quarter 1 – Module 4
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Sports Officiating: Ethics and
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Guidelines
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Subject to further validation for IP compliance, this material is for first quarter use only. Circulation shall be limited to public schools within the jurisdiction of the Division of Cebu Province. LR-PIPCV
Physical Education – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Sports Officiating
First Edition, 2020
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their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
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Published by the Department of Education
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Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
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Development Team of the Module
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Writers: Susette B. Saplad

Content Editors: Nenita G. Jaralve Evelyn G. Patiño
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Language Editor: Fanny Y. Inumerables

Illustrator: Dave P. Baracao
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Layout Artist: Susette B. Saplad

QA Evaluator: Mildred A. Colarat
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Moderator: Milanie M. Panique

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Management Team:
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Asst. Schools Div. Superintendents: Leah B. Apao, EdD, CESE
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Cartesa M. Perico, EdD
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Physical Education
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Quarter 1 – Module 4
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Sports Officiating: Ethics and
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Guidelines
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Physical Education Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module on Sports Officiating!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
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This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
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learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
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In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
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Notes to the Teacher

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This contains helpful tips or strategies that

will help you in guiding the learners.
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As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
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manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Physical Education 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Sports Officiating!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
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What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills
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Know or competencies you are expected to
learn in the module.
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What I Know This part includes an activity that
aims to check what you already know
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about the lesson to take. If you get all
the answers correct (100%), you may
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decide to skip this module.
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This is a brief drill or review to help

What’s In
you link the current lesson with the
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previous one.
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What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways
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such as a story, a song, a poem, a

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problem opener, an activity or a

situation.
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This section provides a brief

What is It
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discussion of the lesson. This aims to

help you discover and understand
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new concepts and skills.

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This comprises activities for

What’s More independent practice to solidify your
understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
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What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
This section provides an activity

What I Can Do
which will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
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This is a task which aims to evaluate
Assessment
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your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.
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Additional
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In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge
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or skill of the lesson learned.
Answer Key S
This contains answers to all activities
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in the module.
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At the end of this module you will also find:

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References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
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The following are some reminders in using this module:

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1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
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the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

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2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
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included in the module.

3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
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4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
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6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
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If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the nature of Sports Officiating. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
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The module contains Lesson 2– Sports Officiating: Ethics and Guidelines (MELC-
officiates practice and competitive games PE9 GS -Ib-h-5, Week 5-6)
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After going through this module, you are expected to:
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1. demonstrate understanding on of officials’ code of conduct for ethical
standards;
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2. evaluate accordingly a referees’ corruption case;
3. modify code of conduct for ethical standards based on the chosen larong
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pinoy to be played at home.
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What I Know
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Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. It refers to responsibilities of professional behavior which are consistent and
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common moral language and honorable guidelines for ethical actions.

a. Code of Ethics
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b. Magna Carta
c. Constitution
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d. Common Law
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2. It is known as the Palarong Pambansa Act of 2013.

a. RA 17588
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b. RA 10588
c. RA 6847
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d. RA 6974
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3. It refers to the practice of dishonestly determining the outcome of a

match before it is played.
a. Extortion
b. Host bribery
c. Match-fixing
d. Nobbling
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4. It is the practice of asking money or other property by an official in exchange
of the favor given.
a. Nepotism
b. Ring- ins
c. Extortion
d. Host bribery
5. It is interfering with the ability of an athlete to compete at their peak
performance like arranging someone to sabotage the performance of
an athlete by devious means.
a. Nobbling
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b. Nepotism
c. Tanking
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d. Match- fixing
6. It refers to the practice of substituting an athlete for one of better
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ability like a substitution in a Paralympic game with a physically
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abled athlete.
a. Tanking
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b. Nepotism
c. Ring- ins
d. Host bribery
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7. Talk to the athletes properly if you notice illegal or dangerous activity during
warm- ups to avoid accident. Which section of the ethics and guidelines does
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this belong to?

a. Model appropriate health habits.
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b. Show respect for participants’ right and dignity

c. Act with integrity
d. Be a benefit and cause no harm.
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8. Be considerate in establishing the understanding of rules and procedures

especially to athletes with special needs. This belongs to what section in the
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ethics and guidelines of conduct of officiating officials?

a. Protect vulnerable persons
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b. Adhere to legal standards

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c. Exhibit professionalism
d. Act with fairness
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9. Being updated with the rules and regulations is a must in order that a
sports official is able to deliver a correct decision of the game. This belong to
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what section of the ethics and guidelines of conduct of officiating officials?

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a. Act with integrity

b. Act with fairness
c. Show respect for participants’ right and dignity
d. Be accurate and responsible
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10. When stressed out from a personal issue, ask help from your co- officials to
ensure a smooth flow of the sports event. This is referred to in what section
of ethics and guidelines of conduct?
a. Model appropriate health habits.
b. Adhere to legal standards
c. Protect vulnerable persons
d. Be a benefit and cause no harm.
Lesson
Sports Officiating: Ethics
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2 and Guidelines
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Republic Act No. 6847 also known as The Philippine Sports Commission Act
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and Republic Act No. 10588, the Palarong Pambansa Act of 2013 are two of the
Philippine laws that govern the demonstration of sports events in the country. The
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implementation of the sports events is facilitated and participated by the different
personalities that make the event successful or a failure. One of the most important
personality is the sports official, so it is important that the officials must possess S
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qualities, characteristics and values mentioned in the first lesson of this module.
He/ she must follow the sports official’s Code of Ethics as well which is used to
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demonstrate guidelines for ethical standards of conduct for all officials (Goldberger
2007).
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What’s In
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Directions: Go back to the Additional Activities part of the lesson 1 located in

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page 16. As the official of the game you created, what do you think are the things
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that you should do and follow during the implementation of the game in order that
chaos and problems will be avoided? Enumerate you answer.
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What’s New
A. Directions: Put √ on the blank if you agree with the statement or X if you
disagree.
Officials should…
_____1. Warn and strive to educate athletes in a polite manner if he/ she witnesses
athletes engaged in illegal or dangerous activity.
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_____2. Act to the advantage or clubs to which he/ she has a personal connection.
_____3. Use the occasion of an officiating error as an opportunity to publicly
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embarrass or chastise co- official.
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_____4. Arrive in good time for the competition and report immediately to the official
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in charge.
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_____5. Discriminate vulnerable persons either verbally or through their actions in
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B. Directions: Find the hidden words in the box through encircling and define each
in the space provided.
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M H O S T B R I B E R Y A G B
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V A U T S G N I L B B O N D C
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E X T O R T I O N J I I E E G
W X A C R M L G F K P H P G F
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Z A N B H N K H E L L M O N P
L D K C Q F J I A T D S T R Q
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M O I P P O I C D U O V I W X
R I N G I N S X C B P A S Z Y
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Q R G S T U V W I X I Y M Z A
N M L K J I H G F N N E D C B
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O P Q R S T U V W X G Y Z A B
S A L A R Y C A P A B U S E S
1. Extortion
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2. Host Bribery
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3. Nepotism
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4. Salary cap abuses
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5. Ring- ins
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6. Match- fixing
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7. Nobbling
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8. Tanking S
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9. Doping
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10. Scalping
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C. What do the statements in What’s In A and the hidden words in What’s In B
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signify?
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What is It
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Code of Conduct for Ethical Standards

According to Greenfield et al. (2010), code of ethics refers to responsibilities of
professional behavior which are consistent and common moral language and
honorable guidelines for ethical actions. Sports officials are the facilitator and the
implementer of the games thus they must adhere to the code of ethical standards
in order to avoid chaos and complaints. Having the qualities, characteristics and
values learned in the first lesson, one can easily follow the sports ethical standards.
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Referee bias is apposite in sports where partial decision- making can
determine competition outcomes which have strong impact on athlete’s careers and
supporter’s well-being (Dohmen et al. 2016). It is really true that an official can
make or break an athlete’s career so as the he/ she submits himself/ herself to
register as one of the sports officials in a certain sport event, he/ she is expected to
agree and uphold the values and follow guidelines. Cited in the 2014 Physical
Education Teacher’s Guide from the Department of Education which was extracted
from the article of Bill Koch’s BC Athletics Official Ethics and Guidelines for
Conduct in 2011 are the following:
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A. Be a benefit and cause no harm. The primary value of officiating is to provide
something useful or desirable to those with whom he/ she interacts in the
competition area, the athletes, coaches, spectators, volunteers and co- officials
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and do no harm.
Officials will…
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1. Conduct the event according to the rules with the welfare of the athlete in
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mind.
2. Strive to benefit each athlete in events he/she officiates. This includes helping
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very young athletes to understand relevant rules (e.g., correct starting stance
in sprints), helping with equipment (e.g., starting blocks, throwing implements)
and helping athletes at all ages achieve their best possible results.
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3. Warn and strive to educate athletes in a polite manner if he/she witnesses
athletes engaged in illegal or dangerous activity (e.g., unsafe throwing style or
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illegal starting position) during warm-ups for an event.

4. Extend the benefit of their experience to the less experienced officials and
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volunteers whenever the opportunity arises. This includes gently advising them
about rules or about ways to perform their duties more efficiently and
accurately.
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5. Without hindering their own duties or the welfare of athletes, help spectators
enjoy the event through suggestion of the best and safest observation areas,
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explain rules when asked, and otherwise act to enhance the entertainment
value of the event.
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Officials will not…

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1. Intentionally disadvantage an athlete because of previous bad experiences with

the athlete, his/her coach or parent.
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2. Disqualify an athlete from an event without serious consideration of

alternatives (e.g., warnings).
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3. Needlessly distract, or otherwise interfere with athletes during their

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competition.
4. Unduly restrict the activities of coaches or spectators unless such activities
constitute a rules violation or would harm the welfare of athletes.
B. Be accurate and responsible. This means that officials should work hard for
accuracy and consistency in their call, as well as dependable and trustworthy
which refers to accepting the responsibility for the errors that he/ she may
commit which will affect the competitions and work to increase other’s trust.
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Officials will…
1. Arrive in good time for the competition and report immediately to the official in
charge.
2. Be fully prepared to do the job assigned to them.
3. Be ready at appropriate start times for individual events they are to officiate.
4. Draw all the necessary equipment for the running of the event and ensure that
it is returned upon completion of the competition.
5. Maintain up to date knowledge of measurement (e.g., timing systems) devices
and procedures necessary in their specialty.
6. Correct their errors (e.g., measurement errors, mistaken calls) promptly and
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consult appropriately with other officials or supervising officials in the event of
errors.
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7. Educate themselves on a regular basis about rule changes that may affect their
specialty (e.g., false start rules).
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1. Purposely evade responsibility for officiating errors.
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2. Alter competition records to reflect inaccurate results.
3. Negligently destroy or lose competition equipment.
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4. Needlessly delay competitions.
C. Be supportive of others and loyal to your sport organizations. Officials S
should show act with loyalty and politeness towards his/ her organization to
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which he/ she belongs to or is representing in the context of the competition.
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Officials will…
Speak to and about athletes, other officials, volunteers, coaches and
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representatives of sport organizations with customary politeness.
Officials will not……

Publicly disparage athletic organizations (e.g., clubs, schools, BC Athletics,
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Athletics Canada) or other participants.

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D. Act with integrity. It refers to firm adherence to an ethical code as well as the
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absence of impairment or disability. This suggests that officials will (a) not allow
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their judgment to be adversely influenced by personal loyalties or personal gain,

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(b)adhere whenever possible to the specifics of this ethical code, and (c) avoid
officiating when their mental or physical competence may be impaired (e.g.,
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through physical illness, emotional distress, or some other personal limitation).

Officials will…
1. Recognize when he/she has a conflict of interest in an event he/she is
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officiating and will take reasonable steps to eliminate such conflicts (e.g., have
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a different official start a race in which his/her own family member or athlete
is performing).
2. Will recognize when his/her personal weaknesses (e.g., personal or family
stress, proneness to irritability) may interfere with officiating and will take
steps to prevent such interference.
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1. Act to the advantage of athletes or clubs to which he/she has a personal
connection.
2. Purposefully act against any of the values listed in this code of conduct.
3. Knowingly officiate in an event when he/she is intoxicated on any substance.
E. Act with fairness. It refers to performing one’s duty without biases. This
suggests that the official will act in a manner that is not advantageous or
disadvantageous to any athlete or club.
Officials will…
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1. Perform evaluations for other officials, when requested, in an objective way and
without friendships or personal differences in mind.
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2. Provide the same quality of advice or benefit of the doubt when dealing with
athletes, independent of any friendships or other personal relationships.
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3. Bear in mind their own possible biases when a potential conflict of interest
presents itself (e.g., one’s own athlete is competing in an event one is
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officiating).
4. When feasible, turn over their duties to another similarly qualified official when
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a conflict of interest presents itself and the stakes appear high.
Officials will not… S
Knowingly, and with available alternatives, make critical decisions in an event in
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which they have a personal stake (e.g., an athlete for whom the official is a coach
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or family member). This recognizes that at times there will be no other

alternative – i.e., only one chief judge or starter available for an event in which
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one’s own athlete is competing.
F. Show respect for participant’s rights and dignity. Officials have the duty to
respect individual athletes or other parties at competitions, independent of
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cultural, ethnic, gender, age or other characteristics of the individual that may
set the other person apart from the officials own background and sense of
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familiarity.
Officials will….
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1. Respect the dignity of athletes, other officials and volunteers, coaches, and
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spectators.
2. Work in a spirit of cooperation with other officials and not interfere in any way
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with their responsibilities.

3. Criticize in a constructive manner, and at an appropriate time, directly to the
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official concerned.
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4. Understand that some athletes, officials, or volunteers, by reason of their

youth, possible disabilities, or inexperience may require enhanced instruction
or guidance, within the limits of the no assistance in the competition area
rule.
5. In such cases of youth, inexperience, or disability, provide instruction in a
polite and considerate manner.
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6. Treat athletes with equal respect and dignity independent of their ethnicity,
gender, age, religion, nationality, or other personal characteristics unrelated to
the athletic event.
7. Uphold the BC Athletics Harassment Policy.
Officials will not……

1. Harass others (officials, athletes, coaches, etc.). Harassment involves engaging
in any improper behavior toward another person that one knows or ought to
know would be unwelcome. Harassing behaviors can include written or verbal
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abuse or threats, unwelcome jokes, remarks or taunts.
2. Use the occasion of a rule’s infraction as an opportunity to publicly embarrass
or chastise an athlete.
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3. Use the occasion of an officiating error as an opportunity to publicly embarrass
or chastise an official.
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G. Exhibit professionalism. Professionalism means demonstrating a courteous,
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conscientious and business- like manner in the workplace. It means that
officials will conform to the reasonable technical standards of their area of
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practice as well as any ethical standard that govern them.
Officials will….
1. Conform to reasonable technical standards of their area of practice (e.g.,
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starter, track umpire, throws judge) as well as to any ethical standards that
govern them.
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2. Be conscientious and business-like (as opposed to cavalier) in carrying out

their duties.
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3. Conduct the event that they are officiating in an efficient and non-abrasive
manner.
4. Be courteous (not irritable, not dismissive or insulting) to athletes, coaches,
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spectators, as well as other officials and volunteers.

5. Wear the accepted uniform as outlined by the National Officials Committee or
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by the organizing committee for the individual competition.

6. Treat complaints, questions, concerns, or appeals raised by others (e.g.,
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athletes, coaches, spectators, other officials) with consideration and politeness.

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7. Act in a manner that will bring credit to the Athletics community and
themselves, both within and outside the competition area and/or arena.
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1. Use profane, insulting, harassing or otherwise offensive language in the
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conduct of their duties.

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2. Dismiss appeals, questions, or complaints from athletes, coaches or spectators

in a dismissive or cavalier manner.
3. Target any other official, athlete, volunteer, coach, or spectator as an object of
ridicule, harassment, or malicious gossip.
H. Model appropriate health habits. This means that athleticism is part a
generally healthy lifestyle not only during the sports competition but at home or
anywhere they go.
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Officials will….
1. Exhibit a polite and relaxed manner when conducting their duties.
2. When stressed or distracted by personal issues, seek help from other
officials to ensure the event proceeds smoothly and their own distress
does not disrupt the athletic event.
3. Seek appropriate professional help if their personal or emotional
difficulties begin to routinely interfere with their officiating performance
1. Allow their own emotional distress (e.g., irritability, feelings of time pressure,
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personal problems outside the athletic arena) to impact on their officiating
behavior.
2. Use tobacco products within the competition arena and/or competition area.
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3. Enter the competition area and/or arena under the influence of alcohol or
other mind-altering drugs.
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I. Adhere legal standards. It simply means obeying the law specified in general
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standards and in the specific sport.
Officials will…
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1. Willingly and promptly consent to a criminal record search as required by the
sport organization.
2. Report criminal acts to a legal authority.
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1. Provide underage athletes with alcohol.
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2. Provide an athlete with illegal substances.

3. Advocate or condone the use of drugs or other banned performance
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enhancing substances, classes, or methods.

J. Protect vulnerable persons. This refer to the athletes that need special
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attention who are vulnerable to poor treatment because of their relative youth,
mental or physical disability, or other characteristics that place them at a
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disadvantage.
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Officials will…
1. Use methods that maximize the understanding of rules and competition
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procedures of persons of diminished capacity. This may include repetition of

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instructions at the beginning of an event, including the guardian or coach of a

vulnerable athlete in the instructions, within the limits of competition rules.
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2. Be particularly cautious in establishing the understanding of rules and

procedures with persons of diminished capacity.
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1. Discriminate against vulnerable persons (e.g., Special Olympics athletes) either

verbally or through their actions in a competition area.
2. Disparage or patronize vulnerable persons in any way.
Informed ethical decision-making is the key element to guarantee that officials

and other participants maintain integrity in their choices and actions (Ibrahim
2016).
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Corruption in sports
In the event that the official is tempted to cheat with the use of various
corruption type, the official shall be charged and convicted if proven guilty. In the
article written by Adam Masters in 2015 entitled Corruption in sport: from the
playing field to the field policy he cited different types of corruption. The following
are Extortion, Host Bribery, Nepotism, Match- fixing, Tanking, Doping, Nobbling,
Ring- ins, etc.
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Extortion. It is the practice of obtaining money or other property by an official in
exchange of the favor given.
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Host Bribery. It has something to do with public officials paying in order to secure
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the hosting rights of a certain prestigious sport event.
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Nepotism. It is seen in the lavish gifts given to relatives of International Olympic
Committee (IOC) members during host bids.
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Match- fixing. It refers to the action or practice of dishonestly determining the
outcome of a match before it is played. S
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Tanking. It is a non-gambling type of match-fixing which involves a player or team
deliberately underperforming, giving up a match, losing intentionally or simply not
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competing.
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Doping. It is the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs by athletic

competitors.
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Nobbling. It is another form of doping. It is interfering with the ability of an athlete

to compete at their peak performance example arranging someone to sabotage the
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performance of an athlete by devious means.

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Ring- ins. It refers to the practice of substituting an athlete for one of better ability
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like a substitution in a Paralympic game with a physically abled athlete.

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Sports officials must be aware of the legal consequences of his/ her actions,
his/ her relationships to his fellow officials, coaches and athletes (Goldberger
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2007). In order to avoid problems during the act of officiating, the official should
execute the rules and intensify safety measures. In this way problem, lawsuits, etc.
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can be avoided and successful implementation of the sporting event is achieved.

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What’s More
A. Directions: Analyze the situation and identify which section in the Athletic
Official’s Ethics and Guidelines for Conduct is described. Choose your answer
from the choices in the box and write it below each sentence.
* Protect vulnerable persons * Model appropriate health habits
2.0
* Show respect for participant’s * Adhere legal standards
rights and dignity * Exhibit professionalism
ON
* Act with fairness * Act with integrity
* Be supportive of others and loyal * Be a benefit and cause no harm
SI
to your sport organizations * Be accurate and responsible
ER
1. All the materials and equipment should be gathered and readied one or two days
-V
before the sports event.
_______________________________________________________________________________ S
2. A sports official campaigns for his/ her sports.
LE
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. Tokyo 2020 Olympics is postponed to safeguard the health of the athletes and all
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others who are involve.

_______________________________________________________________________________
MO
4. Call for a meeting in private if you notice discrepancy of the co- sports official’s
decision.
ON
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. A sports official is tactful in orienting the athletes and coaches especially those
I
with disabilities.
AT
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. Deliberate complaints and questions by the athletes and coaches with courtesy.
R
_______________________________________________________________________________
NE
7. Give tips and hints on how to get higher score to both teams equally.
_______________________________________________________________________________
GE
8. Ask for the proper authority if illegal activities are taken place during the sports
event.
T
_______________________________________________________________________________
1S
9. Portray a healthy and active lifestyle to the athletes and coaches for them to
follow your example.
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. Inhibit officiating the game if one of the team is close to your heart.
_______________________________________________________________________________
12
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
B. Directions: Think of a scenario wherein sports official is involved in different
corrupt practices in sports events. Choose at least three practices among the ten
mentioned above and make a dialogue showing how the illegal practice is done.
Write your answer below the example.
Example:
Corrupt practice: Ring- ins
Coach: My team lacks one player because he is injured, what shall I do in order
to win the game?
Sports Official: Do you have reserved player?
2.0
Coach: Yes, but he was not registered in our team official players.
Sports Official: Let him use the credentials of the injured player. Do it
ON
discretely.
SI
1. Corrupt practice: ____________________________
ER
_______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
S
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_______________________________________________________________________________
DU
MO
_______________________________________________________________________________
ON
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
I
AT
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
R
NE

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_______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Directions: Read and understand the referee’s corruption case below and answer
the questions that follow. Write your answer on the space provided after the
question:
Details of soccer referees' corruption case revealed
(Xinhua)
Updated: 2011-03-30 22:52
BEIJING - China disclosed on Wednesday the public details of the corruption

cases of three Chinese soccer referees, including Lu Jun, who has been referred to
2.0
in the past as China's best soccer referee.
ON
The three soccer referees Lu Jun, Huang Junjie and Zhou Weixin were
arrested on charges of taking bribes last year. It was learned that prior to a match
between the Shanghai International and Shanghai Shenhua teams on November 9,
SI
2003, Zhang Jianqiang, a former official of the China Football Association (CFA)
ER
asked Lu Jun to call the game in Shanghai Shenhua's favor, promising that
commissions would be paid to him and other referees if Shanghai Shenhua won the
-V
game.
Shanghai International and Shanghai Shenhua were both favorites for 2003's S
LE
domestic league championship games. The two teams had top ranking in the
league table before that match.
DU
The match was broadcast on live television, which made difficult for referees
to favor one side over another. Lu Jun later confessed that he tried to give
MO
"emotional care" to Shenhua players by treating them less strictly.
Shanghai Shenhua successfully overtook Shanghai International in the league

ON
table after a 4 to 1 victory in that match. Shanghai Shenhua went on to win that
year's domestic league championship.
I
AT
"Shanghai Shenhua later brought commissions worth 700,000 yuan

($106,774)to my office. Lu and I each got 350,000 yuan ($53,387)," Zhang
R
Jianqiang confessed. Zhang was arrested for alleged match-fixing and bribery in
NE
March 2010.
GE
Lu refereed more than 200 matches in the domestic league over the course of
his career. He was also the first Chinese to referee at the World Cup.
T
Details of Huang Junjie and Zhou Weixin's corruption cases were also
1S
revealed on Wednesday. Both were found to have made unfair calls that affected
match outcomes after being promised commissions.
"Our investigation found that it was a common practice for football clubs to
give bribes to referees," said Cui Weidong, an official in charge of the case. “Football
clubs gave bribes to referees through a variety of means. On most occasions, they
gave cash directly and the amounts varied according to the importance of the
game," Cui added.
14
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
China has been cracking down on match-fixing scandals and gambling since
November 2009, when a new initiative was made to bear down on these illegal
activities.
Nan Yong and Yang Yimin, both former vice chairmen of the CFA, were
arrested for alleged match- fixing and bribery last March. Xie Yalong, another
former vice president of the CFA was arrested for bribery last October. Soccer
insiders have stated that an anti-corruption supervision mechanism should be put
into place to guard against match-fixing scandals and gambling.
Questions:
2.0
1. What ethical and standards were violated by the referees?
______________________________________________________________________________
ON
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think were the reasons of the referees for doing the action?
SI
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ER
3. If you were the referee, what would you do?
______________________________________________________________________________
-V
______________________________________________________________________________
4. How do you feel for the losing team?
______________________________________________________________________________ S
______________________________________________________________________________
LE
5. How do you feel for the winning team?
DU
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. How do you feel for the referees?
MO
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ON
7. In what other real-life situation can the values in officiating be applied?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
I
R AT
What I Have Learned

NE
GE
Directions: Review all your readings about sports officiating. Cite a generalization
by filling in the blank to complete the sentences.
T
1S
Through officiating, ______________________________________________but

official
must______________________________________________________________________ in
order to have a healthy and quality life.
A fit official _______________________________________________________________.
15
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What I Can Do
Provide opportunity to the family members to stay fit and healthy. Organize
leisure time with the family through a Larong Pinoy.
Directions: Choose any Larong Pinoy to play in the back or front yard of the
house. You can also do it inside the house where there is enough space depending
2.0
of your chosen game. Assign yourself as the official of the game. What is the do’s
and don’ts you can describe to yourself before the game, during the game and after
the game following the code of conduct for officiating officials? Write at least five (5)
ON
each column.
SI
Before the game During the game After the game
ER
Ex. *Come to the venue/ *Maintain proper *Help in the restoration
-V
playing area 1 to 2 hours composure despite the and cleaning of the
before the game starts. harassment of the playing area.
audience, etc. S
LE
DU
MO
Assessment
I ON
AT
Directions: Write True if the idea of the statement is correct and False if it is not.
R
Write your answer on the blank provided.

NE
____________ 1. Modeling appropriate health habit means allowing personal issues

GE
to impact on the officiating behavior.
____________ 2. Adhere to legal standard means reporting illegal acts to proper

T
1S
authority.
____________ 3. Protecting vulnerable persons is using methods that deepen the
understanding of rules and competition procedures of persons with

disability.
____________ 4. Act with fairness means criticizing in a constructive manner, at an
appropriate time, directly to the official concerned.

16
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________ 5. Act with integrity means acting to the advantage of an athlete or a
team to which the official is intimate.
____________ 6. Be a benefit and cause no harm is facilitating the event according to
the rules with the safety of the athletes in mind.
____________ 7. Be accurate and be responsible is purposely avoiding responsibility
for officiating errors.
___________ 8. Exhibit professionalism is dismissing complaints, questions, and
2.0
clarifications from athletes, coaches, and spectators without due
ON
process.
___________ 9. Model appropriate health habits is demonstrating polite and relaxed
SI
manner when conducting their duties.
ER
__________ 10. Act with fairness is doing evaluations for other officials in an
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objective way without personal differences in mind.
S
LE
DU
Additional Activities
MO
Directions: Write your ideas on the following questions regarding the lesson.
ON
1. Why is following the code of conduct for ethical standards of sports officials
I
important? Explain.
AT
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
NE
__________________________________________________________________________________
GE
2. Do you think corruption in sports is prevalent in our society nowadays? Cite

example and discuss briefly.
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__________________________________________________________________________________
1S
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
17
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18
What’s New
1.
What I Know 2. X
3. X
6. a 4.
7. b 5. X
8. c
9. c 1. Extortion- It is the practice of obtaining money or other
10. a property by an official in exchange of the favor given.
1S
11. c 2. Host Bribery- It has something to do with public officials paying

T
12. d
in order to secure the hosting rights of a certain prestigious
13. a
14. d sport event.
15. a 3. Nepotism- It is seen in the lavish gifts given to relatives of
GE
International Olympic Committee (IOC) members during host

bids.
NE
4. Salary cap abuses- It refers to clubs breaching the salary cap

through hidden payments to its players.
R
5. Ring- ins- It refers to the practice of substituting an athlete for

one of better ability like a substitution in a Paralympic game
AT
I
with a physically abled athlete.

6. Match- fixing- It refers to the action or practice of dishonestly
determining the outcome of a match before it is played.
ON
7. Nobbling- It is another form of doping. It is interfering with the

ability of an athlete to compete at their peak performance
example arranging someone to sabotage the performance of an
MO
athlete by devious means.

8. Tanking- It is a non-gambling type of match-fixing which
involves a player or team deliberately underperforming, giving
DU
up a match, losing intentionally or simply not competing.

9. Doping- It is the use of banned athletic performance-enhancing
LE
S drugs by athletic competitors.
10. Scalping- It refers to selling the tickets in sports at a higher
price than the official one.
-V
What’s More Assessment
ER
1. C
SI
A.
2. A
1. Be accurate and responsible 3. B
4. D
ON
2. Be supportive of others and loyal to your sports
organization 5. D
3. Be a benefit and cause no harm 6. C
4. Show respect for participant’s right and dignity 7. C
2.0
5. Protect vulnerable persons 8. A
6. Exhibit professionalism 9. B
7. Act with fairness 10. D
8. Adhere legal standards
9. Model appropriate health habits
10. Act with integrity
Answer Key
References
Book
Goldberger, Alan S. 2007. Sports officiating: A legal guide. Referee Enterprises.
Teacher’s Guide for PE and Health Grade 9. 2014. Department of Education.
Journal
2.0
Greenfield, Bruce, and Gail M. Jensen. 2010. "Beyond a code of ethics:
Phenomenological ethics for everyday practice." Physiotherapy Research
International 15, no. 2: 88-95.
ON
Ibrahim, Lawal Yazid. 2016. "Integrity Issues in Competitive Sports."
SI
Journal of Sports and Education, 67-72.
ER
Masters, Adam. 2015. "Corruption in sport: From the playing field to the
field of policy." Policy and Society 34, no. 2: 111-123.
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S
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NE
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1S
19
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.0
ON
SI
ER
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S
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DU
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I ON
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NE
GE
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Region VII,

T
Division of Cebu Province

1S
Office Address: IPHO Bldg., Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City

Telefax: (032) 2556405
Email Address: cebu.province@deped.gov.ph
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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9

Writers: Susette B. Saplad

Language Editor: Fanny Y. Inumerables

Layout Artist: Susette B. Saplad

Moderator: Milanie M. Panique

Schools Division Superintendent: Marilyn S. Andales, EdD, CESO V

Ester A. Futalan, EdD

CID Chief: Mary Ann P. Flores

Printed in the Philippines by

Welcome to the Physical Education Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that

Welcome to the Physical Education 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This is a brief drill or review to help

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

such as a story, a song, a poem, a

problem opener, an activity or a

This section provides a brief

discussion of the lesson. This aims to

new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for

This section provides an activity

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

The following are some reminders in using this module:

the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

included in the module.

common moral language and honorable guidelines for ethical actions.

2. It is known as the Palarong Pambansa Act of 2013.

3. It refers to the practice of dishonestly determining the outcome of a

this belong to?

b. Show respect for participants’ right and dignity

8. Be considerate in establishing the understanding of rules and procedures

ethics and guidelines of conduct of officiating officials?

b. Adhere to legal standards

what section of the ethics and guidelines of conduct of officiating officials?

a. Act with integrity

Directions: Go back to the Additional Activities part of the lesson 1 located in

athletes engaged in illegal or dangerous activity.

_____3. Use the occasion of an officiating error as an opportunity to publicly

the competition area. S

Code of Conduct for Ethical Standards

illegal starting position) during warm-ups for an event.

Officials will not…

1. Intentionally disadvantage an athlete because of previous bad experiences with

2. Disqualify an athlete from an event without serious consideration of

3. Needlessly distract, or otherwise interfere with athletes during their

representatives of sport organizations with customary politeness.

Officials will not……

Athletics Canada) or other participants.

their judgment to be adversely influenced by personal loyalties or personal gain,

through physical illness, emotional distress, or some other personal limitation).

or family member). This recognizes that at times there will be no other

one’s own athlete is competing.

with their responsibilities.

4. Understand that some athletes, officials, or volunteers, by reason of their