Transcultural health care delivery perspective

 transcultural nursing a humanistic and scientific area of nursing study and practice that focuses 
on how patterns of behavior in health, illness, and caring are influenced by the values and beliefs 
of specific cultural groups. It applies this knowledge in the planning and provision of culturally app
ropriate care. The assumptions of transcultural nursing are that the practices and caring behavior
s of cultural groups related to health and illness may be identified and analyzed. The goal of such 
analysis is the development of a body of knowledge to serve as the basis of culturally relevant car
e.
 This encompasses the emotional bond that people have with their religious community
or the faith that they feel towards God. The experiential dimension also includes the
spiritual cleansing or connection that is felt in response to a Church service or mass and
prayer.
 (the experiential dimension of wanting something to happen or
wanting to avoid something happening)
 The intellectual dimension encourages creative, stimulating mental
activities. Our minds need to be continually inspired and exercised just
as our bodies do. People who possess a high level of intellectual
wellness have an active mind and continue to learn. An intellectually
well person uses the resources available to expand one's knowledge
and improve skills. Keeping up-to-date on current events and
participating in activities that arouse our minds are also important.
 the terms morality and religion signal two related but
distinct ideas. Morality is thought to pertain to the conduct
of human affairs and relations between persons, while
religion primarily involves the relationship between human
beings and a transcendent reality.
 Ayurvedic medicine is a holistic system with great emphasis on prevention
 Diagnosis according to Ayurveda is based on finding out the root cause of a disease, which is
not always inside the body (to give permanent relief, the root cause has to be addressed)
 Maintaining the equilibrium of 3 major forces in the body (termed dosha) is perceived as good
health; the state of imbalance is disease
 Once the aggravated or unbalanced dosha is identified, it is brought into balance by using
different kinds of therapies. The three dosha are called Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Each dosha
represents characteristics derived from the five elements of space, air, fire, water, and earth and
also certain bodily activities
 When curing disease, it is important to not cause new symptoms by suppressing the presenting
symptoms
 There are approximately 1,400 plants used in Ayurvedic medicine, none of which are
synonymous with instant pain relievers or antibiotics. The herbs used in Ayurvedic remedies
tend to gradually metabolize and have few side effects on the body
  Fasting (to remove excess toxins), and mild sweating (to digest the toxins) is used in treatment
in conjunction with dietary management, herbal medicines and massage regime referred to as
Panchakarma
 A meditation programme may also be prescribed for clients as appropriate to their
presentations
 The Sushruta-samhita recommends that a body be placed in a
basket and sunk in a river for seven days. On its removal the
parts could be easily separated without cutting. As a result of
these crude methods, the emphasis in Hindu anatomy was given
first to the bones and then to the muscles, ligaments, and joints.
The nerves, blood vessels, and internal organs were very
imperfectly known.
 Many Hindu clients will elect to die at home; and some will go back to India, their motherland to
die if possible - especially to the sacred city of Varanasi
 Organ donations are seldom approved because of religious implications (although blood
transfusions, bone marrow or organ transplants are usually acceptable)
 Chanting and prayer, incense, and various rituals are part of the process
 After death, healthcare staff should touch the body as little as possible. Ideally, just before
cremation or burial the family should be the ones to clean the body and this person should be of
the same sex as the deceased. After being cleaned, the body is wrapped in a red or white cloth,
white being the mourning colour for Hindus
 The mourning family may wish to have a Brahman priest at the funeral to perform a prayer and
blessing
 Cremation is traditional
 At the crematory chapel a poem ‘Sohila’ is recited(meaning PRAISEWORTHY; STAR)

Japanese

Traditional Japanese healing uses different forms of medicine from the West. Though today
Western medicine is widely practiced in Japan, a combination of traditional and Western
medicine is common. Japanese believe that much illness stems from the interruption of the
flow of Qi, translating roughly to "energy." Kampo is a very popular form of healing that uses
medicinal herbs to restore the flow of Qi. Another traditional Japanese therapy is Shiatsu
massage in which pressure is applied to specific points on the body, also with the aim of
restoring Qi. Acupuncture is also practiced by inserting needles into specific points of the body
for the release of toxins and for pain-relief.

 Kampo medicines are traditional Japanese herbal medicines used in Japan

 Kampo uses many familiar materials as medicinal ingredients; for example, "Keihi",
commonly known as cinnamon, and "Borei", which is oyster shell.

Taoists believe in spiritual immortality, where the spirit of the body joins the universe
after death.
 They also feel that health depends on letting the Tao flow freely and maintaining
universal harmony, which includes harmony within the body.
 Taoism is a diverse and rich spiritual and religious tradition of
understanding and practice which is designed to bring the
individual the community and the world into greater harmony.
The body is seen as a reflection of the universe. When an
individual is in harmony, replete with vital essence with bright and
calm spirit, then one is in a state of health. This is a basic goal of
Taoist practice.
 Taoist Medicine is one of the most ancient philosophies of healing
 The talisman is the spiritual writing of the Three Lights and the message of
celestial perfection. Qi is the great union of Yin and Yang and the spirit of
everything. Drugs are the gem of the five agents and the essence of Heaven
and Earth. It will be enough to be expert in one of these three domains to
realize what one wills.
 people commonly believe that a talisman consists of a certain type of
graphic writing and a line drawn in red or black, or made of curved
strokes.