“Devices for Connecting Network”

Presented to the

College of Computer Studies

Data Communication And Networking 2

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

by

Apple Mae P. Esquejo

Kenneth T. Estella
OJECTIVES
1. To provide knowledge on how to have reliable network connection by using devices.
2. To gain knowledge on how devices connect through the internet.
3. To gain information on how devices work while connected through a network.

The Executive Summary

 Networking refers to the ability of exchanging ideas and information with groups as well as
individuals that have shared interests, such that long-term relationships are developed for mutual
benefit. In simple words, networking skills are the ability to make contacts through a process that
is two-way. Connecting devices are bridges between the different parts of a document that tie all
of the pieces together into one coherent package. Connecting devices show the reader how
various sections of information are related, and they help keep the reader on track with the flow
of information.

Introduction
 Networking is a form of telecommunication between computers where they exchange data with a
data link. One computer-network everyone is familiar with is the internet. Computer nodes or
hosts are able to excess, create, delete and alter data that is on this network. If a device can
transmit information to another device, they are considered to be networking. Networking utilizes
devices such as switches, modems, routers, gateways, etc.

Analysis
 Network devices /connecting devices connect hosts together to make a network or to connect
networks together to make an internet. Connecting devices can operate in different layers of the
Internet model
 Types of connecting devices
1.  Repeater
2.  Hub
3.  Bridge
4.  Switch
5.  Router/three‐ layer switch
6.  Gateways
7. Modem
8. Access Point
Repeater
 A repeater operates at the physical layer.
 Its job is to regenerate the signal over the same network before the signal becomes  too weak or 
corrupted.
 When the signal becomes weak, it \copies  the signal bit by bit and regenerate it at 
the original strength.
 It is a 2 port device
 A repeater does not have any filtering or routing capability
Hub
 A hub is basically a multiport repeater.
 Hubs are fundamentally used in networks that use twisted pair cabling to connect devices
 They do not have intelligence to find out best path for data packets.

Types of Hub
Active Hub :‐
 These are the hubs which have their own power supply and can clean , boost and relay the signal
along the network. It serves both as a repeater as well as wiring center. These are used to extend
maximum distance between nodes.
Passive Hub :‐
 A passive hub works below the physical layer and it is just a connector. It connects the
buses coming from different branches. In a star topology Ethernet LAN, a passive hub is a
collision point.

Bridge
 A bridge is a computer networking device that builds the connection with the other bridge
networks which use the same protocol.
 A bridge operates at data link layer.
 A bridge is a repeater, with add on functionality of filtering content by reading the MAC
addresses of source and destination.
Types of Bridges
Three types of bridges are used in networks. You don’t need detailed knowledge of how each bridge
works, but you should have an overview:
Transparent bridge—A transparent bridge is invisible to the other devices on the network.
Translational bridge—A translational bridge can convert from one networking system to another.
Source-route bridge—Source-route bridges were designed by IBM for use on Token Ring networks.
Switch
Switches are the linkage points of an Ethernet network. Just as in hub, devices in switches are connected
to them through twisted pair cabling.
 The following methods tells how data transmission takes place via switches:

Cut‐through transmission:
It allows the packets to be forwarded as soon as they are received.

Store and forward

: In this switching environment the entire packet are received and ‘checked’ before being forwarded
ahead.

Fragment Free
: In a fragment free switching environment, a greater part of the packet is examined so that the switch can
determine whether the packet has been caught up in a collision. After the collision status is determined,
the packet is forwarded.
Routers
 A router is a device like a switch that routes data packets based on their IP addresses.
 Router is mainly a Network Layer device.
 Routers normally connect LANs and WANs together and have a dynamically updating routing
table based on which they make decisions on routing the data packets.

Routing tables
 Routing tables play a very vital role in letting the router makes a decision. Thus a routing table is
ought to be updated  and complete. The two ways through which a router can receive information
are:
 Static Routing:
 In static routing, the routing information is fed into the routing tables manually.
 It is a time‐taking task and also gets prone to errors.
 
Dynamic Routing:
 For larger environment dynamic routing proves to be the practical solution.
 The process involves use of peculiar routing protocols to hold communication.

Gateway
 A gateway is a passage to connect two networks together that may work upon different
networking models.
 They basically works as the messenger agents that take data from one system, interpret it, and
transfer it to another system.
Modem
 Modems (modulators-demodulators) are used to transmit digital signals over analog telephone
lines. Thus, digital signals are converted by the modem into analog signals of different
frequencies and transmitted to a modem at the receiving location. 

Access Point
 While an access point (AP) can technically involve either a wired or wireless connection, it
commonly means a wireless device.
 Wireless access points (WAPs) consist of a transmitter and receiver (transceiver) device used to
create a wireless LAN (WLAN). 

Alternatives and decision criteria

 Wireless Network
A wireless network is a computer network that uses wireless data connections between network
nodes.

 Wireless networking is a method by which homes, telecommunications networks and business

installations avoid the costly process of introducing cables into a building, or as a connection
between various equipment locations.

Recommendation and Implementation plans

We prescribe to utilize access point since it can provide web access and furthermore for security reason
and to limit guest access without compromising network security, as well as easily manage users within
your Wi-Fi network.

Conclusion
 Having a solid understanding of the types of network devices available can help you design and
built a network that is secure and serves your organization well. However, to ensure the ongoing
security and availability of your network, you should carefully monitor your network devices and
activity around them, so you can quickly spot hardware issues, configuration issues and attacks.

Citation
 https://www.academia.edu/38465235/CONNECTING_DEVICES
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_network
 https://blog.netwrix.com/2019/01/08/network-devices-explained/