CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This reference, research and materials are took in a research online/computer website

which is close related to our topic. This review of related literature was very helpful gaining and

knowing the other ideas of others existed and already published system in their own

documents, survey and observations etc. Also in this chapter includes the ideas, finished thesis,

generalization or conclusions, methodologies and others. In those that were included this

chapter help familiarizing information that are relevant and similar to the present study.

Local Studies

According to Barangay Management Information System for Cities and Municipalities in the Philippines

is a program which contains features that records and manages information and at the same time can

send documents from barangay hall to the city hall. Barangay Management Information System for San

Carlos City is an online and offline system to keep, process, retrieve and update Barangay and City Hall

information through a secure network interface. It is designed to handle a wide-range of information

relating to barangay profile, constituents profile, barangay clearances, barangay disputes/cases, barangay

activities, and barangay legislation and City Hall’s required reports from the barangay. It covers all the

functions, activities and transactions of the barangay which aims to provide complete and accurate

information for the barangay and city hall management and stakeholders. The study was the solution to

the problems stated and to enhance the quality of service a barangay office offers to its clients (Soriano

et. al, 2018). Computer-based information operates through the use of software that can offer

information services for an institution or organization. It is powerful and convenient builder for

simultaneous growth in society and industries. An information service provides a way to electronically

access, retrieve, and transmit that information.

Furthermore, this serves as an awakening factor for all government offices, from highest to lowest levels,

to be in line with the government’s view of globalization and competitiveness in today’s information age.
(Henczel, n.d.).

In Pasig is offering free online medical consultations to help its residents with their medical needs and

avoid contracting other diseases during an onsite visit to the hospitals. The "Barangay San Antonio

Online Doctor Consultation" project was recently launched to provide free consultation to barangay

residents in the comfort of their homes during the Covid-19 pandemic. Barangay San Antonio is the first

among 30 barangays to provide free online health consultation to its residents. BSA chairman Raymond

Lising said his constituents may avail of the free medical service by just clicking:

http://bit.ly/BSAONLINECONSULTATION or they may also scan the QR code on the barangay’s Facebook

page. Lising said this program will decongest hospitals and health centers and also limit face-to-face

interaction between patients and doctors as an anti-Covid-19 measure. “After accessing the link, our

residents will have to fill out the online form and provide their basic details to book an appointment with

our doctors,” he said. “They will be asked for their preferred time and date of consultation.”

He said the telemedicine service is available every Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, from 10 a.m. to

12 noon. “The BSA health center will contact them through the details they provided -- either through

Facebook or Viber before their schedule. The doctor will call them using the mobile phone of our health

center,” Lising said.

Doctor’s prescriptions will be sent by the barangay also through Messenger or Viber.

The barangay chairman said the safety of their constituents is their primordial concern which prompted

the launching of this project. “Due to the surge of Covid-19 in Metro Manila and the threat posed by the

Delta variant, it is dangerous for our kabarangays to leave their homes because they might catch the

dreaded disease,” he said. Lising said the program will protect doctors as well as their patients from

possible exposure to Covid-19. The in-house doctors of the BSA’s barangay health center will provide free

medical consultation to residents. “To our kabarangays, know that we, at the barangay, are doing

everything to make help very accessible to you during these trying times. For now, the best thing you
could do is to stay at home to save lives,” he said. In April 2020, the Department of Health (DOH) and the

National Privacy Commission (NPC) has developed a framework for telemedicine services in a bid to

improve access to health services during the health crisis. Under the DOH-NPC Joint Memorandum

Circular, medical consultations over the phone, chat, short messaging service (SMS), and other audio and

visual-conferencing platforms are considered telemedicine services in the country.

Healthcare providers conducting these consultations are allowed to issue electronic case reports and

prescriptions. The DOH’s collaboration with the NPC seeks to allay concerns on data privacy and

confidentiality. All DOH-recognized telemedicine providers are registered entities of the NPC. As such,

doctors providing telemedicine services are licensed and certified to provide telemedicine consultations.

In Philippine Medical Association provides free online consultation is offering free online consultation to

help patients in their medical needs amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the Laging Handa Public Briefing last week, the PMA Vice President, Dr Benito Atienza, cited the

importance of online consultation to help patients. He noted that through online consultation, patients

are less likely to contract other infections at hospitals. Aside from teleconsultations (non-physical

contact), doctors can also provide their patients with e-prescriptions. The medical professional advised

the public to visit the Digital Online Consultation for People’s Healthcare (DOCPH) website and follow the

steps upon registration. Clinic hours are from 9:00 AM to 9:00 PM, daily. He also assured that all data

that will be provided is protected by the Data Privacy Act. The PMA official added that their association is

closely working with the Philippine Hospital Association and the Department of Health (DOH), wherein

they also provide referrals to other hospitals that would cater to the needs of consulting patients.

According to DOH, medical consultations over the phone, chat, short messaging service (SMS), and other

audio and visual-conferencing platforms are considered telemedicine services in the country. Healthcare

providers conducting these consultations are allowed to issue electronic case reports and prescriptions.

Launched in April, DOC PHILIPPINES (DOCPH) is a free online consultation facility that primarily aims to

help ease the huge number of patients crowding hospitals/clinics due to the COVID-19 crisis by providing
effective professional telemedicine services nationwide directly to people.

The Mariveles Mental Wellness and General Hospital (MMWGH) is also providing online consultation for

psychological or psychosocial support to Bataan residents.

The Zero Kilometro Bataan COVID-19 Response will prioritise health workers during its pilot launching as

they are more prone to stress and anxiety during this crisis, OpenGov reported earlier. Clients can seek

psychological or mental health assistance by messaging the social media platform and after profiling, a

Zero Kilometro representative will directly call the client to schedule sessions.

Various agencies will carry out sessions and will be responsible for referrals to other agencies that can

answer the client’s concern.

According to local studies by José Rizal University VHISION: INTELLIGENT HEALTHCARE SYSTEM FOR

BARANGAY BARANGKA DRIVE IN MANDALUYONG CITY study.

Which is the purpose of the system was to determine whether a specific barangay in the city of

Mandaluyong needed an Intelligent Healthcare System. The developers approached two essential

workers: A barangay official and a health worker. The developers scheduled an online meeting with the

resource persons and made sure to record the meetings. The developers made use of an unstructured

interview. The interview questions were designed to gather information about the barangay's healthcare

system. The developers also wanted to know the problem surrounding the current healthcare system of

the Barangay. where it is an electronic system that is used to analyze the health information of patients,

and the information will be stored and shared with healthcare professionals and patients (Health

Information Technology, 2017). This brought the developers to develop a health information system that

is capable of storing electronic health records, handling resources, and monitoring projects and

programs of the barangay to generate insights that will help the decision-makers in the barangay in

coming up with effective decisions. Barangay Barangka Drive is a barangay in 775 Sgt. Bumatay St.,

corner Barangka Drive, Mandaluyong City, NCR, Philippines. Barangay Barangka is a single barangay but

later divided into four (4) during the time of Municipal Mayor Bonifacio Javier: Barangka Ilaya (Uptown),
Barangka Itaas (Upper) Barangka Ibaba (Lower), and Barangka Drive. Barangay Barangka Drive is 24.54

hectares wide with a 13,310 population (PSA, 2016). The present Barangay Chairman of Barangka Drive

is Darwin A. Fernandez together with Seven (7) Barangay Kagawad: Brgy. Kagawad Judith Barojabo,

Brgy. Kagawad Antonio Devera, Brgy. Kagawad Ferdinand Flores, Brgy. Kagawad Charity Fernandez, Brgy.

Kagawad Lyndon Bonifacio, Brgy. Kagawad Michael De Castro, and Brgy. Kagawad Maria Gulane. The

office serves as the primary planning and implementing unit for government policies, programs,

projects, and plans for the betterment of society. These projects ensure the security and health

safety of the constituents of Barangay Barangka Drive.

In study of AutoBaHRS: Automated Barangay Health Records System of Iligan City. ligan City, a city

located in Northern Mindanao, Philippines, has a total of 44 barangays (villages), 15 are urban and 29

rural. The rural barangays are in remote mountainous areas of the city, making healthcare delivery

system difficult to manage. Usually, healthcare services are delayed, due to poor management of records

and inefficient communication. This problem motivated the researches to create a health information

system called the Automated Barangay Health Record System (AutoBaHRS) to help manage the health

records of the city. This electronic software was designed to provide real-time uploading of health

records, as well as updating data and viewing the morality and morbidity rate and communicable and

non-communicable diseases from different barangays of Iligan City. It is characterized by quickness,

efficiency, reliability, and accuracy in data uploading storage and retrieval. The study also aimed to help

secure the data through electronic local storage and remote retrieval of the barangay health stations and

the City Health Office. The AutoBaHRS was developed using PHP and MySQL and was tested with any

browsers available to date. Since this software development and database management tools are open

sourced, the cost of AutoBaHRS fabrication is minimal. The system can be implemented using

smartphones, tablets, or any portable computers from the field and a server can be installed in the City

Health Office that will serve as the monitoring and database management unit. In using the system, the

data on health among remote and urban barangays will be analyzed in real time , which is significant in
the quick health response and management by government and other health care providers.

Local studies preferences:

1. https://capstoneguide.com/barangay-health-management-system-capstone-project-document/

2. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1152050

3. https://opengovasia.com/philippine-medical-association-provides-free-online-consultation/

4.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351448267_VHISION_Intelligent_Healthcare_System_for_B
arangay_Barangka_Drive_in_Mandaluyong_City

5. https://imcc.herdin.ph/index.php?view=research&cid=62290

Foreign Studies

According to Health service platform system, claim 1ly based on Real-Time Monitoring health

service plateform system, for the user, provide real-time health control, the raw data that obtains in the

multiple health detector that is used alone or in combination is sent to data center by health mobile

phone, raw data, through the analyzing and processing of health service platform, forms analysis

processing result and sets up health account. The plateform system of the health service based on Real-

Time Monitoring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described health mobile phone is health

monitoring mobile phone, implanted in advance health and fitness information and received and

handling procedure

According to Wearable electrocardiograph monitoring system based on cloud architecture, and

monitoring method.the wearable ECG monitoring device is used to collect the user's ECG signal, after

processing the ECG signal, send the continuous and complete ECG signal to the smartphone APP via

Bluetooth.The doctor-side browser is used to realize the functions of doctor personal information

management, emergency processing, ECG annotation, record report processing, user family health
analysis, health consultation response, instant messaging response, and abnormal ECG database

establishment; the cloud platform server is used for Realize data processing, ECG intelligent analysis,

storage, and communication functions

According to Internet-based medical healthcare system and medical healthcare method based

on the medical health system of internet, with internet block, town, township, village's medical clinic or

hospital with family together with health care website contacts, this hardware used of block, town,

township, village's medical clinic and family is: B ultrasonic, cardiogram tester or pulse blood pressure

tester, electroencephalogram tester, Electronic Nose, electronic auscultation device, high-definition

camera, blood tester, urine tester, health care website that use the Health care data storehouse of cloud

computing, health care analysis software and virtual experts outpatient service, it is characterized in

that: patient can download health care member contract by health care website, and it is duplicate to

print health care member contract, fill in health care member contract, have in contract: the pet name of

Party A, name, ID (identity number) card No., home address, work unit, telephone number, universal

electric mailbox, sign and press finger-marks, fill in the signature date, contract text: comprise

responsibilities of the parties and obligation, promise breaking punishment, Party B legal representative

signs, add a cover unit official seal and fill out a date of signing, then the health care member contract

filled is sent it to health care website, and pay health care member annual fee by online payment, health

care net retains the health care member contract filled a, another part of health care member contract

and log-in password send patient, patient accesses to your password and fills in identifying code and logs

in health care website, health care website is provided with: medical forum webpage, Health Care

Debate webpage, healthy forum Web pages, diet forum Web pages, ward mate's micro-letter webpage,

ward mate's alternating current coil webpage, Medical Advertisement webpage, health care

advertisement webpage, medical lecture webpage, health care lecture webpage, motion and healthy

lecture webpage, diet and healthy lecture webpage, health care on-line consulting webpage and health

care news web page, the medical advice webpage of charge and health care consultation webpage,

found a family doctor's health care E-mail address, sets up patient's electronic medical records archives.
 According to Mobile internet hospital system of seeing a doctor .The cloud platform measures

the degree of dependence of the virtual machine on the physical server, so that certain virtual

applications are only allowed to run on the fixed physical server and are not allowed to dynamically

migrate; when a resource pool is built on a cloud platform, a plurality of physical servers are combined

into a cluster with a shared resource pool, and all hosts and virtual hosts running in the physical servers

under the cluster are monitored through a CAS HA software module; when the physical server fails and a

rock machine appears, the CAS HA software module immediately responds and restarts the virtual

machine running in the physical server on another host in the cluster; when a virtual server fails, the CAS

HA software module automatically restarts the virtual machine to recover the interrupted service; in

addition to performing continuous detection on physical server nodes in the cluster, the CAS HA software

module also performs continuous detection on virtual machines running on the physical server nodes;

the CAS HA software module also comprises an LRMd daemon running on each application server node,

which is responsible for carrying out state detection on the local virtualized resources and realizing

various operations on the resources in a shell script calling mode; when the LRMd daemon detects that a

certain virtual machine of a local machine has a communication fault, firstly, notifying an event to a DC

(direct current), uniformly informing the state of the virtual machine to all physical server nodes in a

cluster by the DC, selecting an idle server node for the fault virtual machine according to a certain policy

algorithm, and restarting the virtual machine on the node; when a physical server has a hardware fault,

all virtual machines running on the server can be automatically switched to other available servers;

According to Mobile complex of multichannel diagnostics and monitoring .mobile complex for

remote monitoring, including a monitor and connected to it with the possibility of multiple separate

connection of the cuff of the tonometer, nasal cannula, electrodes for taking an electrocardiogram (ECG),

pulse oximeter, temperature sensor and a remote camera with a microphone,

in which the monitor is made in the form of a portable monoblock and includes a unit for measuring
physiological parameters, a control unit, data processing and storage, a remote data transmission unit,

an information input-output unit, an autonomous power supply system and a thermal printer.the unit for

measuring physiological parameters via a data bus is connected to a control unit for processing and

storing data, a remote data transmission unit, an information input / output unit, a remote camera, a

thermal printer and a power supply system, which is connected through a power bus to a unit for

measuring physiological parameters, a unit control, processing and storage of data, a thermal printer, an

external camera with a microphone, a remote data transmission unit and an information input-output

unit, and includes tonometer, pulse oximeter modules electrocardiograph, capnograph and temperature,

removably connected to each other to change the configuration of the unit depending on the tasks of

monitoring studies and associated with the connectors installed on the monitor body and the control

unit, data processing and storage includes a processor programmed to implement switching between

measuring channels, generating graphs of signals recorded from the patient on the monitor screen,

generating values of vital status parameters, forming windows for audiovisual data exchange between

the complex and the remote subscriber, forming light and sound alarms when the patient’s condition

parameters go beyond the norm, formation of parameter trends for the entire period of mon itoring,

diagnostics of the state of the measuring channels, the mobile communication channel and the charge

level of the built-in batteries.

Foreign Studies Reference:

1. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN103400332A/en?

q=Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+Health+Center&oq=+Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+

Consultation+for+Health+Center

2.

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2021008364A1/en?
q=Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+Health+Center&oq=+Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+

Consultation+for+Health+Center

3. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN104616234A/en?
q=Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+Health+Center&oq=+Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+
Consultation+for+Health+Center

4. https://patents.google.com/patent/CN105205766B/en?
q=Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+Health+Center&before=priority:20151231&after=priori
ty:20150101&oq=+Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+for+Health+Center+2015

5. https://patents.google.com/patent/RU2683898C1/en?
q=Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+Health+Center&before=priority:20181231&after=priori
ty:20180101&oq=+Virtual+Health+Monitoring+and+Consultation+for+Health+Center+2018