7/20/2020

FREYSSINET WEBINAR SERIES – 2

Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan di Bidang Konstruksi

Rehabilitasi Seismic pada Bangunan Eksisting dengan Penggunaan

Passive Control System
Tri Suryadi, ST. MT.

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PRESENTATION OUTLINES

1. LITERATURE REVIEW
2. BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION
3. ADDITIONAL UPPER ISOLATION FLOOR FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION
4. CONCLUSION

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LITERATURE REVIEW

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Structural Performance Objectives for Conventional Design

Immediate Collapse
Operational Life Safety
Occupancy Prevention

RC IV RC III RC I&II
Frequent EQ
72 Years

Design EQ
475 Years

MCE The IMPORTANCE FACTORS for

2475 Years RC I&II, III, IV are 1.0, 1.25, 1.50

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Structural Performance Objectives for Seismically Isolated Design [ASCE 7-10]

Immediate Collapse
Operational Life Safety
Occupancy Prevention
RC I, II, III, IV RC IV RC III RC I&II
Frequent EQ FEMA P-751 on ASCE 7-10:
72 Years In general, isolated structures designed in accordance
with the standard are expected to:
1. Achieve LIFE SAFETY in major earthquake (MCER)
Design EQ 2. Remain Essentially Elastic when subjected to Design
475 Years
Earthquake (DBE) ground motions. [RI ≤ 2.0 at DBE]

For Seimically Isolated Structure,

MCE
the IMPORTANCE FACTOR (Ie) is
2475 Years
kept 1.0 for all Risk Category

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Structural Performance Objectives for Seismically Isolated Design [ASCE 7-16]

Immediate Collapse
Operational Life Safety
Occupancy Prevention
RC I, II, III, IV RC IV RC III RC I&II
Frequent EQ
ASCE 7-16:
72 Years In general, isolated structures designed in accordance
with the standard are expected to:
1. Resist minor and moderate levels of earthquake
ground motion without damage to structural elements,
Design EQ
475 Years nonstructural components, or building contents.
2. Resist major levels of earthquake ground motion
without failure of the isolation system, significant
For Seimically Isolated Structure, damage to structural elements, extensive damage to
MCE
the IMPORTANCE FACTOR (Ie) is nonstructural components, or major disruption to facility
2475 Years
kept 1.0 for all Risk Category function. [RI ≤ 2.0 at MCER]

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

SEISMIC REHABILITATION for Existing Buildings:

a. Conventional Approach
b. Non-Conventional Approach (Seismic Mitigation System)

SEISMIC MITIGATION is defined as a unique method used to protect structures from potential damages
due to earthquake event by limiting the earthquake action, utilizing special devices that are installed
properly to the structures.

Basic mechanisms of seismic mitigation system:

a) Seismic Isolation Mechanism
b) Energy Dissipation Mechanism
c) Combination of both Isolation - Dissipation Mechanisms
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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

1. Isolation Mechanism physically un-couples the dynamic behavior of the superstructure and the
substructures. This is achieved by inserting a mechanical device with very low horizontal stiffness (high
flexibility) in between these two upper and lower structures.
2. Energy Dissipation Mechanism is a transformation of the earthquake energy after the formation of nonlinear
behavior or hysteresis curve on the earthquake devices.
3. Base Isolation System is the most common approach for Non-Conventional Seismic Rehabilitation that
utilizes BOTH Isolation Mechanism and Energy Dissipation Mechanism.
4. Typical Devices for Base Isolation System:
a) HDRB (High Damping Rubber Bearing) → High Isolation ; Low Energy Dissipation
b) LRB (Lead Rubber Bearing) → High Isolation ; Moderate Energy Dissipation
c) PS (Pendulum System Bearing) → High Isolation ; Moderate Energy Dissipation
d) (HDRB or LRB or PS) + Fluid Damper → Moderate Isolation ; High Energy Dissipation

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

FEASIBLE BUILDING

ISOLATION PERIOD
FOR ISOLATION

RANGE
Fixed Base Structure

Base Isolated Structure

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

Seismic Reduction Demand

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

Another Aspect of Seismic Isolation:

- NOT only Protecting the Structure, but also the INTERIORS.

Seismically Isolated Conventionally

Building Designed Building

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

Time History Analysis Simulations:

Significant Most of deformation is

deformation is shown concentrated at isolators
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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

HOW TO INSTALL ISOLATOR BEARING TO

EXISTING STRUCTURE (Lightly Loaded Columns):

4 PROCEDURES:
3 3
5
1. Installation of the steel supports
2 2 2. Installation of the jacks
4
3. Load transfer through jacking
4. Column cutting
1
5. Installation of the isolator
1

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

3 3
5
2 2

1 1

Installation of the steel supports Installation of the jacks

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

3 3
5
2 2

1 1

Load transfer through jacking Column cutting Removal of concrete

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

HOW TO INSTALL ISOLATOR BEARING TO EXISTING STRUCTURE (Moderate to Heavy Loaded Columns):

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BASE ISOLATION FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

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ADDITIONAL UPPER ISOLATION FLOOR FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

FLEXIBLE Additional Upper Floor on Flexible

BEARING
bearing provides a Tuned Mass
Damping (TMD) Effect for the
Existing Structure.
TMD is a design strategy that
equipped the structure with a
vibrating mass that displays
movements which are contrary
to those of the main structure.

ISOLATED UPPER FLOOR OR SLAB WITHOUT IUF WITH IUF

CONCEPT SIMILAR TO TUNED MASS DAMPER (TMD)

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ADDITIONAL UPPER ISOLATION FLOOR FOR SEISMIC REHABILITATION

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CONCLUSION

1. Seismically Isolated Structure is a very effective system that can protect the existing
structure from Earthquake Motions. This rehabilitation approach indicates:
a. Better structural performance (Essentially Elastic Superstructure during EQ)
b. Structures are designed to have Operational limit at DBE and Immediate Occupancy at MCE
c. No future repair cost implicated after EQ event (Or minimum cost at MCE level)
d. Simplification of 1.0 Importance Factor for all Risk Category → Indicating cost efficient
solution for Structure with Risk Category III and IV (the I factor is still 1.25 and 1.50 for conventional
structure)
2. Base Isolation method indicates more effective EQ reduction compared to Additional
Upper Floor method, but requires more careful attention on the installation works and
utility requirements.

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THANK YOU

TRI SURYADI, ST. MT.

tri.suryadi@freyssinet.co.id
+62811-8125-092

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