What is the cause of acceleration?

• What makes an object

at rest begin to move?

• What causes an object

to accelerate ?

• It is a ____________
A Force
 Force
▣ Any kind of ___________
a push a pull
or ____________ on an object.
▣ Instrument - used
______________________.
to measure it: the spring scale

▣ Forces are ________________.

vectors They have ___________
direction

and ___________.
magnitude

▣ The action of several forces may be _____________, combined this

combined action is called ____________________
Net Force

▣ Units for force🡪 ____________

Newton = N
Forces can be placed into two categories:

• Contact forces:
– interacting objects are __________________with
physically in contact

each other.
• Action-at-a-distance forces (field forces):
– objects are __________________from
not in physical contact each other,
but are able to _____a
exart ____________despite
push or pull the
physical ____________.
separartion
 Force of gravity or
Weight. (Fg)
▣ Mass and weight are not
___________________.
the same as mass
Fg

▣ Fg = _______________
mass x g

▣ The weight is measured in

________________.
Newtons

▣ Mass is measured in__________

the amount of matter

_________________
and measured in kilograms

▣ g = ______________
-9.81 m/s^2
 Normal is ________________
perpendicular

Normal Force which means that the force is at

Fn ____________from
90 degrees the
_______________________.
surface

The surface
___________ and the force
make a _________________
right angle

between them.
 Tension Forces
• They are only ________
pulling
T1
Forces and act along the
_________________.
string

• T1 and T2 are both T2

_____________
tension Forces
 • It is present when two
__________
surfaces are
Kinetic _________________.
sliding

Friction Force • Fk = ________

u^k F^2

• μκ 🡪coefficient of
Fk
_____________
kinetic friction

• It is a force ___________
parallel

to the surface, and

• _________________
opposite to
the __________
kinetic motion.
Static ▣ Is a force parallel to the
Friction force ____________________
surface

▣ Can vary from ________

zero to
a ___________
maximum
value
▣ Fs ≤ ______________
u^s F^n

Fs ▣ μs 🡪 coefficient of
static ______________ friction.

▣ This force keeps objects

_________________.
in place
 Air resistance
(air drag)
▣ Objects moving in a 8v
Fr = ____ (when moving slow)
_______ or _____(fluid)
liquid gas or
experience a Fr = ____(when
y v^2 moving fast)
_____________
resistance force. F drag
▣ It is ______________to
opposite

the motion
Fluid
▣ It is affected by the
______________
velocity of the
object and its Fg
_____________
shape .
Example: Draw and label the forces on each block:
A person is pulling a block The block is standing
to the right using a string still (not sliding) on the
attached to it. surface of an incline
 Practice exercise:
Draw the forces acting on the objects for each situation given, all objects are at rest: