Sinai University Academic Year: 2021/2022

Faculty of Engineering Sciences Year Mechatronics

Mechanical Engineering Department Course: Mechatronics (2)
Lecture: Dr. Ali M. Gaballa Code:ENM5140

Sheet (1) Introduction to Mechatronics

1. Define mechatronics.
2. Draw a block diagram showing the main parts of a mechatronics system. Give the
function of each block.
3. Why to combine Mechanical and electronics?
4. Write down the application areas for the Mechatronics.

Sheet (2) Sensors

1. What is a sensor?
2. Name two static performance characteristics of sensors. Explain what is meant by the
sensors has the following specifications: Range: , Resolution:
and Accuracy: , and sensitivity . List several sensors that are
covered in this chapter that produce an analog output and digital output.
3. What is the difference between a thermocouple and an RTD sensor?
A platinum RTD sensor has a nominal resistance of and a Temperature
factor ( ). Determine the temperature read by the sensor, if the RTD
resistance is .
4. What is a Thermistor? A Thermistor has a specification which includes the following
information: Range: . Material constant: 3000 K. 0 Ω. Determine
the minimum and maximum resistance of the Thermistor.
5. The thermal diode current is given by: [ ( ) ].
a. Explain each of the current terms. Deduce the temperature-voltage relationship.
b. Determine the temperature read by the sensor if the thermal diode voltage is
. Assume ( 0 ). Boltzmann's constant ( ).

6. What is a Hygrometer?
7. What is a Hall-effect theory? What are its applications? Explain using drawing the
principle of operation of a Hall level sensor. Which type of non-contact proximity
sensors can detect only metal objects?

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8. Explain the construction and working of potentiometer sensor and LVDT sensor.
9. You are offered a choice of an incremental encoder and absolute encoder for
measurement of an angular displacement. What is the difference between the results
that can be obtained by these methods? Convert the following Binary code into Gray
code: 1011.
10. Explain the principle of operation of accelerometer. What are the types of
accelerometer sensors?
11. What is a Piezoelectric Effect? Drive the relationship between the pressure and the
output voltage of a piezoelectric sensor.
12. Explain the operation of ultrasonic proximity sensors.

HW:
(1) Explain how distance, angle, velocity, force and acceleration are measured.
(2) Discuss the principle of operation of following: capacitive distance sensors, capacitive
level sensors, and capacitive humidity sensors.
(3) Research and identify the type of sensors used in the following: Robot, and Smart
Home.
(4) Explain any four temperature sensors.