Experiment # 5:

Date: November 18, 2021

Title: Volumetric Analysis

Aim: To standardize a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) by titrating it with a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid
solution, (HCl)

Apparatus/Materials: 50 cm3 burette, 250 cm3 conical flasks, retort stand and clamp, 0.1 moldm-3 HCl,
NaOH solution, phenolphthalein indicator solution, filter funnel, distilled water, 100 cm3 beakers, white
tile, pipette filler, dropping pipette.

Method:

Flasks and beakers were rinsed with distilled water

100 cm3 of acid was carefully poured in a beaker and labelled A. 100 cm 3 of XOH was poured in another
beaker and labelled B

Pipette was rinsed with the hydroxide solution to condition it

The burette was carefully conditioned with a small volume of acid solution and then secured it to the
clamp and retort stand. The funnel was used to fill the burette to the mark.

25 cm 3 of base was pipetted into a conical flask and three drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution
was added (Phenolphthalein in basic medium was fuchsia)

Acid was carefully titrated against base until endpoint was reached. (End point was pale pink). Burette
reading was recorded.

The titration was repeated until values that did not differ by more than 0.1cm 3 were obtained.

TABLE SHOWING THE STANDARDIZED SOLUTION OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE BY TITRATING IT WITH A 0.1
M HYDROCHLORIC ACID SOLUTION

Burette Rough 1 2 3
readings/cm3

Initial volume 0 cm3 21.80 cm3 0 cm3 22.30 cm3

Final volume 21.80 cm3 43.90 cm3 22.30 cm3 44.40 cm3

Volume used 21.80 cm3 21.10 cm3 22.30 cm3 22.10 cm3
Treatment of Results:

1. What is the average volume of acid used?

 The average volume of acid used is calculated with the two closest values from the
table:
 22.30 + 22.10/2
 The average volume of acid is 22.2 cm 3.
2. Calculate the number of moles of HCl in this volume.
 Mol = concentration * volume
 Mol = 0.1dm3 * 22.2cm3
 22.2cm3/1000 = 0.0222dm3
 Mol = 0.1 dm3 * 0.0222dm3
 Mol = 0.0022 mol/dm3

3. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium

hydroxide solution.

 The balanced equation for hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution is
 NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O.
4. From the balanced equation above, determine the mole ratio between HCl and NaOH
 The mole ratio between HCl and NaOH is 1:1
5. Determine the moles of NaOH that reacted with the acid.
 Mol= concentration * volume
 Mol = 0.1 dm3 * 25cm3
 25 cm3/1000 = 0.025 dm3
 Mol = 0.1 dm3 * 0.025 dm3
 Mol = 0.0025 mol/dm3
6. Determine the molar concentration of NaOH.
 Molar concentration = moles/volume
 Molar concentration = 0.0025 mol/dm3/ 0.025 dm3
 Molar concentration = 0.1 dm3

Conclusion:

Sodium hydroxide solution was standardized by titrating it with a 0.1m Hydrochloric acid with an
average volume of 22.20 cm3.