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by
Harold E. Puthoff
RU5S211 Targ
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Electronics and Bioengineering Laboratory
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Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100130001-8
I OBJECTIVE
A. Applied Research
1. Remote Vie\oling
our subjects. As will be seen below, for example, the channel appears
Jj
~
(b) the effects of manipulating the feedback variable over the range
(H.P.) leaves the area and pr~ceeds to a remote location of his choosing.
., None of the experimenters with the subject ~now of the remote target
.j
location. H.P. and R.T. are in two-way radio communication via walkie-
data and (b) to give the subject immediate'feedback after he has made
,j
"
summary of the ~even experiments of this type that were carried out. The
first five experiments were carried out with Subject S-4, the last two
on the top, and some gray shingles, like a roof, over water, an almost
t,
f·,
.' error-free description of the location. Although there was no corrective
lhere Has any radio contact the subject said that her main perception was
in the shape of a wooden cylindrical tower with a broHn Hooden roof. The
structure is about 15 feet tall. The subject's first words, before radio
to\ver \.;rith a brown' roof." This WE..S considered a direct hit and the subject
was told that this was the case. The subject went on to describe correctly
the roof around the tower as sloping but she incorrectly described the
tower as square. The small-size perspective \.;ras not observed by the subject.
through a park. The subj ect' s first comments are of a "strong zigzag".
",ater channel with concrete sides". We are confident that the feedback
she received in this case by questioning could not have conveyed this
information.
his immediate forward field of view was a large circular brick ",all sur-
brick elliptical wall that ",as nonfunctional. The subject was then given
feedback that the primary things to be seen from that location were in
tOl.,er on which was mounted radar equipment. The tOlver is painted yellOl.,
and has a wooden ",all enclosing the top. By and large, much of the
the color or the tower were mentioned, although the height ",as not
along a footpath through the gras3, and then stood next to a fountain.
I
,-
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,
1 The subject described the above material essentially ,vithout feedback or
",hich 11('. identified as an asphalt parking lot behind the experimenter, and
told that there ,vas a blue building nearby. Hheil this was confirmed, the
suhject ,vent on to descrlbe a white footpath through grass and entry into
a depressed area. The subject then asked if the area ,vas a fountain,
"
.' We stres~ again that this particular series, involving as it
"
does mid-experiment questioning and feedback, is to be considered a
TABLE 1
1. Embankment with bridge and stream Hill with vegetation at top only
sides
5. Large oak tree next to brick Large chestnut tree and non-
6. 100 foot wooden radar tower Stone wall taller than experimenter
fountain
perceive directly the target location with this normal senses, he might
advanced potential wave carrying his future memory backward in time, thus
summary does not do justice to the theory, it is clear that the \-1ay to
With the two goals of testing the Feinberg hypothesis and measuring
domly intermixed. The protocol for all experiments involved one of the
1
1
minutes to arrive at his target location. He would then pay close attention
to his surroundings for ten minutes, after ~lich he would return to SRI.
In th~ first five experiments, H.P. was the outbound experimenter, in the
last three experiments the experimenter roles were reversed with R.T. as
founttain and small trees planted in rows. During the experiment, the
garden with a little dry fountain in the middle. Other elements that
the subject described were a wrought iron fence, a trough leading to the
correct descriptions, the subject also described a blue sign and railroad
tracks behind a· fence. These latter elements are not present at the site.
the place and would allow for easy discrimination from the other target
locations that follow. Except for the two incorrect data noted above,
house its mobile radio transmitter. Puthoff walked back and forth outside
this stainless steel trailer for the ten minutes of the experiment. In
the experiment.
verging metal spokes. Her impression was that the metal spokes divided
the space of a circular area rimmed by some other material. She submitted
height in diameter. Since the content of her ten minute description dealt
found in the scale of the description, and of course her omission of the
4) The fourth target was a wooden bulletin board kiosk, used earlier
feet high with a conical roof having a three foot overhang. Mid-test
.,
.,
;;
be made 'concerning the fact that while at the target location the experi-
..;., 112mese childten mained during the war. A separate test series would be
\'lalked on the ,.]Ooden 2x2 header bordering the concrete pad. Hid-test
first impression prior to any communication was that the experimenter Has
tightrope ,·,ralking on a long narrm" ledge out in the open, as, for example,
about 4 miles from SRI. The outbound experimenter, R.T. in this case,
in a sancl box.
movement the Hhole time, happy, joyful, etc. She also claimed to see an
the ambience of the place was \"ell conveyed by the subject's descriptions.
There was feedback to the subject only the day following the experiment.
stage and red carpets throughout. The outbound experimenter was R.T ..
well-lit room. The subj ect smV' a scalloped design covering this interior
space, in reds and maroons, and submitted a drm'1ing vlhich matched \'1ell
leaving the brightly lit area (stage) after five minutes and moving to a
This was the first indoor target area we have used with this
and ambience, though again the significance ,V'as not cognized. Post-
or kite at the end of the solemn hall. The outside is correctly described
as gray masonry with cutouts for ~vindows. The remote experimenter (R.T.)
cation was used in some of these experiments, this series was not intended
ever obtained from a remote viewing experiment. In this case the subject
supporting evidence from the spoked wheel drawing from experiment 2, that
of the data and conversations with the subject, it appears that the exis-
personality dependent.
TABLE 2
Type of
Remote Site Evaluation
Feedback
'.
we made at the conclusion of that work was that the quality, acc~racy, and
laboratory equipment of the type with which they may not be familiar.
what they saw rather than name the object. There were four experiments
of SRI where the subject had not been previously. The experimenter then
used the equipment in the appropriate manner for ten minutes, after \Vhi·ch
he returned to the laboratory. The subject \Vas asked both to describe the
~
(c) Technology Series
we made at the conclusion of that work was that the quality, acc~racy, and
laboratory equipment of the type with which they may not be familiar.
\vhat they saw rather than name the object. There ,,,ere four experiments
of SRI where the subject had not been previously. The experimenter then
used the equipment in the appropriate manner for ten minutes, after \vhich
he returned to the laboratory. The subject was asked both to describe the
and a seat for the pilot. It is very cramped quarters for anyone over six
to a printed flight plan book. This plan book is six inches high and 22
inches wide "hen open. The windows were frosted and translucent.
-'i
The subject's description was 'essentially devoid
f
of incorrect statements. An element that appeared throughout was a shiny
porcelain object like a bathtub. The subject had the definite impression
that the experimenter was crowded into a very small space, with his head
touching the ceiling (correct). She said that the inside had only gray
doing something with both hands. She also descriped a long paper, like
a waiter's tmvel, over the arm, which appears to correspond well \vith
the flight plan book which vlaS held in this manner. Although the subj ect' s
description would not necessarily lead 'one to recognize the target location
2) Target Number T\vO in the series was a video monitor used \vi th a
big box painted matt black in the center of a large room. The front of
the box was said to have a glass porthole like a washing machine with
blue light coming out of it. She described the experimenter as looking
is not cognized.
The target was a seven-foot-high, belt-driven drill press, \-lhich \-las used
_._----,
by the outbound experimenter (R.T.) to drill holes in a piece of wood for
with wheels, gears, and some sort of conveyer belt. She drew a picture
"anchor or umbrella" which she drew as a hub with four spokes, at the
end of each of vlhich was a knob. This resembles accurately the handle
which is used to raise and lower the drill. She also drew a vertically-
depth of drill motion. The three drawings together with her verbal
class of possibilities.
These three targets were described by Subject S-4. Her only input
information was that the experimenters would make use of some laboratory
from each other, and that varying amounts of technically correct information
The target is shown-in Figure 1. The target objec-t for this experiment
was purchased on the day of the experiment in New York City for the purpose
After the abacus was purchased, the subject was called and asked to take
the entire experimental preamble for the subject which had been carefully
Pre-recorded Preamble:
New York this morning and we bought an object. This object is of the type
that one interacts,vith, and Hal will use it for its normal purpose. Today
we'd like to ask you to describe the object as you see it rather tban
Shortly after the subj ect entered the hotel room, one experimenter
(H.P.) took a large locked suitcase containing the target into the wash
room. He locked the door and removed the abacus from the suitcase. He
then quietly moved the wooden balls back and forth on their wires. We
had verified in setting up the experiment that this action was inaudible.
.·i
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18
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100130001-8
(Figure 2(1 J)which he said was "it", although he didn't know what "it"
,,,as. (The large purplish-silver object corresponds well ,,,i th the interior
of the suitcase.)
The experimenter then asked the subject for more detail. A see;ond
drawing (Figure 2(11» was produced by the subject who described the object
as a "game box with little balls". He felt that that Has all he could do
and showed him the target object. The entire experiment took place in
as far as the subject was concerned, it appears that the correlation of the
significant result.
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Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : GtA-RDP96-00787R 00100130001-8
Approved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100130001-8
Table 3
2. 23" Video Honitor with keyboard Big black box in center of room.
Glass porthole with blue light. Switches
underneath porthole.
not at this time know whether their ignorance of the ~ossible target pool
for this experiment (S-3) was given map coordinates in degrees and minutes
and told only that the target was a technical facility. The subject's
Again, the wind was blovling. The sun was reflecting off the
ground, and it seemed dusty. There appeared to be huge fenced
perimeters (steel fencing?). There are hills or mountains to
the south, and also some high-power voltage lines. There is
a marsh (?) to the NNW.
22
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- '",-
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B. Basic Research
phenomena.
As this report goes to press, Sul-jects 4 and 6 have completed the required
series of nine sites, and the results will be judged and included in the
following report.
.~
one of the three screening tests. The target is in the form of on~ of
ator. The generator does not indicate its choice until the subject
choice. Until that time both subject and experimenter remain ignorant
The machine choice, subject choice, cumulative trial number, and cumulative
100 25-trial runs (i.e., a total of 2500 trials). Since Progress Report
H3, an additional subject (S-4) has completed the required number of runs.
"
"
The machine screening data now stands as shown in Table 4.
Table 4
I 25.76 0.22
2 29.36 3 x 10- 7
4 25.76 0.22
6 25.40 0.33
Subjects
The rmV' data for subj ects 2, 3, and 6 are included in Appendices 2, 3,
..
':
find ll. Summarized data and interpretation 'viII follow at program
completion.
Complete medico.l
Faliiily his tory
2. Laooratol'Y Examinations
S;,IA-12 panel blood chemistl'i8S
Protein electrophorosis
Blood lipid profile
Urinalyses
·-'J
Serology
Blood type and factor
Pulmonary function screenin6"
Electrocardiogram 12-lead
3
3. Neurological Examination
Comprehensive
Electroencephalogram, sleeping and routine
0 0 0 0
. ,
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0
0
0 0 0
0"'. 0 0° 0
4. Audiometric Examination
:5 0° 0° 0°
",0
0° U 0°
° 0° Comprehensi ve
Bekesy bone conduction
Speech discrimination
·'G
.- 0° 0
0° 0 o 0110 0° 0
0
5.
Impedance bridge test
Opthalmologist Examination
Comprehensive
.'7
0° 0° 0° 0°
0° 0° 0° Card testing
Peripheral field test
Muscle test
.C'
:0:)
0° 0° 0° 0° 0° 0° 0° Dilation fundus cope
Indirect opthalmoscopic and fundus examination
-'
.j 6. Special Visual Examinations
Electroretinogram (Stanford Mcd.)
~ <l-Completed Dark adaptation test (Stanford Med.)
Scheduled -t ~ Visual contrast sensitivity (SRI)
"
!
I",~ 0 C) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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to Paranormal Activities
channel. The alpha filter is a sharp cut-off digital type with essentially
his perceptions as to the nature of the remote target. His comments are
tape recorded and noted on the polygraph, along with the time. A corre-
polygraph recording. Of the correlates being monitored, the one which seems
Hitchell at the American Society for Psychical Research made very similar
A major input to the researchers Puthoff and Targ during the reporting
phenomena and energy. TIle attendees and their affiliations are given
outcome of the papers (and discussions \lhich follm.;ed) was that data
the fallm·ling:
and thus the magnitude cons~~aint. That is, when a subject is asked to
had been brought into phase coherence. (Such an interpretation does not
30
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."::!-",.
.,\ .
Table 7
Haryland, U.S.A.
London, England.
U.S.A.
England.
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· Afproved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100130001-8
!f:
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systems, in order to maximize possible effects due to the introduction
I
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of order.
f
f
being the result of the perversity of nature, the observed goal-oriented
F.
f
synchronici ty may indicate that physical systems are more easily m::mipu-
l
I{ Iv.ted at the global level of boundary conditions and constraints rather
[
t, than at the level of m.echanism. Thus, the apparency that a give~ desired
f
~ result can be explained away by a coincidental but "natural" event needs
worst, such causal links may in fact be unobservable in the sense of the
result that the phenomena are often considered to be not under good control,
tion in this area s~nply needs to be treated in the manner of, for example,
(4) Possibly related to item (3), the more closely one attempts
Appendix I.) Therefore, the experiments of Section II A.I. (b) were carried
As indicated in the summary, the results obtained in that series are deemed
'~len one considers how best to utilize such a channel, one is led to the
of utilitarian value.
shown in Table 7.* Each binary digit to be sent through the cllannel is
-/<T 1 . . •
atlng lnto account the uneven distribution of letter frequencies ln
English text, this code is chosen such that 0 arid 1 have equal probability.
t .
l
Table 7
I R
I
1l1l0
00010
V
B
10110
01010
I 0 ll101 ¢ 10101
I
A 00011 1 01011
S,X,Z 11100 2 10100
D 00100 3 01100
H 1l01l 4 10011
L 00101 5 01101
C,K,Q 11010 6 10010
F 00110 7 01110
p 11001 8 10001
U 00111 9 01lll
M 11000 10000
36
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) ""
pproved For Release 2000/08/10 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000100130001-8
illcthod gives a rule of procedure for making one of three possible decisions
follmving the receipt of each bit: (1) accept "1" as the bit being trans-
Iated, (2) reject "1" as the bit being trai1smitted (Le., accept "0", or
bits required per message bit is not fixed prior to transmission, but
methods is that, on the average, f.ewer bits per decision are required for
I
f:
2) q2' the unacceptable level of fraction misses for receipt of a
given binary digit, say "I", indicating "receipt of the alternative
digi t, say "0". For ~rb :::: 0.1 and the symmetrical binary channel
I 3)
4)
under consideration, we take q
Ct,
With the parameters thus specified, the sequential sampling nrocedure pro-
vides for construction of a decision graph as shovm in Figure 4." A cumulative
record of receiver-generated responses to the target bit is complled until
either the upper or lower limit line is" reached, at which point a decision
is made to accept "0" or "1" as the bit being transmitted.
Channsl reliability (probability of correctly determining message being
transmi tted) as a function of operative psi parameter ,!~ is plotted in Figure 5.
is coded in the form of projected slides viewed by the sender. Eacl1 slide
next slide sequence is begun, etc., until the entire message has been
received.
Furthermore, bit rates for other degrees of reliability (i.e., for other
over the same data base, and thus provide a measure of the bit rate per
Table 8
11 a"
black and vhite color
indoor outdoor
objects people
stillness motion
artificial natural
. Figure 4
SEQUENTIAL SAL'HPLING PROCEDURE
ql = 0.4, q2 = 0.6, 0: = 0.01, (3 = 0.01
1--
U)
Z
<C 50
c.:JLU
<C U
Z
U)LU
~::J 40
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1-- U) DECISION 1
<::(
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"<.:J 30 the B it Being
lJ...«
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r:r: LU
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2r- DECISION 2
~. L.tJ
Accept "0" as
z<.:J
.0: 10 the B it Being
LU« Transmitted
>1-
1-. :
« .... 0
--1:
~ 0 10 20 30 40 50 . - 60 70 80
:;z:
::J NUMBER OF TRIALS
U
j
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) 41
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I
Figure 5
OPERATING CHARACfERISTIC CURVE
FOR SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING PROCEDURE
qI = 004, q2 = 0.6, ex = 0.01, {3 = 0.01
>_1.0r-'l~~:=J::-T--r---r-r-'--'
:;:;~
g~
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ou ",
c 0.8
...... ro
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ww
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c: -0
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+0.4 +0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4
1/1 (psi parameter) .
Figure 6
AVERAGE SAl\lPLE NUMBER FOR
SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING PROCEDURE
qi = 0.4, q2 = 0.6, a = 0.01, (3 = 0.01
0 140
(j)W
-lZ
<.(-
-<t 120
CCI-
1-00
0 100
u...
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CCz 80
UJo
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CCcc
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o 20
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co
0
+0.4 +0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4
t/J (psi parameter) ,
REFERENCES
II
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APPENDIX 2
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APPENDIX 3
Subject 3
Sub j '.'C t 6