BUENAVISTA COMMUNITY COLLEGE

Cangawa, Buenavista, Bohol

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Academic Year 2021-2022
First Semester
Subject: Philippine Literature
Instructor: Joceel C. Nuñez

MODULE 9 - 10

I.TOPIC / LESSON

→ Module 9
• Region VII – Central Visayas
• Region VIII – Eastern Visayas
→ Module 10
• Region IX – Zamboanga Peninsula

II. LEARNING / SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

After these lessons, the students will be able to:

1.Know the corresponding provinces and capitals for each region.
2.Explain the Filipino values that are shown in the story.
3.Perform one folk song.

III. OVERVIEW

In this module, the students will get to know the names for region VII to X accordingly.
Included are their provinces and corresponding capitals. They’ll get to know also the different
Filipino values which are dominant and practiced by these regions through reading their several
literary pieces.

IV.COURSE CONTENT
 REGION VII – CENTRAL VISAYAS

Provinces and Capital:

Provinces Capital
Bohol Tagbilaran City
Cebu Cebu City
Negros Oriental Dumaguete
Siquijor Siquijor

Myth:

Sicalac and Sicavay

(A Visayan Creation Myth)

1.In the beginning there were two gods, Captan and Maguayan. They created the earth and all living
things. Once Captan planted a bamboo in a garden. The plant grew into a tall tree that swayed gracefully
in the breeze. Then, one day it broke into two sections, and out stepped a man and a woman. To the man,
the gods gave the name Sicalac, and that is why men have been called lalaki. The woman they called
Sicavay, and thenceforth women have been called babae.

2.After some time, the man asked the woman to marry him for there were no people in the world. Sicavay
was reluctant in accepting his proposal, however, saying that they were brother and sister born of the
same reed. Eventually, they agreed to seek the advice of the tunas of the sea and doves of the air. They
also consulted the earthquake, who told them that it was necessary for them to fill the earth with people.
And so they became husband and wife.

3.Soon after, they had a son whom they called Sibu. A daughter who was born to them next was named
Samar. Sibu and Samar married and had a daughter, Luplupan. She married Pandaguan, the second son
of the first couple, Sicalac and Sicavay. They had a son whom they named Anoranor.

4.Pandaguan was first to invent the fishing net. The first time he used it, he caught a shark and brought
ashore, thinking that it would not die, but the shark did not survive for long out of water. Great was
Pandaguan’s grief. He cried out loudly to the gods, blaming them for letting his plaything die when no one
had ever died before. It is said the god Captan, weary after his day’s work, sent the flies to find out why
Pandaguan was making such a loud lamentation. But the flies refused to obey him, saying that they were
busy storing honey. For this disobedience, they were condemned to scavenge among filthy and rotten
things from then on.
5.Captan then sent the weevil, who brought the news of the shark’s death. Pandaguan’s behavior greatly
displeased Captan. He and Maguayan made a thunderbolt with which they struck Pandaguan dead. The
young man stayed in the infernal regions for thirty days, at the end of which time the gods took pity on
him, brought him back to life, and returned to the world.

6.While Pandaguan, was away, his wife Luplupan became the concubine of Maracoyrun. People say that
the practice of concubinage then started with Luplupan.

7.When Pandaguan returned home, he did not find his wife there. She had been invited by Maracoyrun
to feast upon a pig which he had stolen. People say that this was the first theft committed in the world.

8.Pandaguan then sent Anoranor to fetch his mother, but she only laughed at her son and refused to go
home, saying that the dead never returns to the world. At this answer, Pandaguan became angry and
went back to the infernal regions, vowing never to return to the world. The old folks say that had Luplupan
obeyed Pandaguan’s summons, had he not gone back to the infernal regions, all the dead would have
come back to life.

Legend:

The Legend of Dumaguete

1.The story dates back to the distant past. It was the glorious and chivalrous time of the Spanish Señores
and the Moros. Now, the Moros were plundering the neighboring islands, abducting the women and the
children, who, we were told, were being ground and minted into money and gold by the Moros.

2.These plunderings grew very intense in some nearby islands and there were terrible rumors that these
Moros were coming to Dumaguete. It was not called “Dumaguete” then. The people were concerned and
they prayed hard for protection. The families gathered at night to pray the Nuestra Señora and to Santa
Catalina to deliver them from this danger. The people had a special devotion to Santa Catalina and had
also a special patronage and affection for these people. Seeing their plight, she was swift in giving them
her protection.

3.Santa Catalina was known to have been a stalwart and a military woman. Everytime the Moros intended
invading the islandshe would send a swarm of bees to cover the whole place, so that it would be seen
from afar as a big cloud, swallowing the island into the bosom of the horizon; so the Moros could not find
the island.

4.If they went a little nearer, this cloud of bees would attack them, warding them off. The Moros could
never land on the island and they were not able to daguit, i.e. to abduct the women and the children.
With the protection of Santa Catalina the people were dili-na-daguit, i.e. cannot be abducted. Through
the years this phrase coined itself into the name the place is known today – Dumaguete.

5.Today, in front of the parish church which is under the patronage of Santa Catalina, there stands a very
big and a very old acacia tree. Hanging very high up on its trunk is what looks like a big, odious black bag
but which is a very huge beehive. When little boys would throw stones at it, in order to tease the bees
inside, the old folks promenading in the place on which the tree stands would scold them gravely or even
in a hushed manner wave a hand before their faces and point and look up to that beehive almost
reverently.

6.It is a simple but beautiful tale of a simple yet beautiful people. It is always told in a hushed and reverent
manner and with pride for it expresses what is deep down in the heart – gratitude and a sense of being a
specially favored people.

Folk Songs, Riddles, and Proverbs:

1.Usahay

Usahay nagadamgo ako

Nga ikaw ug ako nagkahigugmaay
Nganong damguhon ko ikaw
Damguhon sa kanunay sa akong
Kamingaw

Usahay nagamahay ako

Nganong nabuhi pa ning kalibutana
Nganong gitiaw-tiawan
Ang gugma ko kanimo, kanimo da.

2.Matud Nila

Matud nila, ako dili angay

Nga magmanggad sa imong gugma
Matud nila, ikaw dili malipay
Kay wa ako’y bahandi
Nga kanimo igasa
Gugmang putli, mao day pasalig
Mao’y bahandi labaw sa bulawan
Matud nila, kaanugon lamang
Sa imong gugma ug parayeg.
 Dili molubad kining pagsalig
Bisan sa unsa nga katarungan
Kay unsa may bili ning kinabuhi
Kung sa gugma mo hinikawan
Ingna ko nga dili mo kawangon
Damgo ug pasalig sa gugma mo.

3.Tigmo o Riddles

a.Balay ni Maria
Gipalibutan ug espada
(Pinya)

Maria’s house
Is surrounded with swords.

b.Sa ibabaw kararuhan

Sa ilalom kabatuhan
(Cacao)

On top is a plain
Underneath are stones.

4.Proverbs

a.Mahugno ang usa ka nasod kon

walay maggiya niini
Makaayo sa siyudad ang daghang
Magtatambag.

A nation is destroyed
When no one is guiding it
It is good for a city
To have many advisers.

b.Ang batang matinumanon

Dili magmalampuson
 A disobedient child
Will not succeed.

Poem:

Ang Among Kabantang

Ni Fernando Buyser-Aquino

This Cebuano poem is from the files of Juliet Borromeo Samonte.

Kami mapaubsanon sa mga mapaubsanon,

Apan dili muduko sa atubangan sa manlulupig;
Alang kanamo ang tamang tawo managsoon’
Magsama ang sa lungsod ug ang nagpuyo sa bukid.

Kining huna-hunaa dili kay pagpalabilabi,

Nga sa daghang mga tawo maoy nakaala-ut;
Kon dunay magpaka-adlaw, kami magpakagabi-i,
Apan sa pagpanaugdaog dili gayud kami motugot.

Ang gugma ug kagawasan mao ang among dalan,

Padulong sa kinatumyan sa among mga ginguha;
Sa way lipudlipud itug-an namo ang among ngalan,
Aron kami hikaplagan madtong danamo mangita.

Kon kanhi maoy nagaduko ang mga matarong,

Samtang ang dautan maoy nagapata-as sa ilang agtang;
Dili na kini mahitabo kanamong mapaubsanon,
Kay dili namo ika-ulaw ang kabus namong kahimtang.

Kami wala mangita sa himaya ng kabantugan,

Ang gitinguha namo mao ra ang kaayuhan sa lungsod;
Ngano man nga dili managsama kita nga tanan,
Nga magtupong man unta ang atong mga katungkod?

Ang among hunahuna kanamo nagapasalig,

Nga ang kawad-on ug kakabus dili kanamo nakaugtas;
Ang amo nga kabantang malig-on pa kay sa bukid,
Bisan kami hamubo pa kay sa mga masitas.
Short Story:
Poem:

1.The Tracks of Babylon

Edith L. Tiempo

Mrs. Tiempo married another well-known writer, Edilberto Tiempo, who is from Dumaguete, Negros
Occidental. Both of them studied at the University of Iowa and at the University of Denver. She has written the novel
“A Blade of Fern” and has won the Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for Literature.

Bodily decrepitude is wisdom; young

We love each other and were ignorant.

The hand grown tentative fumbles the pen.

He had been lost on the runic slopes and peaks,
He had whittled at the wedges strung out fence-like,
He had tangled with the hooks and whorls
Whipped into mysteries involuted
And potent as any coiled up in the grass.

Bull and plowman, sandaled queen and lion,

Brooding of eyes, all set in profiled
Stance and all dichotomized,
Lift from the crackling sheet their possibility.
In the leaning fixed bodies
Clammy-hand fumbles for the furnace-
Hot heart for the kinetic core
Yellowly burning.

Outside, the wind-blown rice harvest strains

For this old man nursing a cold limb.
The slavering maggots of his memory assault him:
When tiredness, like a blister, was mere fretting,
And pain left a curious token unaware,
A scab for wisdom to pick over.

If this hand seared and seared by terribly beauty,

That bared the buried Babylon to his eyes,
Could menace the coiled destroyer in the rice,
If it could swing in hooks and whorls
Despising (or missing) the dull stance of protection,
Then he might wear shiny both switch and pen.
Large sun-shapes sprawl across the grains,
But it’s his dark and titled vision
 Shuts him in, man fumbling the dropped pen,
Peering, tesselling a much-tracked Babylon.

2.Ochre Tones
Marjorie M. Evasco

Marjorie M. Evasco (Tagbilaran City, Bohol) holds a Ph.D. degree in Literature from De la Salle University.
Apart from being a poet, she is also an editor, essayist, and teacher – winning the Metrobank Most Outstanding
Teacher Award for 1999. She was the holder of the Henry Lee Irwin, S.J. Chair in Creative Writing from Ateneo De
Manila University and a fellow in the Hawthornden Castle International Writers’ Retreat in Scotland. She has two
books of poems – National Book Award winner Dreamweavers: Selected Poems, 1976-1986 (1987) and Ochre Tones
(1999), which features poems in Cebuano and in English.

The benediction in the air.

A lizard, translucent and newly-broken
From its shell, kisses the earth
At sundown, driven by some strange thing
More than instinct or genetic memory.
My bestfriend, Grace, says baby lizards
Are messengers, presaging possibilities.
She believes in omens, earth calling
The littlest creatures to drink the first
Mist of evening. Who is to say it is
moisture or the need for it that makes us
Crawl or bend our lizard lips
Upon the ground? Dusk cools our fevers
And there is joy in this surrender.

Even noe the tips of bamboo leaves

Hold watergames. In the early evening air
I remember Grace and somewhere, Yes
An older lizard clicks its rhythmic,
Yes, yes, yes.
 REGION VIII – EASTERN VISAYAS

Province and Capital:

Province Capital
Biliran Naval
Eastern Samar Borongan
Leyte Tacloban
Northern Samar Catarman
Southern Leyte Maasin City
Samar Catbalogan

Folk Tales:
Poem:

1.An Balud
Translated by Lilia Tolentino, SPC

Daw nasusunog sidsid han langit

Pati han dagat nagdadalit
Bangin ha unhan, may nagcaingin,
May madlos huyog hinin hangin.

Inin mganga balud, mulayan han dagat

Nga dit na calawdan, nagbabalatbagat.
An gab inga dulom, an tubig maranggat
Ng nacacaliaw manga dumaragat.

Heaven and sea seem to be on fire.

Perhaps there’s a kaingin somewhere
There’s a strong wing blowing the waves.
These waves are toys of the sea
Coming from the ocean
Where night encounters the dark.
Bright waters give hope to seamen.

2.Aningal Tikang Huron

Kan Iluminado Lucente

Aadto kuno ha sawang

An damo nga kalipayan,
Sadto kuno tirok
Ngatana nga kaupayan.

Waray kuno liliwon

Ngan waray gud nakakawang
Han bis’ ano nga ungad’ on
Han tawo didto ha sawang.

Waray man daw ada didto

Panhune han katamsihan;
Waray didto mga maya
Mga sabong na aranihan

Ngan damay kabab’ihan

 Burunyog panginoon,
Ha buked mga patag
Ug na mga hagnaon.

Ha amon pagkakablas
Waray ko agad pagtipa,
Ha sawang nga kabuhe
Waray ko man kaipa.

Kay dinhe may pagsanag man

Han adlaw ngan han bulan
Ngan dinhe an huyohoy
Bulong han kaguulan.

Echoes from Farm

Translated by the Staff of Leyte-Samar Studies

They say it is in town

That many joys are to be found
That it is there
Where good things abound.

Nothing is wanting, they say,

Nothing is unobtainable
Whatever man may
In town desire.

But surely there

No bird songs are heard.
No mayas are scattered
In the field of ripening grain.

And sometimes night finds them

Still companionably eating
In the hills, the plains,
And in the ricefields.

Of our poverty
I don’t complain,
For life in town
I have no envy.
 For here shines as well
The sun and the moon
And here the gentle breeze
Is balm for weariness.

Mga Bukad Ha Mayo

(An excerpt)
Kan Eduardo Makabenta

Magpakaruruyag ngan pinili,

Burak ngan tsampaka, marol nga hamili,
Rosas, asusenas, rosal nga mahambot
Nga nagangalimwag sa hangin talambot,
An ira alimyon abot ha hirayo…
Magpakawiwili nga bukad ha Mayo.
Bukad nga kadam’an luob an at’tuna,
Magpakabibihag ha panhunahuna,
May walingwaling ngan may mga manan-aw
Nga makalilipay ha mata pagtan-aw,
May sangyaw, may dili, mga masarayo,
Magdamit Malaya, di’ bukad ha Mayo.

Flowers of May
Translated by the Staff of Leyte-Samar studies

How lovely and how choice

Are th ilang-ilang, champaca and sampaguita
The fragrant roses, rosal and Azucena:
Their scent fills the air
And is wafted far away…
Sweet flowers of May.

Flowers cover our native land

So exquisite they captivate the mind
The waling-waling and other orchids
With colors to delight the eyes
Loved or not, they are still admired
 Though they wither fast, they are flowers of May.

Even the common gumamela

In the morning very proudly blooms,
The calachuchi, the marigold,
Have beauty and fragnance to rival others,
We don’t have to go to other places,
We have many flowers of May.

Flowers of all kinds have we

No need is there to name them,
There are plant flowers, and live flowers, too,
Who are the adornment of our existence,
Flowers that can burn our hearts
Like fire in month of May.

Many of these flowers come afar

They have blossomed from alien seeds
Of have been transplanted from other lands
Their beauty has no price…
Yet they are not my choice
I prefer our own flowers of May.

The Least Miracle

Carlos A. Angeles

Carlos A. Angeles is best known as a poet, and his collection of poems, The Knifed Horizon, has
been scheduled for publication. He was born of Ilocano parents in Tacloban, Leyte, in 1921. Educated in
public schools, he has an A. B. from the University of the Philippines.
In the following selection, Angeles “communicates complex impressions by maintaining a precision
of phrasing that names even as it suggests.”

Someday there will be sudden miracles

Conjured in the potent noon and male hour
And shall be no news, nor shall appear in papers.
In the only bed then in the old house
I lay with my leg broken from a fall
And bathed in my own blood and marrow.
We all thought wrongly I might die,
 And for a time I could not walk again.
It was a sorcerer who limned a fertile cross
Above my wound – then I let fall my crutches.
And those in the gallery, upon seeing, knelt
Before the formal triumph of the saint,
While my father wept for me who had
The last, the least faith of us all.

REGION IX – ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA

Provinces and Capital:

Province Capital
Zamboanga del Norte Dipolog City
Zamboanga del Sur Pagadian
Zamboanga Sibugay Ipil

Epic:

Ag Tobig Nog Keboklagan

(The Kingdom of Keboklagan)

Considered as one of the oldest epics of the Subanon of Zamboanga, this “guman” or epic is
chanted during “Buklog” or festivals.

1.The epic begins with Timoway’s quandary as to how to support his wife who is about to give birth. He
decides to earn money by being a whetter of tools in the neighboring villages. He leaves Sirangan with his
assistant Kasangolan and fifteen datus. However, their boat refuses to move until Timoway beheads one
of his companions.
2.In the village Batotobig, Datu Sakandar decides to join Timoway, although his wife, like Timoway’s, is
pregnant. While they are cruising, Diwata Pegeraman – the goddess of wing, lighting, and thunder – invites
them to her abode to chew mamaq, betel nut. Rejected by the Datu, she creates a storm that breaks
Timoway’s vessel and kills Timoway and his companions. The broken and now empty vessel returns to
Sirangan.

3.Learning about the incident, Timoway’s wife, Balo Libon, cries so intensely that she gives birth to a boy.
At this same instance, Sakadanbar’s wife in Batotoy also gives birth to a boy. Balo Libon names her son
Taake. He grows quickly, and after seven months, Taake asks about his father. When he is told that his
father’s death was not caused by a mortal, he becomes happy. Learning that his father was a fisher, Taake
asks for his father’s hook and line. With the aid of his magic, he establishes himself as an excellent fisher.

4.One day, Taake, now a young man, asks his mother for clothes to go deep-sea fishing. The request
surprises her, for Taake has never asked for clothes. Questioned, he explains that he is embarrassed to be
naked in the company of ladies. Balo Libon then grooms her son.

5.At sea, Taake hooks a fish with golden scales, but it drags him farther and farther away from the shore.
The tug of war lasts for months, until an eel warns Taake to go home and offers him help to get there. But
Taake only kills the eel. A storm develops, and Taake sinks. He sees a shore under the sea and sets foot
on it. Finding a horse with his hook and line in its mouth, he pursues it with his karisan or sword, but the
animal escapes him. Taake has reached Keboklagan.

6.Taake sees a tower. He climbs a ladder with golden rungs to reach the top of the tower. There, he finds
a woman, nearly naked, sewing. Called the Lady of Pintawan, she invites him to chew mamaq. As they
chew, their eyes meet and exchange messages of love. Taake courts her for seven days. Finally, the Lady
of Pintawan accepts Taake’s offer of marriage. However, the romance is blocked by two men, Towan Salip
and Sorotan Domatong, who abhor the idea of Lady of Pintawan marrying a Subanon. The two rally the
folks of Keboklagan and urge them to kill Taake. The Lady of Pintoqan, a close friend of the Lady of
Pintawan, learns about the plot and flies on her monsala or scarf to the Lady of Pintawan’s place. She
advises Taake to take his wife to Sirangan. Taake however, insists on his innocence and refuses to leave
Keboklagan. He fights the people ho attack him.

7.In Sirangan, the datu Tomitib Manaon dreams of a lone Subanon fighting in Keboklagan. When he
awakes, he prepares to help Taake, whom he discovers has been away from Sirangan for a long time.
Accompanied by two other datus, he proceeds to Keboklagan. Although they lose their way at first, they
finally arrive at Keboklagan, following Taake’s route. Tomitib impetuously rushes into battle, killing
Sorotan Domatong. Taake reproaches Tomitib for fighting without first asking for the reason for the fight.
Saulagya Maola, the datu of Keboklagan and the Lady of Pintawa’s brother arrive. The ladies of
Keboklagan explain to him the cause of the fight. He recalls his promise to his sister that anyone who can
climb the ladder with rungs of blades shall be his sister’s husband. Saulagya Maola tells the two datus
about the promise, but they insist on fighting. Saulagya, therefore, divides his kingdom between those
who decide to fight and those who decide to withdraw from the battle.
8.Tomitib Manaon asks Saulagya Maola if he can marry the Lady of Pintoqan. But because of his incivility,
she rejects Tomitib. Tomitib runs back to the crowd and starts fighting. Datu Liyo-Liyo, hearing about the
fight, rides his horse and proceeds to the battle ground. Datu Liyo-liyo engages Tomitib in a hand-to-hand
battle. Eventually, the datu of Sirangan defeats the datu of Keboklagan.

9.The datus then proceed to other kingdoms to fight further. First, they challenge the chief of Dibaloy,
Datu Bataqelo. Lilang Diwata, his sister, renames Taake Malompyag, or “he fights in all places.” Taake and
Tomitib would have exterminated the whole kingdom had compassion not overtaken them after half of
the population had fallen to their sword. In Todong-todong, Taake and Tomitib are invited by its chief to
chew mamaq before they start fighting. After the chew, they annihilate the kingdom. The datus then
proceed to Walo Sabang, ruled by Egdodan Magsorat and Egdodan Sabagan, who themselves do not fight.
Their subjects, however, are sufficient, for they get resurrected after having been killed. Taake tires after
seven months of fighting and falls asleep, leaving Tomitib to fight alone. In Taake’s dream, a girl instructs
him to disguise himself as Towan Salip Palasti and to go to the Tower of Walo Sabang to get magical
medicines by which to prevent the enemies from coming back to life. When he awakes, he does as
instructed, and he and Tomitib defeat the army of Walo Sabang. At one point in the battle, Tomitib falls
dead, but the women of Keboklagan restore him to life.

10.The massive destruction disturbs the god Asog. He descends to the earth and reprimands the Sirangan.
He instructs them to go home and hold a buklog, in which each of them will be given his partner. Asog
fans his kerchief, bringing the dead to life. The datus return to Sirangan, where Taake finds his mother
dying of longing for him. He kisses her and she revives. All the datus of the different kingdoms are invited
to a buklog, and Asog gives each of them a partner in life.
V.ACTIVITY GUIDES

Direction: Please read the entire contents of this module. Answer directly what is asked in each item.
You may use any size of yellowpad or short bondpaper.

Task A:
1.Infer what could have happened to Alih at the end of the story? 15

2.Point out specific Filipino values which are shown in the Cebuano poem entitled “Ang Among Kabantang
/ Our Pride”? 10 points

3.Give at least 5 Cebuano riddles / Tigmo with its corresponding answer. 10 points.
4.Write down at least 5 proverbs and give its useful thoughts. 10 points

Task B: Performance task

• Search one of the Visayan folk songs particularly the Cebuano folk songs.
• Practice and familiarize the tone and its lyrics.
• If you’re ready to perform it, kindly record a video of your performance while performing the song
you have chosen.
• Attach the video together with your answers in task A.
GOD BLESS EVERYONE!!!