CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY

CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS
Module 9

CHILDREN’S GRACE OF MARY TUTORIAL AND LEARNING CENTER, INC.

 DUMADAG SUBDIVISION, NEW CARMEN, TACURONG CITY
CONTACT NUMBER: 0977-804-5567

MATHEMATICS

Name: _______________________________________________________ Score: __________

MODULE: 9

LESSON 1: Systems of Linear Equations and Their Solutions

Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to:

a.) illustrate a system of linear equation in two variables; and

b.) determine if an ordered pair is a solution to the system of equation.

What I know.

Complete the table.

x y=7–x
y=7–x
–1 8 = 7 – (-1)
0 =8

1
2s

What you need to know.

Three Methods for Finding the Solution of a System of Two Linear Equations in Two Variables:

1. The Graphing Method

2. The Substitution Method
3. The Elimination Method

Definition:

A system of linear equation is a set of two or more linear equations that have variables in common.
A pair of equations of the form,
a 1 x+ b1 y=c 1 and (a 1 , b1 not both 0)
a 2 x+ b2 y=c 2 (a 2 , b2 not both 0)
is called a system of linear equations in two variables.

Examp
 Form a system of linear equations that describes each problem below.

a. The sum of two numbers is 5. Twice the first number plus thrice the second number is twelve.

Solution:

Let x represent the first number and y the second number.

Translate each sentence to an equation.

Sentence in the Problem: Translation:

The sum of two numbers is 5. x+y=5 Equation 1

Twice the first number plus

thrice the second number is 12. 2x + 3y = 12 Equation 2

Together, the two equations form a system of linear equations that describes the problem.

x+y=5 Eq. 1
2x + 3y = 12 Eq. 2

See page 167 for some example.

Solution
A solution of a system of equations is an ordered set of numbers that makes all equations in the system true.

In example above, x = 3 and y = 2 make both equations true, so they form a solution to a given system. We can
check by substituting the values in each equation.

Equation 1: x + y = 5 Equation 2: 2x + 3y = 12
3+2=5 2(3) + 3(2) = 12
5 = 5 True 6 + 6 = 12
12 = 12 True

Procedure in Checking Solutions to a System of Linear Equations

To verify or check solutions to a system of linear equations:

1. replace each variable in each equation with its corresponding value and
2. verify if each equation is true.

Examp

Determine whether each ordered pair (0, 4), (4, 8), or (2, 3) is a solution to the system of equations
 x + 2y = 8
5x – 2y = 4

Solution:
In both equations, replace x with 0 and y with 4.
x + 2y = 8 5x – 2y = 4
0 + 2(4) = 8 5(0) – 2(4) = 4
0+8=8 0–8=4
8 = 8 TRUE –8 = 4 FALSE
Because (0,4) does not satisfy both equations, it is not a solution of the given system of linear equations.

Substitute 4 for x and 8 for y in both equation.

x + 2y = 8 5x – 2y = 4
4 + 2(8) = 8 5(4) – 2(8) = 4
4 + 16 = 8 20 – 16 = 4
20 = 8 FALSE 4 = 4 TRUE
Thus, (4,8) is not a solution of the system equation.

Substitute 2 for x and 3 for y in both equation.

x + 2y = 8 5x – 2y = 4
2 + 2(3) = 8 5(2) – 2(3) = 4
2+6=8 10 – 6 = 4
8 = 8 TRUE 4 = 4 TRUE
Thus, (2,3) is a solution of the system equation.

See page 168 -169 for more examples.

What I have learned.

Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution to the system of linear equations
2x + 5y = 20
3x – 4y = 7.

a. (5, 0)

b. (3, 2)

c. (5, 2)

What I can bring home.

Answer page 171, Practice and Application, Test II (10 - 15).

LESSON 2: Solving Linear Equations

Lesson Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to

a. graph a system of linear equations in two variables;

b. categorize when a given system of a linear equations in two variables has graphs that are parallel, intersecting, and
 coinciding;
c. solve a system of linear equations in two variables by (a) graphing; (b) substitutions; (c) elimination; and
d. solve problems involving systems of linear equations in two variables.

What I know.

Graph the following system of linear equations.

x+y=7
3x – y = 1

Use the ordered pairs given in the table.

x+y=7 3x – y = 1

x 0 1 2 x 0 1 2
y 7 6 5 y -1 2 5

What you need to know.

Definition
Consistent – a system of linear equations that has at least one solution.
Inconsistent – a system of linear equations that does not have a solution.
Dependent – a system that has an infinite number of solutions.
Independent – a system that has exactly one solution.

The table below summarizes the

possible solutions to
systems of linear equation.
 Procedure:

Example
Classify the system as Consistent and Independent, Inconsistent and Independent, or Consistent and
Dependent.

a. 2x = 8 – 3y
2x + y = 6
Solution:
First, rewrite each in standard form (ax + by = c):
. 2x = 8 – 3y 2x + 3y = 8
2x + y = 6 2x + y = 6

2 3
and then note that ≠ .
2 1

Hence, the system has only one solution and therefore is consistent and independent.

b. x = 4y + 7
12y = 3x – 11

Solution:
We first rewrite each in standard form:
x – 4y = 7
3x – 12y = 11

1 −4 27
And then note that = ≠
3 −12 11
 1 1 27
= ≠ .
3 3 11

Hence, the system has no solution and therefore is inconsistent.

c. 5x = 15 – 5y
4x + 4y = 12

Solution:
We first rewrite each in standard form:
5x + 5y = 15 x+y=3
4x + 4y = 12 x+y=3

1 1 3
and note that = = .
1 1 3

Hence, the system has an infinite number of solutions and therefore is consistent and dependent.

Solving Linear Systems Graphically

Steps in solving linear system graphically:
1. Graph each equation.
If the lines intersect at a single point, then the coordinates of that point form the solution. (A consistent system
with independent equations.)
If the lines are parallel, then there is no solution.
If the lines are identical, then there is an infinite number of solutions. (A consistent system with dependent
equations.)

2. Check the solution in both equations.

Examp

Solve the system graphically. x–y=3

x+y=5
Solution:

See more examples on page 178 –

179.

What I have learned.

Classify the system as Consistent and Independent, Inconsistent and Independent, or Consistent and
Dependent.

a. x – 3y = 8 b. 2x = 8 – 2y c. 3x + 4y = 7
2x – 6y = 5 5x = 20 – 5y 2x – 3y = 5
What I can bring home.
Answer Practice and Application, test II ( 13 and 14) on page 188. Use graphing paper.