SARS-COV-2 AND ITS EFFECT IN HUMAN RESPIRATORY

SYTEM

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A Case Study Presented to

Mr. Rex Bryan B. Ranalan

General Biology Adviser

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in the Subject General Biology in

Pantukan National High School
Senior High School Program

By

Monday May A. Miguel

STEM – Mantiris

June 2020

Introduction
 The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-

CoV-2) primarily causes respiratory illness ranging from mild disease

to severe disease and death (World Heath Organization, 2020). This

virus is a member of large family of viruses called coronaviruses that

infect people and animals. Primarily, the virus that causes

Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) that is timely and relevant not

just in a single country but in many parts of the world. The SARS-

CoV-2 can spread from person to person through a single droplets

released when an infected person cough, sneezes, or talks.

Furthermore, this virus primarily attacked human respiratory system

making it more fatal and deadly but less infectious.

Globally, the SARS-CoV-2 affects a lot of people with its

increasing positive cases and causing millions of mortality rate

possible for the United Nation to announce global outbreak and

pandemic. In Wuhan a province of China, the virus was first found

out and isolated from three people with pneumonia in connection to

the cluster of acute respiratory illness. Last February 27, 2020

reported the emerging infection in over 47 countries with 82,294

infections with 2,804 deaths. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection

7.3% in healthcare workers and 0.04% in non-health care workers.

This implies that infection were most common among nursing staff.

In India, the fast spreading effect of this virus resulted in increase

risk and cases of SARS-CoV-2. However, many studies indicated that

the transportation and movement of respiratory diseases depend on

seasonal variation (Humba, et al., 2018).

In the Philippines, the effect of SARS- CoV-2 mainly attack the

respiratory system. As remembered, last March 2020 Philippines

confirmed local transmission of the virus and the disease affecting

46.2% female and 68.8% living in the National Capital Region (NCR)

up to the month of May 2020. Other studies shows that from April to

August 15 , 2020, a total of 12, 432 specimens were tested with 763

(6%) unique individuals testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR

and majority were males (65%) (Velasco, J.M, MD,MPH,MSc, et al.,

2020). Same study also shows that the prevalence for SARS-CoV-2 for

both military and civilian were 10% and 9%, respectively. Locally, the

prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 affecting the respiratory system is the

living proof that this virus and disease is causing spike in Davao

Region with total cases of 31,796 and fatality rate of 4.4%. This calls

for a very alarming situation and so, some locals are back from

quarantine.
Discussion