Mathematics 7

Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 2
Simple Statistical Instruments
Mathematics – Grade 7
Quarter 4 – Self-Learning Module 2: Simple Statistical Instruments
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

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Mathematics 7
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 2
Simple Statistical Instruments
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 7 Self-Learning Module on Simple

Statistical Instruments!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
self-learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the self-learning
module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics 7 Self-Learning Module on Simple Statistical

Instruments!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace
and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while
being an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson- This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities -This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lessons.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION
1. Formulate simple statistical instruments.

PRETEST
Directions: Identify each of the following statements below. Choose the letter of the
correct answer and write it on your paper.
1. A level of measurement characterized by data that consist of names, labels,
or categories only.
A. Nominal C. Interval
B. Ordinal D. Ratio
2. Data that consists of numbers representing counts or measurements.
A. Qualitative data C. Discrete Data
B. Quantitative data D. Continuous
3. A level of measurement involves data that may be arranged in some order
but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are
meaningless.
A. Nominal C. Interval
B. Ordinal D. Ratio
4. These are distinguished by some nonnumeric characteristics.
A. Qualitative data C. Discrete
B. Quantitative Data D. Continuous
5. It is a result from infinitely many possible values that can be associated with
points on continuous scale in such a way that there are no gaps or
interruptions.
A. Discrete C. Ratio
B. Continuous D. Interval

RECAP
Statistics and basic terms were discussed in the previous lesson. What are
some of the terms that you have studied? How about some of real-life problems
that can be solved by statistics?

LESSON
The Nature of Data
 Data is a collection of facts or set of information or observation under study.
Data is classified into two types: the quantitative data and the qualitative data.
Quantitative data consist of numbers representing counts or measurements,
such as weights. Qualitative data can be separated into different categories that
are distinguished by some nonnumeric characteristics. Examples of qualitative
variables are gender, major classification, political party affiliation, religious,
marital status and others.

Example 1

Classify the following as quantitative or qualitative.

a. Opinion on health issue
b. Number of hospitals that have a nuclear center

Solution:

a. Opinion is not a form of measurement but rather a classification, such as for

or against: therefore, it is qualitative.
b. The number of hospitals that have a nuclear center is a count variable thus,
quantitative.

Quantitative data can be either discrete or continuous. Discrete data result from
either a finite number of possible values or countable number of possible values as
0, or 1, or 2, and so on. Continuous data result from infinitely many possible data
that can be associated with points on a continuous scale in such a way that there
are no gaps or interruptions.

Example 2
Classify the following as a qualitative or quantitative. If a variable is
quantitative (numerical), further classify it as a discrete or continuous.
a. ages of congresswoman
b. number of students in a Stadium
c. faculty rank

Solution:

a. quantitative - continuous
b. quantitative – discrete
c. qualitative

In the process of collecting data, we obtained measurement such as weights,

heights, and test scores or we categorize data such as rank, civil status and
educational attainment.
The different levels of measurement are classified into four categories:
Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio and Interval.
 The nominal level of measurement is characterized by data that consist of
names, labels, or categories only.
The ordinal level of measurement involves data that may be arranged in
some order but differences between data values either cannot be determined or are
meaningless.
The interval level of measurement is like the ordinal level. But meaningful
amounts of differences between data can be determined. It has no inherent
(natural) zero starting point (where none of the quality is present).
The ratio level of measurement is the interval level modified to include the
inherent zero starting point (where zero indicates that none of the quality is
present).

Example 3

Determine which of the four levels of measurements is used.

a. Average annual temperature in Baguio.
b. Weights of garbage discarded by restaurants.
c. A jury rates some presentations as “good.”
d. The political party to which each Barangay Captain belongs.

Solution:

a. Interval c. ordinal
b. ratio d. nominal

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Classify the following as discrete or continuous. Write the answer on
the space provided for.

____________ 1. Air temperature

____________ 2. Number of typewriters

____________ 3. Number of mobile phones

____________ 4. Length of Rod

____________ 5. Number of DVD’s rented

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Directions: Classify the following as qualitative or quantitative. Write the answer
on the space provided for.
 1. age _________________
2. cell phone number __________________
3. marital status ___________________
4. employment rate _________________
5. net income _________________

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Read and analyze the statement then identify the levels of
measurements used. If it is nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio. Write the answer
on the space before each number.
__________ 1. Ratings of excellent, above average, average, below average or poor for
painting exhibits.

__________ 2. Zip codes

__________ 3. Annual income of teachers

__________ 4. Final grades (A, B, C, D, E) for Mathematics students

__________ 5. SSS

WRAP-UP

Remember that…
Quantitative data make use of numerical values while qualitative data
involve categorical responses.
Discrete data can assume finite number of values while continuous data can
assume infinite number of values between any two real numbers.

Measurements are classified into four categories namely nominal, ordinal

interval and ratio.

VALUING
REFLECTION: (Journal Writing)
Data is a collection of facts and information. There are different levels of
measurements to classify data. In life, we can use the different levels of
measurements that we can use in our daily lives. As a student, identify those facts
and information that can guide and help you improve your way of living and write
your answers in your notebook.
 POSTTEST

Directions: Identify each of the following statements. Choose the letter of your
answer and write on your paper.

1. A result from either a finite number of possible values or countable number

of possible values.
A. Qualitative data C. Discrete
B. Quantitative Data D. Continuous
2. A level of measurement wherein variables are measured based on set of
intervals on a certain scale.

A. Interval C. Discrete
B. Ratio D. Continuous
3. Data that consists of numbers representing counts or measurements.
A. Qualitative data C. Discrete Data
B. Quantitative data D. Continuous
4. A level of measurement which can have a value of zero or starts at an
absolute value of zero.

A. Interval C. Discrete
B. Ratio D. Continuous
5. These are distinguished by some nonnumeric Characteristics.
A. Ratio C. Qualitative
B. Nominal D. Quantitative
PRETEST
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B
ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
1. Continuous
2. Discrete
3. Discrete
4. Continuous
5. Discrete
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
1. Quantitative
2. Quantitative
3. Qualitative
4. Qualitative
5. Qualitative
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
1. Ordinal
2. Nominal
3. Ratio
4. Ordinal
5. Nominal
POSTTEST
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. C
KEY TO CORRECTION
 Reference

Oronce, Orlando, and Marilyn Mendoza. E-MATH 7. Manila: Rex Book Store,
Inc., 2015.

Crisostomo, Ricardo and Priscila de Sagun, Alicia Padua. Our World of

Math 7. Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House, Inc., 2013