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    Aquinas Mindmap

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    1. Thomas Aquinas discusses the necessity of political society and authority for human welfare. Men are naturally social but require community for a complete life. Authority is needed to care for the common good and govern social life. 2. Aquinas argues that temporal power is subject to spiritual power, with the pope holding supreme power over both spiritual and temporal matters in Christian societies. The pope has authority over civil welfare and temporal powers must obey. 3. Aquinas outlines a hierarchy of laws descending from the eternal law of God to natural law, divine law, human law, jus gentium (law of peoples), and ius civile (civil law). Human law must be just, directed at the

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    Aquinas Mindmap

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    DNI
    38 views1 page
    1. Thomas Aquinas discusses the necessity of political society and authority for human welfare. Men are naturally social but require community for a complete life. Authority is needed to care for the common good and govern social life. 2. Aquinas argues that temporal power is subject to spiritual power, with the pope holding supreme power over both spiritual and temporal matters in Christian societies. The pope has authority over civil welfare and temporal powers must obey. 3. Aquinas outlines a hierarchy of laws descending from the eternal law of God to natural law, divine law, human law, jus gentium (law of peoples), and ius civile (civil law). Human law must be just, directed at the

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    1. Thomas Aquinas discusses the necessity of political society and authority for human welfare. Men are naturally social but require community for a complete life. Authority is needed to care for the common good and govern social life. 2. Aquinas argues that temporal power is subject to spiritual power, with the pope holding supreme power over both spiritual and temporal matters in Christian societies. The pope has authority over civil welfare and temporal powers must obey. 3. Aquinas outlines a hierarchy of laws descending from the eternal law of God to natural law, divine law, human law, jus gentium (law of peoples), and ius civile (civil law). Human law must be just, directed at the

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    38 views1 page

    Aquinas Mindmap

    Uploaded by

    DNI
    1. Thomas Aquinas discusses the necessity of political society and authority for human welfare. Men are naturally social but require community for a complete life. Authority is needed to care for the common good and govern social life. 2. Aquinas argues that temporal power is subject to spiritual power, with the pope holding supreme power over both spiritual and temporal matters in Christian societies. The pope has authority over civil welfare and temporal powers must obey. 3. Aquinas outlines a hierarchy of laws descending from the eternal law of God to natural law, divine law, human law, jus gentium (law of peoples), and ius civile (civil law). Human law must be just, directed at the

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    of 1

    1.

    Political society to natural man Law and reason (ius and ratio) Political and
    Man naturally social animal - men live in bases of human society - rational Religious Duty
    society - not self-sufficient. Community - full State exists for the common good infidel to lose power
    and complete life posible. Aristotelian of citizens - ecourages virtue over faithful - sons
    Nichomean Ethics 'Grace does not abolish nature, of God
    but perfects it'
    Balancing nature and grace,
    temporal and spiritual, society
    2. Necessity of Authority and the individual, giving priority Spiritual and Temporal
    Authority to care for the common to papal authority in Christian power
    good - social life - universe societies Temporal power subject to
    governed by one person - state spiritual unless ordered by
    governed by one person God eg salvation of God.
    Civil welfare - temporal
    Political Thought of
    power obeyed - pope -
    Thomas Aquinas spiritual and tenporal -
    1225 - 1274 supreme power
    3. Best Form of Constitution
    mixture of kingdom -
    aristocracy (mny participate in
    govt according to virtue -
    Custom
    democracy - election
    Consent of the
    whole
    Limits to obedience
    community in
    Inferiors to obey superiors -
    customs rather
    order established by natural
    Hierarchy of than ruler
    Law and divine law
    Rational ordering of common good - proceeds Laws Except - higher authority takes
    from reason and will of legislator - divine and 1.Lex Eterna presedence of the lower eg
    natural law from rational will of God - human lw 2.Lex Naturalis Emperor and God
    from man's will, regulated by reason 3.Lex Divina eg Requirment of Human Superior - he has no authority
    Categories of Law 10 Law - Just - humane for it
    Eternal - idea of divine wisdom directing all commandments laws in reason - human
    movements - all laws derive from eternal law, law deviates from natural
    4.Lex Humana
    Natural Law - participation in eternal law by
    rational creatures, Human Law, Divisions of 5.Ius gentium / law becomes corrption of
    Human Law - effort of reason - deviation from Ius civilie law - directed to common
    reason unjust law - human law necessary - virtue welfare of the city -
    can be learned and perfected through repeated moderate and capable of
    action (Aristotelian) - ius gentium (law of peoples) modification
    social interaction derived from natural law. Ius
    civile (civil law)

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