INTRO TO SOCIOL WORK.

Life history

What has influencer/ or address a particular problem

What has been their contribution

What lessons

History of social work

Started in18 century in the west

In 19th century: industrial revolution led to a lot of problems and poverty

Settlement movement by Jane Adam focusing on 3 r’s

COS founded in London (focused more on individual cases)

Persons who contributed to social work profession

Mary Richmond- Social Case Work
John Howard and Elizabeth Fry- Reform of criminals
Josephine Butler-worked with the victims of prostitution
Florence Nightingale-worked with the wounded soldiers during Crimean
war
Jane Adams- Founding schools on Philanthropy etc.
MODERN SOCIAL WORK CAN BE TRACED AS –
Causation and treatment of human mind: Psychoanalytics –gave rise to
approaches and social work methods(Sigmund Frued)
Physio-social approach to social work
Behavioral
Mutual aid—pooling resourses and sharing with needy
Community development etc.
SOCIAL WORK PROFFESSION IN INDIA
Pre British period to 1800 AD
JOINT FAMILY SYSTEM: took care of all the people, all of their needs were
met within the family
VILLAGE COMMUNITY: community taking charge in catering to the needs
of the people(panchayat, kings,)
RELEGIOUS INSTITUTIONS: people donating money to churches were
utilized for the poor people
Mughal period: helping the poor was the main thing in everyone
During the British period: Economy was agrarian, village based and self
sufficiency was there in India, Industries came in., it was more focused in
the urban settings, rural people migrated to the cities. Poverty and
everything came in with the industries cause the British only focused on
the urban.
I REALLY NEED TO LEARN ABOUT THE ECONOMIC CONDITION OF INDIA
DURING THE BRITISH RULE
Christian missionaries spread, brought the theory of equality, , which in
turn helped the social reformers to attack the evil customs and equality.
There were no rights for Indian woman. Early marriage, inequality, caste
system, widow remarriage, custom of sati, were the burning problems of
Indian society.
Many social reforms came to address these social evils.

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MANY SOCIAL REFORMS CAME TO ADDRESS THESE SOCIAL EVILS.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy started the Brahmo Samaj,
Justice Ranade on widow remarriage,
Swami Dayanand swaraswati- Arya Samaj
Pandit Ramabhai started the Arya Mahila SAMAJ,
Swami Vivekanand established Ramakrishna mission
MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL REFORM
Creating Conscientization about the system and how to eradicate the
evils.
GROWTH OF PROFFESSIONAL TRAINING IN INDIA:
In India , professional social work is of recent origin. During 1900
onwards, those who were engaged in social welfare activities found the
need of trained social workers.
The rise of Sarvodaya movement in 1915 by Mahatma Gandhi where the
efforts made towards constructive works in Indian politics.
In India, the professional social work owes its origin to a short term
training course on social service organized by the social service league
Till that time social workers were just volunteers, did not get any salary
Later the first school of social work was started in 1936 by CLIFFORD
MARSHAL, who was a protestant missionary and worked in Naga PADA.
He came to India in 1925 and felt the need of trained social workers.
College of social work started in 1955
He established the Sir Dorabji Tata school of social…
There was aimed to solve the problems with a comprehensive and
scientific basis so the move from charity to organized self-improvement,
self-reliant process came into existence.
Importance was laid on the application of scientific methods to the
diagnosis and solution of social problems.

14-09- 2021 TUESDAY 9:00 AM

AFTER INDEPENDENCE:
In the Independencs India the source of all welfare service are inherent in
the constitution.
Various schemes with regard to the welfare of women, children, youths
and aged persons have implemented.
Government realized the need of trained professional social workers to
work in area of welfare and has also made statutory liabilities to welfare
officers in the various industries.
Social services included health services, education, housing etc.
Social services may be seen of 4 types; development, remedial,
supportive and substitute.
*Development- e.g., educational services
*Remedial- e.g., Family Counseling and Child guidance
*Supportive- e.g., Day care and nutritional services
*Substitutive – e.g., foster care services.
In order to supervise the social welfare services, the Central Social
Welfare Board (CSWB) was established in 1953.
The board assists in the improvement of social welfare activities. Thus,
Indian social work is gradually emerging as a social oriented profession.

15-09-2021 Wednesday 10 am
 Social work definition: Is a profession where various methods, skills
and techniques used in scientific manner to help the individual,
group and community to help themselves and be sufficient and self-
reliant.
 Social work seeks to assist individual, group and communities to
reach the highest possible degree of social mental and physical…
 Social Work is helping people to help themselves.
 It is to create conditions for the individual and groups under which
they are able to utilize their potentialities and existing resources to
remove some of the handicaps and to overcome them by proper
adjustment, in order to live the life more adequately and creatively.
 Social Work assists in Realizing democratic principles and human
rights.
 Seeking to secure for all citizens a decent standard of living, social
security
 Social work is an – art with scientific and value foundation it has
problem solving functions- and professional skills.
 Social work is the professional activity of helping individuals,
groups, communities enhance or restore their capacity for social
functioning and creating societal conditions favorable to that goal.
 NASW definition on social work cont…
 The practice of social work requires knowledge
 Of human development and behavior. Of social, economical...
 Social work profession draws on theories of human development
and behavior and social systems to analyze complex social systems
and to facilitate individual, organizational, social and cultural
change(IASSW/IFSW 2000)
 Direct work can involve working with individual, groups,
organization, communities, families, NGOs, government
department.
 Social workers often work on capacity building, advocacy,
community development, training, counseling, lobbing, research,
policy dev etc.

20-09-2021 Monday 9 am
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL WORK

 Professional Service
 Based on Scientific Knowledge
 Humanitarian philosophy (recognizing an individual person with
their uniqueness, happiness and well-being of the person)
 Solutions of Psycho Social problems.
  Focus on the wholeness and totality of the persons
environmental factors and behavior
 Emphasis is on the importance of family in molding and
influencing behavior.
 Utilization of community resources in helping people to solve
problems is very important.
 Understanding the relationship of people and in helping them to
resolve their conflicts.
 Helps the person to understand himself/herself and relationship
with others and to tap his/her own community resources in
solving personal problems.
 Social problems may be reduced by working with individual
personalities or by changing social institutions
 Social work emphasis on three basic processes that is case work,
group work and community.
 Basic aim of SW is to help the client to help or herself or to help
community.
 Foster team efforts and coordination…

21-09-2021 Tuesday 9 am

FUNCTIONS AND PURPOSE OF SOCIAL WORK.

 Enhance problem solving and coping capacities of people.
 Link people with systems that provide resources, services and
opportunities.
 Promote effective and humane operation of these systems ie. To
work with system.
 Contribute to the development and improvement of social policy.
 Create new systems and alternatives.

22-09-2021 Wednesday 10 am
PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL WORK
ACCEPTANCE
Acceptance does not mean approval of the client’s behavior, attitudes, or
standards
People should feel that they are respected and valued, for ehat they are…
our words should match our actions too.
NON-JUDGEMENTAL ATTITUDE
No preconceived notions
No labeling
No judging
No taking sides, but being objective
CONFIDENTIALITY
The protection of secret or private information disclosed in the
professional relationship
Confidentiality is a basic right of the client
An ethical obligation of the worker, build trust
Necessary for effective helping
The client’s right, however, is not absolute
- The client’s information is often shared with other professional
persons within the agency and in other agencies with permission.
Written permission is required to disclose information to other agencies
CLIENT SELF-DETERMINATION
- Help the individual to make their own choices and decisions
- The client has a right and a need, within certain limitations, to have
freedom in making their own decisions/choices
- Worker has a duty to respect that right, in theory and in practice
1. Refrains from any direct or indirect interference
2. Positively helps the client to exercise that right and support
3. Provide pros and cons
 4. Link them to resources and services

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EMPATHY
- The worker should be sensitive to the client’s feelings. Feeling one
with the person.
- Makes effort tp understand their meaning.
- Don’t give advice, silence and being is much appreciated
- A purposeful, appropriate use of the worker’s emotions in response
to the client’s feeling

PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS

- Recognition of the client’s need to express feelings freely.
- Worker listens purposefully
- Sometimes worker actively stimulates and encourages expression
of feelings

INDIVIDUALIZATION
- The recognition and understanding of each client’s unique qualities
- Differential use of principles and methods to assist client toward
change
- Individualization is based on the right of human beings to be
individuals. (I have the right to be myself)
- Right to be treated not just a human being but as this human being
with personal differneces.

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VALUES
  Values are what we cherish as ideal
 Values shape our beliefs and attittudes and in turn beliefs and
attitudes shape our values.
CORE VALUES OF SW ARE
1. Respect individuals worth and dignity
- Encourage mutual participation
- Demonstrate acceptance
- Uphold confidentiality
4. Ensure that social institutions are humane and responsive HW
read CASE PG 79-…

29-09-2021 Wednesday 10 am

According to Haynes and Holmes

Social work values are
 Commitment to the primary importance of the individual and
society
 Respect for the confidentiality of relationship with clients
 Commitment to social change to meet socially recognized
needs
 Willingness to keep personal feelings and needs, separate
from professional relationships.
 Commitment to develop clients sbility to help themselves
 Willingness too persist in efforts on behalf of clients despite
frustration
 Commitment to social justice and the economic physical and
mental wellbeing of all members of society
 Commitment to a high standard of personal and professional
conduct.