CHEM 1701 – Week 9 – Note Taking Template

Chemistry I for Pre-Health Sciences

IUPAC – Naming and Drawing Covalent Compounds

LO 5.1 Apply IUPAC rules to write formulas for and name covalent compounds

1) How do you know if a compound is covalent or ionic?

Covalent Compound Ionic Compound

 If the two bonded elements are  If the two bonded elements comprise
NONMETAL. one METAL and one NONMETAL.

2) Complete the table below.

Prefix tri hexa deca penta mono hepta nona di tetra

Quantity 3 6 10 5 1 7 9 2 4

3) Complete the table below by providing each covalent compound's IUPAC name or chemical formula.

IUPAC Name Chemical formula

Nitrogen dioxide NO2

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4

Sulphur dioxide SO2

Iodine pentafluoride IF5

Disulfur dichloride S2Cl2

Xenon difluoride XeF2

Iodine heptafluoride IF7

Phosphorus pentachloride PCl5

Boron trifluoride BF3

Sulphur hexafluoride SF6

Xenon tetrafluoride XeF4

Dichlorine heptaoxide or heptoxide Cl2O7

Dinitrogen pentaoxide or pentoxide N2O5

Carbon dioxide CO2

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 Sulphur tetrafluoride SF4

4) Look at the information provided in column A. Then, look at a student’s answers in column B. All solutions
in column B are incorrect. Circle the error in column B and write the , core answer in column B and in
column C.

A B C
Information provided Students incorrect answer Explain the error and write the correct answer

SbBr3
antimony tribromide SBBR3 (The element symbol was incorrect because if
the element has two letters, the second letter
should be in a lower-case form)
B6Si
hexaboron silicide B6S
(The symbol for silicon is “Si,” not “S,”
because that’s for sulfur.)
ClO2
chlorine dioxide CEO
(The element oxygen should have the
subscript of 2.)

HI
hydrogen iodide IH (The arrangement of the chemical formula is
incorrect; you should follow the first name in
the name of the chemical element.)

IF5
iodine pentafluoride I5F (The placement of the subscript is incorrect;
you should be aware in listing the chemical
formula.)
N2O3
dinitrogen trioxide O3N2
(Again, the arrangement of the element in the
chemical formula is incorrect.)

PI3
phosphorus triiodide P3I3 (Misidentification of the name should be
“mono,” which means one or insert the
element symbol.)
Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide
P4S5 phosphorus hexasulfide
(Be aware in the subscript of the chemical
formula: in short, the prefixes.)

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 Oxygen

O2 *tricky dioxide (If you can see, the O2 is just a single element,
so basically, it is “mono.” Anyway, it’s just my
assumption. I am not sure what the reasons
are behind it.)
Selenium hexafluoride
SeF6 selenium hexafluorine (if we name COVALENT compound, we should
always know that we REPLACE it by IDE at the
very last end of the SECOND word.)

Disilion hexabromide
Si2Br6 disilicon pentabromide
(look at the subscripts and find the
appropriate prefixes)

Sulfur tetrachloride

SCl4 tetrasulfur chloride (The input of the prefixes is incorrect, be

mindful and always check where the
subscripts are located and then find the
appropriate prefixes.)
Carbon tetrahydride
(First, if the chemical formula in the FIRST
ELEMENT has “one” or, in other words,
CH4 monocarbon tetrahydrogen “mono” and you want to name it, you should
NOT put the word “mono” but instead leave it
out and write the original name of the element.
Second, the in COVALENT compound, you
should always know that we REPLACE it by
IDE at the very last end of the SECOND word.)
Diboron monosilicide

B2Si dibarium silicon (First, the misidentification of the element

symbol. Second, should always have “mono”
on the second word and replace the con with
“ide.”)

IUPAC – Naming and Drawing Ionic Compounds

LO 5.2 Apply IUPAC rules to write formulas for and name ionic compounds with monatomic, multivalent and
polyatomic ions

5) Ionic compounds form when a metal and non-metal bond.

6) Why are Roman numerals sometimes used when naming some ionic compounds?

Because some elements in the periodic table have various ions in their ingredients
(Multivalent ions) but have the same element symbol or name like, for example, “Copper (II)
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 ion and Copper (I) ion.

7) Lithium nitride is Li3N. Lithium nitrate is LiNO3. How will you differentiate between something like nitride and
nitrate?

IDE is for non-metal compounds or an anion, while ATE is for more oxygen.

8) Identify the ‘ingredients’ in each ionic compound using the labels monoatomic ion, multivalent ion, or
polyatomic ion. The first one has been done for you as an example.

Li3N LiNO3 Ca(NO3)2 FeCO3 FeCl3

Li: monoatomic Ca: monoatomic Fe: multivalent Fe: multivalent
Li: monoatomic ion ion ion ion ion
N: monoatomic ion NO3: polyatomic NO3: polyatomic CO3: polyatomic Cl3: monoatomic
ion ion ion ion

9) Ionic compounds with and without polyatomic ions: Determine the ionic compound made from the
following metal and nonmetal/polyatomic combinations. Use the ‘balancing charges’ method. The first two
have been done for you as examples.

Nonmetal or Final
Metal Total Charge
Polyatomic Structure
Ca+2 Br-1
Calcium Bromine Br-1 CaBr2
Total charge: +2 -2
Li+1 NO3-
Lithium Nitrate LiNO3
Total charge: +1 -1

Calcium Chlorine CaCl2

Magnesium Bromine MgBr2

Aluminum Chlorine AlCl3

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 Aluminum Chlorate Al(ClO3)3

Aluminum Carbonate Al2(CO3)3

10) Simple ionic compounds [no multivalent, no polyatomic]: Write the chemical formula or IUPAC
name for the following. Use whichever method you prefer: balance the charges or the crossover rule.

IUPAC name Chemical formula IUPAC name Chemical formula

Magnesium chloride MgCl2 Magnesium bromide MgBr2

Calcium bromide CaBr2 Rubidium fluoride RbF

Sodium fluoride NaF Potassium sulfide K2S

Aluminum oxide Al2O3 Sodium oxide Na2O

Calcium phosphide Ca3P2 Aluminum oxide Al2O3

Lithium oxide Li2O Calcium chloride CaCl2

11) Determining which multivalent is present: When a multivalent ion is in a chemical formula, it’s tricky
to know which one is there (i.e. is it Fe2+ or Fe3+?) One way to figure it out is to use the crossover rule to
test each ion, and another option is to balance the charges.

Example: What is the IUPAC name of FeCl3?

Option 1: Use the crossover rule Option 2: Balance the charges.

to test the Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions.

Fe2+: Fe2+ Cl- FeCl3 has 1 Fe ion, 3 Cl ions

Crossover = FeCl2 Balance charges Fe3+ Cl-
Name: iron (II) chloride Cl-
___ Cl-
3+ 3+ -
Fe : Fe Cl 3+ 3-
Crossover = FeCl3
Name: iron (III) chloride
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 Therefore, it must be the Fe3+ ion. Consequently, it must be the Fe3+ ion.
The compound is iron (III) chloride. The combination is iron (III) chloride.

Now it’s your turn. Determine the multivalent ion in each compound using the crossover and balancing
charges method.

Ionic What are the

Option 1: Crossover Rule
compound two charges Option 2:
Test each ion and use the
w/multivalen the multivalent Balance the charges
crossover rule
t ion can have?
Test 1: Fe2+ ion Test 2: Fe3+ ion  FeCl2 has 1 Fe ion, 2 Cl ions
 For the charges to balance and
Fe2+ Cl- Fe3+ Cl- produce FeCl2, the iron must be
= FeCl2 = FeCl3 the Fe2+ ion.
Fe2+
= iron (II) chloride = iron (III) chloride
FeCl2
Fe2+ Cl-
Fe3+ 2+
FeCl2 is made using the Fe ion. ___ Cl-
Therefore this is iron (II) chloride. 2+ 2-

The compound is iron (II) chloride

CuCl2

Cu2O

PbO
*tricky

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 Sn(ClO3)2
*tricky

12) Challenging ionic compounds [multivalent ions, polyatomic]: Write the chemical formula or IUPAC
name for the following. Use whichever method you prefer: balance the charges or the crossover rule.

Chemical
IUPAC name Chemical formula IUPAC name
Formula

Cu+ I- Cu+ O2-

Copper (I) iodide Cu2O
= CuI =Cu2O

Pb4+ O2-
Fe3+ O2-
Lead (IV) oxide =Pb2O4 Fe2O3
= Fe2O3
=PbO2

Fe3+ Cl-
Cu2+ Br-
Iron (III) chloride CuBr2
=FeCl3
= CuBr2

CHEM 1701 – Week 9 Note Taking Template Page 7 of 8

 Mn2+ (CO3)2-
Fe2+ Cl-
MnCO3
Iron (II) chloride = Mn2 (CO3)2
=FeCl2 *polyatomic
= MnCO3 or Mn(CO3)

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