ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Before going into the report, we would sincerely like to thank and acknowledge
the following people for their assistance, guidance and support throughout the
duration of this Vocational Training.

First of all, we would like to thank General Manager (HR) Subhasis Ray,
department of W.P.D.C.L., Bidyut Unnayan Bhavan and Bakreshwar Thermal
power project for providing me the opportunity to do the vocational training at
their thermal power plant.

We are highly thankful to all the officers of the Bakreshwar Thermal Power
Plant who gave us kind attention and shared their valuable experiences and time
with us during this time period .In this training, we also got the opportunity to
understand the process and overall view of power generation which will help us
greatly in the future.

SOUMYAJIT SINGHA

SAMRIDDHA SHIL

TANAY PAUL
 CONTENTS
• OBJECTIVES

• INTRODUCTION

• OVERVIEW ON THERMAL POWER PLANT

• MECHANICAL SYSTEM

• Auxiliary circulating water

• C.W. system

• DMCW(TG Aux.)system

• Main Condensate System

• Deaerator initial filling (using CTP)

• Boiler and system cycle

• Steam Turbine

• I.D. fan

• F.D. fan

• Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP)

• SCAPH Charging

• Boiler Feed Pump

• Booster pump

• Self Aux. steam for BAS system

• Self Aux. steam for TAS system

• ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

• AUXILIARY SYSTEM

• COAL HANDLING SYSTEM

• ASH HANDLING SYSTEM

• CONCLUSION

• BIBLIOGRAPHY
 OBJECTIVES

The objective of his project is to have a clear perception and knowledge on how
the WBPDCL meets the increasing demand for electric power in our state to
assure a stable electricity supply in west Bengal by means of a Thermal power
plant (BKTPP) with a rated output of 1050 MW (210MW x 5) using domestic
coal produced at a nearby coal field and related transmission facilities at the
village of Mutaberia in the Birbhum District located some 230 km North-East of
Kolkata, thereby ensuring a stable supply of electricity to contribute to the
promotion of industries and the improvement of residents’ lives by
electrification in WB.

In this paper a brief history of BKTPP is presented along with the complete
overview of thermal power station .The boiler , Generator and different
auxiliaries are also discussed in detail. Here is the project has lots of more
information along with this regarding TPS.
 INTRODUCTION

The electric power sector has been considered to be a principle means of

economic development in a succession of India’s five year plans and he priority
of this sector has been consistently high. The Eighth Five year plan(1992-1997)
emphasized public investment in this sector because of its extreme importance
for the sound development of domestic industries and 18.3% of the total budget
was allocated to dealing with the severe power shortage of 8% on a energy basis
and 20% on a peak power basis.

West Bengal experienced a severe power shortage since the 1970’s due to the
insufficient generating capacity, low operating rate of thermal power plants and
high transmission and distribution losses. In 1991, the power supply shortage
was as high as 9%. The resulting frequent long power cuts impeded economic
activities and constituted a factor for the stagnation of industrial activities as the
power demand was expected to steadily increase at an annual rate of approx.
7% , the development of new generating capacity was a vital requirement for
W.B.

This Bakreshwar Thermal Power Plant is the result of this requirement. The
construction of the BkTPP was planned in the mid-1980’s as a thermal power
station located near a coalfield to provide the base load. In view of the overall
situation of WB, the relevance of the project at the time of appraisal was
charged to extremely high.

The BkTPP project consists of 5 nos. 210 MW units designed on the concept of
unit system where a single boiler supplies steam to a single turbine, coupled to a
AC generator connected to the 220KV station BUS for unit #3 and 400KV BUS
for unit #1& 2.

The BHEL make boiler is of single drum, water tube, natural circulation type
with superheaters and re-heaters. The max. continuous evaporation of the boiler
is 700T/H at 155 Kg/ cm2 and 540°c superheater outlet pressure and temp. with
final feed water temp. of 247°c. The reheated steam conditions are 34 kg/cm2
and 540°c, the max. re-heater flow being 570T/H. The water cooled furnace
walls, superheaters,re-heaters and economizers being self contain construction
and are suspended from a supporting structure.
The boiler enclosure is in two parts, the furnace or radiant zone and the rear
pass of convection zone . the four sides of the furnace have membrane type
water cooled walls. The platen super heater is suspended at the exit of the
furnace followed by the final superheater and final re-heater in the gas path.

The feed water enters the drum from the economizer outlet header and from
drum the water flows to the bottom header of furnace water walls through the
down-comers .The water –steam mixture reentering the drum from the water
wall riser tube is delivered inside baffles provided and press down to the water
space through the cyclone separators, while separated steam passes through the
primary scrubbers at the cyclones and the main scrubber before passing through
the saturated steam outlet pipes.

The steam leading the drum passes through steam cooled roof tubes, walls, low
temperature superheaters, platen superheaters and final super heaters and exit
through two main stream lines.

Each boiler is provided with six nos. Mitsui Babcock’s make 10E type
pressured large balls slow speed pulverizer with gravimetric type raw coal
feeders for each coal mills. Six nos. Primary air fans are provided, one for each
pulverizer. The hot air for PA.fan suction is tapped of from air heater air outlet
and a tempering air from FD fan outlet before air heater. Each mill is provided
with one Seal Air Fan which takes suction from atmosphere and supply seal air
to coal mills for sealing system.

Twenty four nos. mill discharge piping, coal nozzles with tilting tangential
firing system, supply the pulverized coal to the four corners of six tires of coal
burners. The tilting arrangement for controlling the steam temperature can tilt
the entire burner assy. It is equipped with Furnace Safe Guard Supervisory
System.

Two nos. constant speed axial flow type Forced Draught Fans and two nos.
Induced Draught Fans are provided to supply the combustion air to exhaust the
flue gases through the chimney. The secondary air from the wind box enters the
furnace around the burners through Secondary Air Control Dampers.

The flue gas leaving the economizer enters the stationary tubular air heaters.
Heated air outlet supplies the secondary as well as primary air fans.

All the five turbines of five units are of Fuji make 210MW turbine which are
condensing, tandem compound, three cylinders, reaction type, reheat,
regenerative machine. The steam after expanding 23 stages of HP turbine is
reheated in the Reheat of the boiler and return to the IP turbine through the
IPSV and IPCV. Then the reheat steam after expanding through 17 stages of IP
turbine and 8 double flow stages of LP turbine is exhausted to the twin surface
condenser welded directly to the exhaust part of LPT.

The rated output of BHEL made generator is 210MW (With 150% overload
capacity) with main steam parameters before entering in the turbine being
149kg/cm2.There are A.C. and D.C.JACKING OIL PUMPS for lifting the shaft
of the turbine while starting the turbine from stationary condensers.

The regenerative feed water heating is affected by heating the condensate in

ejectors, one no. gland steam cooler, three LP heaters, Deaerators and two HP
heaters .The condenser cooling water system is a close cycle. Three no.50%
capacity cw pumps of 15000m3/hr. capacity provided per unit take suction
common CW basin and supply water to the twin condensers of each units. The
hot return water taken to cooling tower of the unit consisting of eight no. of
cells. After being cooled in the ID type cooling tower, the water is returned to
the cooling tower basin. To make up the drift and evaporation losses clarified
water is supplied from the clariflocculator outlet .Intake pumps are providing in
the intake pump house located on the bank of river Mayurakshi for supply of
raw water for nine months and rest three months from Bakreshwar dam. A
closed circle DM water system has been envisaged for supplying cooling water
to the bearings, oil coolers, etc.

The fly ash is collected by the Electrostatic Precipitator located in the flue gas
path. The bottom ash is collected in the water in pounded hopper located at the
bottom of the furnace. The fly ash removal is done by hydro pneumatic system
with the help of air separator, hydro exhauster, and the dust extraction valves.
The bottom ash is removed by hydro pneumatic system.

Coal handling plant meets the coal requirement of the three unit about
8000tonnes per day.Wagon tripplers unloads the coal in the box wagon and
BOBR wagons are unloaded at track hopper.

Diesel generating sets(1.25MVA each) have been provided in supply 415volt

power to all three units for survival power through emergency BUS. For
evacuation of 400 KV power Jeerat and Arambagh feeders have been
provided.For220KV power evacuations Gokarna, Bidhannagar have double
circuit feeders.