The National Highways Authority of India

FOUR LANING OF BALANCE WORK OF INDORE – GUJRAT BRODER IN

FOREST AREA SECTION OF NATIONAL HIGHWAY–47 (OLD NH-59) FROM
KM 106.210 TO KM 115.250 (START AND END POINT OF BIRD SANCTUARY),
KM 121+740 TO KM 127+140 (MACHLIYA GHAT SECTION) AND FOREST
PORTION KM 149+800 TO KM 150+850 & KM. 158+250 TO KM 158+850
(FOREST AREA) HAVING A LENGTH OF 16.09 KM IN THE STATE OF
MADHYA PRADESH.

HYDRAULIC DESIGN REPORT

CH: 108+935

Design consultant:-
E5 INFRASTRUCTURE PVT.LTD.
SCO-105, 1st FLOOR, POCKET-A SECTOR 14, HISAR
HARYANA,125001
E-mail :THEE5CONSTRUCTION@GMAIL.COM
HYDRAULIC DESIGN FOR MNB @ CH. 108+935 (R1)
 HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF MINOR BRIDGE

Name of work : FOUR LANING OF BALANCE WORK OF INDORE – GUJRAT BRODER IN FOREST AREA
SECTION OF NATIONAL HIGHWAY–47 (OLD NH-59) FROM KM 106.210 TO KM 115.250
(START AND END POINT OF BIRD SANCTUARY), KM 121+740 TO KM 127+140
(MACHLIYA GHAT SECTION) AND FOREST PORTION KM 149+800 TO KM 150+850 &
KM. 158+250 TO KM 158+850 (FOREST AREA) HAVING A LENGTH OF 16.09 KM IN THE
STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH.

Location of bridge : 108+935

Main Objective :

Hydrological analysis of bridges is outmost important task in highway projects. Estimation of design
flood/discharge for the design of different types of hydraulic structures is a very significant component of
hydrological studies. Proper estimation of design flood value is of great importance. While a higher value of design
flood results in increase in the cost of the cross drainage structures, an under estimated value is likely to place the
structure at great risk. The main Objective of the hydrological and hydraulic study is to determine the required size
of drainage structures to allow the estimated design flow of the streams to cross the alignment safely and to check
whether waterways of existing structures are sufficient to transmit the flow without risk so that appropriate
decisions could be taken concerning their rehabilitation.

The hydrological and hydraulic study for the project has been based on:

a) Topographic survey data of cross drainage structures

b) Topographic data of streams, Upstream and downstream
c) Rainfall pattern of the project site
d) Site study of the characteristics of the catchment areas, HFL from local enquiries and marks, and hydraulic
conditions at the existing drainage structures.

The hydrological studies usually cover the following aspects:

a) Assessment of the catchment of streams crossing the project stretch and determination of discharge by
various methods.
b) Safety of the proposed cross drainage structures/Existing Structures in the event of extreme flood i.e.
estimation of design flood.
c) Determination of waterway required to pass the design flood safely.
d) Determination of Design HFL corresponding to the design flood.

General Description of the Project Site :

FOUR LANING OF BALANCE WORK OF INDORE – GUJRAT BRODER IN FOREST AREA SECTION OF NATIONAL
HIGHWAY–47 (OLD NH-59) FROM KM 106.210 TO KM 115.250 (START AND END POINT OF BIRD SANCTUARY),
KM 121+740 TO KM 127+140 (MACHLIYA GHAT SECTION) AND FOREST PORTION KM 149+800 TO KM 150+850 &
KM. 158+250 TO KM 158+850 (FOREST AREA) HAVING A LENGTH OF 16.09 KM IN THE STATE OF MADHYA
PRADESH.

MNB Latitudes of 22°41'22.92"N; Longitudes of 74°54'33.27"E

Data Collection And Data Analysis :

A) REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRAULIC DESIGN :

The hydrological study aims at estimating the peak design of the flood generated by the run-off of rainfall within
the catchment area. The hydrological study requires:

a) Knowledge of the characteristics of peak rainfall in the regions

b) Knowledge of the characteristics of the catchment areas
c) Topographic data about the stream, upstream and downstream
d) Topo sheets/maps for identification of catchment area and its characteristics.

B) DATA COLLECTION

Topographic surveys have been done at all the major and stream crossings with a view to obtain the cross section
of the water channels at the centre line of the road and upto a reasonable distance at upstream and downstream.
The high flood levels (HFL) have been obtained from existing flood marks or ascertained from local enquiry.

The characteristics of the catchment areas have been ascertained from Bhuvan (ISRO Portal) from which catchment
area at the proposed bridge site, length of the stream and fall in elevation from originating point to the point of
crossing could be determined.

C) Topo sheets and Contour

Contour map has been prepared for the catchment area and hydrological analysis has been done accordingly.
Contour map is prepared in Civil 3D by taking the contours from Google earth and stream lines are marked on it.
Natural ridge lines have been identified using this map and verified from the contours drawn from topographical
survey points. Various artificial boundaries like bund lines, railways, highways are also located which act as ridge
line. Thus catchment boundary has been marked along these natural and artificial ridge lines and area being
calculated accordingly.

D) Flood Estimation Report

India has been divided into 26 hydro meteorologically homogenous sub zones. The corridor of the proposed project
is in Lower Narmada & Tapi-3b, it lies in the state of Madhya Pradesh. For reference, CWC flood estimation report
of this subzone has been used.
Methodology Adopted For Discharge Calculations

The following methods can be used to estimate the peak discharge for bridge sites on major and minor streams.

1) Dickens's Formula
2) Area- Velocity Method or Slope area method
2) Rationale Method

These methods have been discussed in detail in the subsequent para.

1) DICKEN’S FORMULA

Dicken’s formula is commonly used for computation of flood discharge based on catchment area of the
stream. (Ref. clause 4.2 of IRC: SP: 13-2014)

Q = C * M(3/4)

Where:
A = Catchment area in Sq. km.
C = Run-off coefficient which depends on the topography, annual rainfall, type
of soil, Vegetation, ground slope, climate of the region, etc.

= 11-14 where the annual rainfall is 60-120 cm.

= 14-19 where the annual rainfall is more than 120 cm.
= 22 in Western Ghats.

Calculations as per Dickens Formula

Total catchment area (A) as per Bhuvan ( ISRO Portal ) = 13.433 Sq. km.

Runoff Cofficient = 12.0

Q1 = C * M(3/4) = 12 x 13.433 ^(3/4)

= 84.20 Cum/s

2) RATIONALE METHOD

a) According to IRC SP-13 the peak run-off for given cathment area at any location is given
by.

𝑄=0.028∗𝑃∗𝐴∗𝐼_𝑐
where,

Q=Discharge (Peak run-off) in cum/sec

P=Cofficient of run-off for the catchment characterstics
A= Area of catchment in hactares
Ic= Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr. for the
selected frequency and duration for equal to time of concentration.
 b) According to IRC SP-13 Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr for shorter duration is
given by
𝑖_𝑐=𝐹/𝑇∗((𝑇+1)/(𝑡+1))

where,

i= Intensity of rainfall with in a shorter period of 't' hrs. within a storm

F= total rainfall in a storm in cm falling in duration of storm of 'T' hrs.
t= Smaller time intervalin hrs. within a storm duration of T hour

c) According to IRC SP-13 Time of concentration is computed as :

𝑡_𝑐=[(𝐿^3/𝐻∗0.87)]^0.385

tc = the concentration time in hours

L= the distance from the critical point to the structure in km
H = the fall in level from the critical point to the structure in m.

Calculations as per Rationale Method

𝑄=0.028∗𝑃∗𝐴∗𝐼_𝑐

Total catchment area (A) as per Bhuvan ( ISRO Portal ) = 13.433 Sq. km.

Cofficient of Runoff ( P ) for lightly vegetative cover as per IRC = 0.70

SP : 13
24 Hour maximum rainfall (cm) as per CWC Report 24 Cm
Rational % of 24 Hours Rainfall to Shorter Duration Rainfall 39%
1 Hour maximum rainfall (cm) = 9.36 Cm

= 5.919 Km
Distance from the critical point to the structure in km (L)
= 33.00 m
Fall in level from the critical point to the structure in m (H)

= 1.92 Hrs
The concentration time in hours (tc) (5.919^3/33*0.87)^0.385

Critical intensity of rain fall in cm/hr is = 6.40 Cm/hr

(9.36/1)*((1+1))/(1.92+1)

Discharge (Peak run-off) in cum/sec (Q2) = 168.60 Cum/s

3) MANNING'S FORMULA

According to IRC SP-13, For uniform flow in open channel for a given section discharge is given by
Manning's Formula

Q= (1/n)*A*R(2/3)*S(1/2)
and
V= (1/n)*R(2/3)*S(1/2)

where,

Q= Discharge in cumec
V= mean velocity in m/sec
n= Manning's roughness cofficient
R=Hydraullic radius in m which is area of flow cross section devided by wetted perimeter
S= Energy slope of the channel
A= area of flow cross-section in m2
n= Manning's roughness cofficient

Calculations as per MANNING'S FORMULA

As Per IRC SP : 13, 2004 for estimating the canal cross section at least three cross-sections should be
taken, namely, one at the selected site, one upstream and another downstream of the site.

Slope of Channel = 1 in 169.00

Calculation for Slope of Channel

U/S l Level 514.701 m
D/S Final Level 512.806 m
Difference 1.895 m
Total Length 320 m
Natural Slope 169 m

= 0.04
n1= Manning's roughness cofficient for some
weeds and stones as per IRC SP :13

DISCHARGE CALCULATION

Discharge
Cross Section Wetted Wetted Hydraullic Velocity (V)
(Q3)
Side Area (A) Perimeter (P) Radius (R=A/P) (m/sec)
(Cum/sec)
At D/S 46.164 29.374 1.57 2.60 120.00
At Centre 25.705 28.291 0.91 1.80 46.37
At U/S 42.967 29.020 1.48 2.50 107.34

= 91.238
Q3 = Design Discharge as Per Mannings Formula Cum/s
Summary and Design Discharge

The design discharge is taken as highest of the discharges obtained from various methods. However the general
condition laid down in IRC SP-13, 2004, Cl. 6.2 has been used to fix the design discharge that is if the discharge
obtained by one method is greater than 1.5 times the discharge obtained from the other, the discharge should be
limited to 1.5 times of the smaller one. Following are the design discharge of various bridges under consideration

1) Dicknes formula ( Q1 ) = 84.200 Cum/s

2) Rational formula ( Q2 ) = 168.600 Cum/s
3) Manning's Formula ( Q3 ) = 91.238 Cum/s
Design Discharge ( Qd ) = 136.858 Cum/s
Calculation of Stage - Discharge Curve

Stage Discharge Curve

Hydraullic Discharge
Elevation Wetted Area Wetted Velocity (V)
Radius (Q3)
in m (A) Perimeter (P) (m/sec)
(R=A/P) (Cum/sec)

513.766 0.000 30.360 0.000 0.000 0.000

514.946 33.040 30.360 1.088 2.035 67.225
516.126 66.080 32.720 2.020 3.073 203.035
517.306 99.120 35.080 2.826 3.844 380.971

ELEVATION
STAGE DISCHARGE CURVE
450.00
400.00
350.00
300.00
DISCHARGE

250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
513.77 514.95 516.13 517.31
Discharge 0.00 67.22 203.04 380.97

Fig (i) - Stage Discharge Curve

 Calculation of Water Depth/HFL For Design Discharge

Design Discharge ( Qd ) = 136.858 Cum/s

HFL as per Design Discharge from Fig (i) = 515.551 m

Velocity of water 2.57 m/s
Free board as per Table 12.1 IRC SP : 13, 2004 = 0.900 m

Unobstructed waterway C Q^0.5 = 56.153 m

Obstructed waterway = 28 m

h = 1.1589 m

HFL with Afflux = 516.71 m

Free board as per Table 12.1 IRC SP : 13, 2004 = 0.900 m

Minimum Soffit level required (HFL+Free = 517.610 m

board) as per design

Soffit level provided = 518.524 m

Minimum Soffit level required (HFL+Free board) = 517.610 m

Hence OK

As the foundation has been founded over rocky strata. Hence no need for calculating scour depth.
 ANNEXURE-1

CATCHMENT AREA DETAIL

Location of bridge : 108+935

108+935 13.433 Sq kms
Basin : Others
Sub basin : Lower Narmada & Tapi
Type of Structure : MNB(2x14.0) RCC Box Type

CATCHMENT AREA AS PER BHUVAN (ISRO PORTAL)

DISTANCE FROM STRUCTURE TO CRITICAL POINT AS PER BHUVAN (ISRO PORTAL)

 ANNEXURE-2

WATER CHANNEL CROSS SECTION

 ANNEXURE-3

SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

LHS

RHS