QUIZZES QUIZZ MOD 3, 4 AND 5

1. RA 9418 "Volunteer Act" to provide a 1. Equality and social equity refers to one
policy framework on volunteerism that and the same state of being.
shall underscore the fundamental FALSE
principles necessary to harness. 2. Continuing "identity crisis" leads to shifts
TRUE in global politics, economics and other
2. One of the goals in Public Administration socially relevant trends of management
is to promote social justice and equity and governance.
TRUE FALSE
3. Public Administration uses politics over 3. For public governance to be effective, it
management in implementing public must be relevant to the needs of the
policies. administrators.
FALSE FALSE
4. Frederick Taylor espouses the 14 4. Peoples' active participation in
principles of management governance is required to attain equality,
FALSE social justice, rule of law and people
5. One principle of management is that empowerment.
"working smarter is better than working TRUE
harder" 5. For effective and good governance,
TRUE citizens only need to select and change
6. Piece rate incentive system of Taylorism their leaders.
is that a worker will be paid by FALSE
minimizing the number of movements in 6. Governance can be defined as a system
relation to the time involve to accomplish by which entities are directed and
a task. controlled.
TRUE TRUE
7. The 3 areas of focus of Fayolism is Task 7. The three (3) major branches of the
Performance, Supervision and Philippine government is the Local
Motivation Government, Executive and Judiciary.
FALSE FALSE
8. Leonard White wrote in his book about 8. Public affairs deal with the system,
the Division of Work, cooperation with processes, and dynamics of the
Workers and Motivation. management, operation or
FALSE administration of the affairs of the state.
9. William F. Willoughby, outlined FALSE
developments that led to the creation of 9. Abraham Maslow outlined developments
a modern budget system or budget that led to the creation of a modern
reformation. budget system or budget reformation.
TRUE FALSE
10. Herbert Simon was known for the 10. Which of the choices are NOT among
concept of bounded rationality and the meaning of the acronym
group dynamics? POSDORB?
FALSE Surveillance and Classifying
11. Bounded rationality is a decision
making procedure made by Herbert
22. Dispute of illegal dismissal from work
Simon. The second stage is design
without due process maybe filed by an
which involves
employee in the business sector to.
Decide on the criteria by which
National Labor Relations
to make the decision
Commission
12. What is the meaning of the acronym
23. It refers to a law which grants local units
GOCC?
wider space for participatory governance
Government Owned and
RA 7160
Controlled Corporations
24. It is constitutionally established under
13. It is an art of governance understood as
Art. 13 which looks into possible
the administrative machinery of the state
violations of the human rights of a
Civil Service
citizen
14. The following statements defines Civil
Commission on Human Rights
Service except:
Develop the democratic means
that will enable the
bureaucracy to fulfill its
mission
15. It is generally allowed but not in the
case of the President, as Head of the
State, and the Vice President whose
term of office is six (6)years.
Re-election
16. The Philippines as a democratic-
republican state operates under a
Representative Government
17. The powers of government on the three
(3) branches of government is vested on
the
Constitution
18. The basic power of government is
embraced by this rule among the three
branches of the government
Separation of Powers
19. To prevent abuses and unbridled
discretion of a branch of government,
this mechanism is provided in the
Constitution.
Legal Entity
20. One of them is non-Constitutional
body/commission
Local Government
21. It is an administrative tribunal where
aggrieved citizens may file instant
complaints to seek redress of grievance
Quasi-judicial body
MODULE 1 & 2
Setting goals in Public Administration:
Public Administration (PA) Pursuing public good
Ensuring efficiency and effective
Deals with the system, processes, and
delivery of a public service
dynamics of the management, operation
Improving the quality of life
or administration of the affairs of the
Promoting social justice and equity
state, which include the entire gamut of
Transparency
government service in the national and
Accountability
sub-national politics, including but not
Accessibility along the way in the
limited to government officials and public
business of public service
employees.
Public Servants:
Legislation
Fields of Public Administration
Budget monitoring to statistical data
1. Local and Regional Governance and analysis
Administration. Policy construction
It refers to the institutions around local Implementation of government programs
government engage in the design and to program assessment and
implementation of political, economic recommendation
policy like business elites, community
leaders, development cooperatives,
training and enterprise councils, and Social Responsibility
voluntary groups.
Social responsibility means that
2. Fiscal Administration
businesses, in addition to maximizing
It generally refers to the formulation,
shareholder value, must act in a manner that
implementation and evaluation of
benefits society. However, critics argue that the
policies and decisions.
basic nature of business does not consider
3. Public Policy Analysis and Program
society as a stakeholder.
Administration
It can be defined as what the
government chooses to do or not to do
in a particular issue or program that
includes the administration of the
following processes
4. Organizational and Personnel
Management
It refers to the creation of an
environment that hastens the
improvement of individuals and their
organization to provide better public
service.

MODULE 3: Origin and Development of
Public Administration
Frederick W. Taylor
Father of Scientific Management. He
advocated the Taylorian principles such
as: division of labor, span of control,
organizational hierarchy, reporting
systems, departmentalization, and
development of standard operating
rules, policies and procedures.
Henry Fayol
He focused on the general theory of
management
Leonard White
He noted the four critical assumptions
that shaped the framework for the study
of Public Administration.
William F. Willoughby
He outlined developments that led to the
creation of a modern budget system or
budget reformation.
One neoclassical proponent of Public
Administration is Herbert Simon
Herbert Simon
known for the concept of bounded
rationality and his model of
administrative man who maximizes.
Elton Mayo
Conducted studies in group dynamics.
Chester Barnard and Abraham Maslow
P resented a more comprehensive
theory of organizational behavior where
he wrote the functions of executives.
Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick
Edited A Collection: Papers on the
Science of Administration where
introduced the acronym PODSCORB.
MODULE 4: Towards the Modern Public
Administration and Good Governance
That “identity crisis” served as the theme
that leads to the emergence of New
Public Administration (NPA).
Social equity has been added to the
classic definition of PA.
Hence, equity has been defined as
“equality among equals and inequality
among unequals.”
- In short, social equity is understood as the
just distribution of services, opportunities,
income and wealth for the benefit of the
underprivileged people to the widest range of
coverage at the local levels.
Following the NPA is the era of New Public
Management (NPM) which is a political creed
that redefines the role of the public sector
toward a more effective and cooperative
responsibility with the business and the public
sector in a state.
This refers to the new management
techniques of the government through
transferring the government functions to
the private bodies.
Enticing business sector to partake the
nature of governance gives them more room
for effective and democratic market
competitions while the state at the same time
develops new modes of regulation like the
function of oversight body as regards the
functioning of the business in the markets,
professionalizing the bureaucracy or extending
more authority to judicial branch.
 The Philippine Experience:
A. Pro-Marcos Era.
The investiture of Corazon C. Aquino as
President ushered in a new era of
governance. One of the strategies was
de-Marcosification, one of which is the
privatization of expensive but non-
performing assets of government or
some Government-Owned and
Controlled Corporations(GOCCs).
B. Privatization in 1990s.
It started with the power sector and later
the Build-Transfer-Operate Scheme.
The facility is owned by the state but is
operated by the private sector.
C. Privatization in 2000s.
Collaboration with the private sector in
the provision of housing services, health
services, postal, and pension funds.
MODULE 5: Profiling the Philippine
Administrative System
The Constitution provides a mechanism of
check and balance to prevent abuses and
unbridled discretion of a branch of government.
Local Government Framework
Widely recognized as general purpose
units created by the national
government. They represent vital
constituent parts of the nation’s politico-
administrative system and play
significant role in the administration of
public services.
Constitutional Commissions
The Civil Service Commission CSC
manages government personnel which
embrace all branches, subdivisions,
instrumentalities and any agencies of
the government, including government
owned and controlled corporations
(GOCCs) with original charters. The
CSC maintains an effective, efficient and
accountable civil bureaucracy.
The COMELEC is commissioned to guarantee
free, orderly, honest, quiet and believable
elections including plebiscite, initiative,
referendum and recall through the enforcement
of the related organic laws. It can also
recommend to Congress effective measures to
minimize election spending.
The COA is the national accounting office of
the government that keeps the general account
and government expenditures. It has exclusive
authority to define the scope of its audit and
examination, establish the techniques and
methods required thereof, and promulgate
accounting and auditing rules and regulations.
National and Local Government Relations
The national government promulgates
general laws, sets policies and carries
out rules and regulations. The Local
Government Code instituted an system
of decentralization and deconcentrated
field offices to the political subdivisions
of the state.
Under the Local Government Code,
LGUs have the power to create their
own sources of revenues and to levy
taxes, fees and charges, subject to such
 guidelines, which may accrue
exclusively for their use and disposition
and which may be retained by them
aside from a just share in the national
taxes which is automatically released to
them.
The Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG) assists the
President and acts as the coordinating
and central body in overseeing that their
functions and powers are properly
discharged according to the mandates
of the Code.
Quasi-judicial Bodies
Are administrative tribunals where
aggrieved citizens may file their
instant complaints as a way to seek
redress of grievance.
The Constitution assures adequate
legal assistance through the Public
Attorney’s Office (PAO) in favor of a
potential complainant and / or
qualified respondent of the case.
Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs)
NGOs came in large number during the
Aquino presidency as a call for effective
governance towards nation-building.
NGOs were charitable institutions
serving and the arms of local church
parishes to aid the poor and
underprivileged sector.
Citizens’ Participation
Under the 1987 Constitution, the power
to make, propose, or amend laws is also
extended to the people, in whom
sovereignty resides, through the
mechanisms of initiative and
referendum.
By initiative, we mean that the authority
is reserved to the people through direct
participation of the electorate in
lawmaking processes either in national
or local level.
By referendum, it means the process
with which the people are referred
directly on any question of law passed
by Congress or a local legislative body
for their approval or rejection.
Management and Good Governance
Traditionally, the public sector delivered
services by utilizing its government
agencies to disperse public goods and
services.
This is relatively new integrated
approach for enhancing the value of
services offered to the public.
Contracting Out Services
As part of the reengineering effort in the
1990s, public administration in the
Philippines started to contract out
services like public works and highways.
The DPWH is perceived to be a corrupt-
prone agency because of sub-standard
materials used for constructing public
facilities, thus, receiving a lot of criticism
from concerned sectors of the society.
A call for strong performance indicators
and result-based oriented services
emerges as a challenge for the
government to institute earnest reforms.
MODULE 6: Nature and Thrust of
Bureaucracy
Civil servants are those who work inside the
government and are engaged in shaping or
more commonly in executing government
The term “bureaucracy” has been understood
services.
in a variety of contexts, the most popular
meaning it evokes is that it is attached to
bureaucratic organizations.
Organization of Bureaucracy
Department
Bureaucracy
They pursue the traditional tasks of
As art of art of governance is government like finance, defense, law
understood as the administrative and order, social welfare, foreign affairs
machinery of the state: staffed by public and many more.
officials (rank) and civil servants (file).
Divisions
It is ideally an organizational structure
with a rationalized system mandated to Responsible to ministers but often with
bring about efficiency and effectiveness considerable autonomy in practice.
in the achievement of a policy goal or in Known as the powerhouses of the
administering provisions of social departments where expertise resides
services to the people. and in which detailed policy is both
formulated and implemented.
Non-Departmental Public Body
Bureaucracy as a Civil Service
It is sometimes called the quasi-
Bureaucracy is also known as the civil
autonomous nongovernmental
service working in operation of the
organizations or QUANGOs.
permanent government.
These detached organizations combine
The duty of a bureaucrat is to bring into
public funding with operational
practice policy guidelines or designed
autonomy. They are growing in numbers
models into concrete and workable
and in significance in modern political
cases
systems.
The civil service or bureaucracy is a
major institution in democratic
governance.
Staffing Bureaucracy in a Highly Developed
State
Bureaucracy as a civil service means the In the Philippines, civil servants are
public administration in action in the field of determined based on merits and fitness
public sector. that the entry to the civil service is
determined by competitive civil service
eligibility examination.
Public sector covers all government The Civil service refers to the body of
employees whose salary and compensation employees in any government agency
are paid directly or indirectly from public funds including all employees of the
government in general.

Some Issues and Concerns in the
Philippine Civil Service
To tackle accountability, there are
existing laws to address their conduct
with sanctions to erring members.
Reforming the civil service is a
continuing effort so that public service
may come and reach the people just the
way they are expected to do.
Reorganizing the Bureaucracy
The idea of the national government in
the recent past to reorganize the civil
service is to give an appropriate
structure that is “compartmentalized,
decentralized and devolved.
Their objectives were to streamline the
structure of the bureaucracy, simplify its
operations and improve frontline
services.
Despite efforts to streamline the
government and accelerate the
privatization program, the bureaucracy
remains large.
The number of government positions
was so big and the government
corporations continue to utilize public
resources through subsidies, which
constitute half of the annual budgetary
deficit of the national government.
On the whole, the Civil Service has
become more professional, if one goes
by the rate of compliance with standards
and qualifications.
Overall, the civil Service is measured as
to how efficient it has been in the
delivery of line services to the public.
The Civil Service should look at
rationalizing the distribution or dispersal
of national government personnel to
local government units or field agencies
where more services are needed to be
delivered, with more frontline than staff
positions.
As what Sto. Tomas noted, “attracting
good people to join government is one
thing; putting them on the right track in
the public service career is another. A
need therefore for imbuing them with the
proper philosophy as public servants,
the proper mind-set is crucial.
Orientation courses for entrants to the
public services are a standard feature of
bureaucracies everywhere.”

The Attrition Law: Rightsizing the

Bureaucracy
Contrary to popular belief, the Civil
Service is not bloated or oversized. In
fact, compared to the bureaucracies in
many countries, its size, like the ratio of
our government revenues and
expenditures to the GNP, is on the low
side.

MODULE 7: Engineering Local
Governments and NGOs Towards Good
Governance
Local governments are established
consistent with the principles of
decentralization.
Local officials know best the needs and
interests of local population.
They come to exist as administrative
convenience to the state creating them
particularly in delegating administrative
functions to field offices making them
more accountable to the people and
promoting better and effective delivery
of social and welfare services.
Local governments are effective
partners of the central or national
government. The closer the people to
the government, the better the
governance would become.
Local governments boost the civil
morale of the population.
They provide a clear understanding of
the relationships between the desired
project objectives and resources
available to implement them.
Nature of Local Governments
Local governments in the Philippines are
territorial subdivisions of the state which are
the provinces, cities, municipalities and
barangays.
3 ways in which political powers from
the central government can be
dispersed to the local governments to
wit: decentralization, devolution, and
de-concentration.
In the Philippines, RA 7160, known as
the Local Government Code of 1991,
became the legal instrument that
strengthened the spirit of democracy,
and attain the highest possible level of
development at the local levels.
Local Government Code
Provides for much greater powers and
responsibilities by which local governments
may come up with different programs and
activities fashioned to uphold the general
welfare of the people.
Decentralization is adopted and applied as a
tool of development administration for the
following reasons:
a. It enables maximum participation
of the people concerned in the
decision-making processes on
issues that concern them directly.
b. Lower levels of government are
encouraged and trained to be
more self-reliant through
decentralization.
c. It hastens the decision-making
process, doing away with
traditional red tape; and
d. Decentralization decongests the
central government of certain
functions that could well be done
at the lower levels.
Decentralization
May be defined as the dispersal of
authority and responsibility and the allocation
of powers and functions from the center or top
level of government to regional bodies or
special-purpose authorities, or from the
national to the sub-national levels of
government.
It can also take the form of devolution or
political decentralization
It involves the granting of authority and
power to the provincial, city and
municipal governments to manage their
 own affairs, which process partakes of
the nature of what is commonly referred
to as local autonomy.
De-concentration/administrative
decentralization
Which is the delegation of authority by a
central government ministry or department to
field offices to undertake certain programs or
perform administrative functions.
De-concentration
May also refer to the assignment of
functions to ad hoc bodies and special
authorities created in the region to render
technical assistance on regional development.
It also implies to the location of central
government employees away from the capital
region.
Administrative decentralization
Can take effect without the necessity of
legislation, just with the issuance of an
executive or administrative order.
Devolution
Which essentially is the transfer of
power for the performance of certain functions
from the national or central authorities to the
lower levels of government.
Devolution is the transfer of political
power and authority from the central
national government to local
government units of a state.
Implementation of the Local Government
Code of 1991
a. the capabilities of local units to
absorb the necessary
responsibilities and raise
resources
b. the fear among many sectors that
devolution will create local
warlords
c. the fragmentation of the delivery
of basic services.
Under the Code, LGUs have the power to
create their own sources of revenues and to
levy taxes, fees and charges, subject to such
guidelines, which may accrue exclusively for
their use and disposition and which may be
retained by them.
To ensure that local units conform to these
powers, they continue to be under the general
supervision of the President.
Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG) acts as the coordinating and central
body in overseeing that their functions and
powers are properly discharged according to
the mandates of the Code.
Local Autonomy in the Philippines
The concept of local autonomy is related
to the general idea of decentralization.
Local autonomy is the ability of local
units for self-government. It is a level of
independence granted to local
government units to administer freely
their own local affairs with the view to
address the needs of the people living
therein and at the same time promote
the welfare of the constituency.
Decentralization is a necessary
prerequisite to local autonomy.

Local governments do not possess inherent
natural powers but they only derive
authority:
There must be local officials elected in
the area be it at the provincial, city,
municipal or barangay level.
The area of local autonomy must
possess clearly defined areas of
responsibilities (aor)
The relationship between national and
local government must be specifically
identified and those aspects of major
responsibilities clearly outlined or
delineated; and
The local government engaging certain
degree of self-government must likewise
enjoy fiscal capability in generating local
revenues for its development and
community development.
Philippine Local Government History and
Some Issues
Local government in the Philippines
traces its roots in the tradition of
centralization starting from the Spanish
period (1565-1898) to the American
period (1898-1948).
This tradition of centralization came
when the barangay groups and
sultanate governed entities during the
pre-colonial times, were drawn into the
centralized Spanish colonial
administration.
Enhancement of Powers and
Responsibilities of LGUs
All local government units in the
Philippines exercise the following general
functions and powers:
1. Efficient service delivery;
2. Management of the environment;
3. Economic development; and
4. Poverty alleviation.
Local Governance Innovations for Good
Governance
There are innovations in managing local
governance for a good governance framework,
among them are: local economic development,
improving the quality and delivery of social
services; transparency and accountability;
environmental governance; disaster
preparedness; and conflict management.
The NGOs needed to engage constructively
and strategically rather than reactively and also
outgrow their old role as oppositionists. NGOs
are organized to protect the interests of the
disadvantaged sector of the society.
NGOs perform a variety of service and
humanitarian functions, bring citizen concern
to Governments, advocate and monitor policies
and encourage political participation through
provision of information
People’s Organizations (POs) are those
members of a community who organized
themselves to address common interests and
concerns. POs know each other and are
bounded based in the same locality and by
being affected by the activities they undertake.
Based on the DSWD, people’s
organizations refer to a bona fide
association of citizens, which
demonstrated capacity to promote public
 interest, and with identifiable leadership,
membership, and structure
Many NGOs work to strengthen POs by
providing finances, establishing linkages,
and undertaking advocacy. In addition to
engaging volunteers, NGOs employ staff
members.
MODULE 8: Enhancing Good Government
Through Public Enterprise (Privatization)
and Spatial Information Management (e-
Government)
Private sector
Refers to that part or segment of the
economy not controlled by the state but which
is managed and operated by varying
individuals or business organizations aiming to
gain profit in exchange of goods, use of utilities
/ amenities and other services they
competitively offer in the marketplace.
a profit-oriented organization that sells
competitive goods and services for the
consumers/ beneficiaries.
The role of the private sector in a free
enterprise economy has always been
highly recognized
One acceptable and viable way in
dealing with the private sector is through
privatization. By privatization, we mean
the transfer of the delivery of public
services to the initiative and control of
the private sector.
Public sector
Owns economic resources and
controlled by the government and goods and
services are delivered at uniform rates and
standards.
Global politics and economics
Dictate that the public sector must work
in close coordination or mutual cooperation
with the private sector, private capital that is
cast in the market which has spurred efficiency
in the distribution of public goods and services.
Thrusts and Mandates of Privatization
Whenever a public sector sells out
government-owned corporation to the private
sector, it then becomes a public enterprise
management or a management of innovations.
It is “a form of human activity operated
and managed by the state government
or any public authority.
It is an undertaking where the
investment is owned and controlled by
any government organization whether
national or local.
By selling out of assets to the private
sector would mean the sale of
infrastructure, facilities and other
resources by the government, and other
functions and agencies of the
government corporations would get
divested under the control of the
business groups.
There are numerous reasons why
governments, local or national, go crazy
with privatization
It could be because of the rising costs of
doing business
Because of field or area expertise to
operate a service
Because a privately contracted company
may deliver a service more efficiently
Because the private sector has better
human resource management approach
to employees
The desire” to do with less” made the
public sector an eye for the viability of the
private groups as alternative service
providers.
Privatization
Involves the sale or lease of government
assets like real estates, telecommunications,
public utilities, corporations, and the like to
private sector
Infrastructure service provision
May likewise be contracted out to the
private sector to achieve cost efficiency or the
part of the government. In truism, privatization
may demonstrate substantial monetary savings
to the government.
There are various modalities of
privatization:
1. Contracting-out-services
This is usually done b an
Invitation to Bid (ITB). ITB is an
open market competition among
interested contractors to post the
lowest or highest bid, as the case
may be, that in the process
usually gets the job.
There is another way of
contracting out services like a
Request for Proposal (RFP). This
mechanism works by inviting all
qualified groups to present a
proposal to government that
provides in details how the group
would perform a service.
2. Public-Private Collaboration
A cooperative agreement
between a government and a
private organization
Built-Operate-Transfer (BOT)
scheme where one party builds
an infrastructure like roads or
markets, and the other entity
operates it.
3. Franchising
A franchise is the right of the
government sector, national or
local, to grant a program or
service on an exclusive basis to
private individuals / groups in a
defined locality.
A non-exclusive franchise, could
be extended to some contractors
to supply a service in a
competitive way like several
contractors extending sanitation
services for each district in a city.
4. Load or Asset shedding
When a government sells out a
facility or equipment or simply
discontinues the provision of a
public service, load shedding
then exists.
5. Volunteerism
A local government in some
cases may hand down the
provision of a service to
volunteers to operate a particular
public service.
As what they say, the “use of
volunteers is highest in the
operation of culture and arts,
programs and museum
operations.
When a public service has been assigned to
business contractors, the function of
regulation on the part of the government
becomes increasingly necessary.
Governmental regulations
May set operation standards, limit
business action, restrict property rights, and
affect incomes.
If competition does not exist for the
operation of business, then the benefits of
privatization may be minimized.

Privatization has also its limitations and
problems. The presence of political pressures
could just as easily “tend to retain for the public
sector functions where privatization would
make sense and to privatize tasks that would
be better left to government.”
The operation of the service must first be
analyzed to determine the level of efficiency
and effectiveness of the service when
privatized. The committee then should decide
what is best for the government and for the
community.
Privatization Efforts in the Philippines
In the Philippines, the private sector is
recognized as a business group that
propels national development and
growth.
Laws were legislated or promulgated by
the President himself. It was believed
that the private sector could work as a
better agent for growth.
Towards e-Government
Elsewhere in the world today, public
administrators have embraced
Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) as part of their
governing strategy, aside from using
them in their daily lives.
Computerization and the application of
technology advancement have been
used as well in governance, commerce,
and international relations; and
governments today have become more
accessible to the people.
The emergence of e-Government
Spatial Information Management
stressed that in delivering public goods and
services efficiently or effectively, it is very
important that we will be aided with support
tools enabling the use of all kinds of spatial
data / information which can be processed
immediately and can be transported easily.
New Government and Governance in the
Era of Information and Communication
Technology
Traditionally, the public sector delivered
services by utilizing its government agencies to
disperse public goods and services.
Public administrators nowadays have
embraced technology as part of their daily lives
to improve their performance in allocating
services to the public, with the “global
positioning system” (GPS) in our modern day
gadgets and high speed Internet, it is “hard to
escape the wired landscape of the nation.”
E-governance
A network of organizations that includes
government, nonprofit, and private sector
entities in an effort to expedite and make
efficient transaction that involves the delivery of
public goods and services, with no distinct
boundaries.
Nature and Thrust of e-Government
Refers to the adoption of information
and communication technology and its
application to achieve efficiency of government
management (United Nations).
E-Government
 s also known as e-gov, digital enhancing citizens’ access to
government, online government or government services.
transformational government. These e- Citizens will have better access to public
government and e-service partake several government such as application
kinds of activities upon which services may be requirements, study and employment
delivered to the public. opportunities, policies and regulations.
Well-informed citizens are better able to
hold their governments accountable to
them. Hence, governments are
compelled to improve the quality of
services, expand accessibility of these
Governments have been providing e- services, and increase responsiveness
government policies, applications and tools to to their constituents.
meet the growing needs of their citizens for e-
information, e-services, and e-tools.
Services and information are made available
online without spending time, energy and
money to get it. e-Government helps simplify
processes and makes access to government
information more easily for public sector
agency.

E-Government in the Philippines

The GIPS aims to create a system of
governance that will lead to faster and
better delivery of public goods and
services, greater transparency in
government operations, increase
capabilities of public sector
organizations; and to achieve proactive
participation in governance. In many
countries, Information
Communication Technology (ICT) is
being deployed to make government
more effective, efficient and transparent.
ICT is not only helping make better
governments but also providing citizens
more information on their governments.
Leaders in the e-Government movement
are demonstrating that by combining
technology with new ways of operating,
governments can be much more
effective and responsive to citizens.
In the Philippines, e-Government is a
tool by which limitation of time, distance
and costs are reduced thereby