Science

●What are halogens?

The halogens are a group in the periodic table consisting of five chemically
related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and astatine (At). The
artificially created element 117, Tennessee (Ts), may also be a halogen. In the
modern IUPAC nomenclature, this group is known as group 17.

The group of halogens is the only periodic table group that contains elements in three of the
main states of matter at standard temperature and pressure. All of the halogens form acids when
bonded to hydrogen. Most halogens are typically produced from minerals or salts. The middle
halogens—chlorine, bromine, and iodine—are often used as disinfectants. Organ bromides are the
most important class of flame retardants, while elemental halogens are dangerous and can be
lethally toxic.

●What are noble gases?

Noble gas, any of the seven chemical elements that make up Group 18 (VIIIa) of the periodic table.
The elements are helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn),
and oganesson (Og). The noble gases are colorless, odorless, tasteless, nonflammable gases. They
traditionally have been labeled Group 0 in the periodic table because for decades after their
discovery it was believed that they could not bond to other atoms; that is, that their atoms could
not combine with those of other elements to form chemical compounds. 

●What is hydrogen?
Alkali metals are the chemical elements found in Group 1 of the periodic table. The alkali
metals include: lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium. Although often
listed in Group 1 due to its electronic configuration, hydrogen is not technically an alkali metal
since it rarely exhibits similar behavior. The word "alkali" received its name from the Arabic
word "al quail," meaning "from ashes", which since these elements react with water to form
hydroxide ions, creating alkaline solutions (pH>7).