Sub-categories:

 Utilitarian
 Decorative
 Therapeutic
 Communicative
 Intellectual ends
In its broadest form art may be considered an exploration of the human condition, or a product
of the human experience.
The purpose of works of art may be
1. To communicate political, spiritual, or philosophical ideas, to create a sense of beauty
2. To explore the nature if perception, for pleasure, or to generate strong emotions. Its
purpose may also be seemingly nonexistent
The nature of art has been described by philosopher Richard Wollheim as “one of the most
elusive of the traditional problems of human culture”
Thinkers influenced by Martin Heidegger
 Art as the means by which a community develops for itself a medium for self-expression
and interpretation.
Art is a form of communication
- It means whatever the artist intends it to mean, and this meaning is shaped by the
materials, techniques, and forms it make use of, as well as the ideas and feelings it
creates in its viewers.
Art is an act of expressing feelings, thoughts, and observations.

Beauty in terms of art usually refers to an interaction between line, color, texture, sound,
shape, motion, and size that is pleasing to the senses.

- A branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and appreciation of art, beauty, and
taste.
Aesthetics is central to any exploration of art. The word “aesthetic” is derived from the
Greek “aisthetikos”, meaning “esthetic, sensitive, or sentient”.
In practice, aesthetic judgment refers to the sensory contemplation or appreciation of
an object [not necessarily a work of art], while artistic judgment refers to the
recognition, appreciation, or criticism of a work of art.

“The aesthetic experience of beauty is a common judgment of a subjective, but common,

human truth.” By Immanuel Kant

Michelangelo, the Creation of Adam, the Sistine Chapel

 For Arthur Schopenhauer, “aesthetic contemplation of beauty is freest and most pure
that intellect can be.”

He believes that only in terms of aesthetics do we contemplate perfection of form

without any kind of worldly agenda.

Sometimes beauty is no the artist’s ultimate goal. Art is often intended to appeal to and
connect with, human emotion.

Artists may express something so that their audience stimulated in some way—creating
feelings, religious faith, curiosity, interest, identification with a group, memories,
thoughts or creativity.

An artist is a person who is involved in the wide range of activities that are related to
creating art.

The Greek word “techne” is the closest that exists to “art” and means “mastery of any
art or craft”.

From the Latin “tecnicus” derives the English words “technique”, “technology”, and
“technical”.
From these words we can denote the ancient and standard of equating art with manual labor or
craft.
The word “artista” referred to something resembling “craftsman”, or “student of arts.”
The first division into “major” and “minor” arts dates back to the 1400s with the work of Leon
Battista Albert.
- Which focused on the importance of the intellectual skills of the arts rather than the
manual skills of a craftsman.

 Applied arts apply design and aesthetics to objects of everyday use

 Fine arts serve as intellectual stimulation

The term “artist” typically refers to anyone who is engaged in an activity that is deemed to be
an art form.

The term “contemporary art” refers to art made and produced by artists living today.
CULTURALLY DIVERSE
Technologically advancing
Multifaced
Has a wide range of mediums Challenge
This art is a dynamic combination of traditional
 Materials boundaries and
 Methods defy easy
 Concepts definition.
 Subject

Contemporary art mirrors contemporary culture and society offering teachers, students, and
general audiences a rich resource through which to consider current ideas and rethink the
familiar.
Diverse and eclectic, contemporary art is distinguished by the very lack of uniform organizing
principle, ideology, or -ism.

Key difference
Contemporary art
- Represents the recent or present art

Traditional art
- Represents the historical culture, skills, and knowledge.

Aesthetic- basic function is to depict a scene or tells a story

Visual art- painting and sculpture
Architecture

 Part of any culture, skills and knowledge of a group or generation of people.

 ARTWORKS done with the hands, such as the painting, printmaking, sculpture, etc.
 Reflects the art forms of previous generations, their lifestyle, thoughts and belief.
CONTEMPORARY ART
 Present day art
 Ideas and concerns which are solely aesthetic (the look of the work)
 Postmodern concepts
 Reflects Modernism
Contemporary means to be “in continuation”, that is, these art forms reflects creation of
lifetimes.
 CONTEMPORARY ART CLASSICAL ART
SHORT An art produced at the present period Traditional art is a folk art, which encompasses
DESCRIPTION in time. the art produced from an indigenous culture,
peasants or other laboring trade people
THEY REFLECTED They reflect modern ideas and thoughts They reflect ancient ideas and thoughts in
which are subject to implement the order to represent their standard of living to
change in the society. the current generation or people.
REPRESENTS Can be represented in anything, and in Would be representational painting or
any medium. sculpture.
ARTIST TYPE The artists here are modernized The artists here belong to a specific group or
thinkers. community.
The heat haze, cornstooks, the The Indian famous art forms like

Modern art
- Refers to artistic works produced in the period beginning in the 1800s and ended in the
1970s
Contemporary art
- Follows modern art, beginning from the 1970s to now and ongoing.
CONTEMPORARY ART
 Produced by living artists, who produce the most up-to-date artworks
 Refers to work of arts made since the aftermath of WW2
CONTEMPORARY PERFORMANCE
 Is a hybrid work that integrates text, dance, objects, music, costumes, lighting, image,
sound, sets, and vocal expression into complex interactive systems.
 “Contemporary performance collages are often non-narrative, technically rigorous, and
carefully orchestrated archaic chaos. They unsettle perception, demand critical
engagement from audiences, address conceptual debates within aesthetics, draw on a
diverse range of cultural interests, and bring pleasure to populations across the globe.”
(Morgan P. Percelli)

Is produced by Filipino artists coming from the different regions in the Philippines in the 21 st
century.
The works reflect cultural diversity, technological advancement, and make use of a wide range
of mediums.
21st century refers to the year 2000 to the present.

1. Dominant/ Mainstream
- Foreign influenced, industry-driven, technology assisted, oriented for mass consumption
Ex. Ogie Alcasid, Sarah Geronimo
2. Alternative
- Usually social artist realist and/or advocacy-oriented
Ex. Individuals Joey Ayatla, Grace Nono, Kidlat Tahimik
Artist groups/ Collectives- practices are collaborative and interdisciplinary
Ex. 98b COLLABoratory, Ugatlahi artist collective, Sipat LAwin Ensemble, Neo-Angono Collective,
Anino Shadowplay Collective, Gerilya, Pimikpikan
3. Traditional/ Indigenous
- Preserves local traditions
Ex. GAMABA awardees- Samaon Sulaiman, Lang Dulay

1. RENAISSANCE ART
In Renaissance-era Italy, this antiquity-inspired approach materialized as:
 Humanist portrait painting
 Anatomically correct sculpture
 Harmonious, symmetrical architecture
2. BAROQUE
3. IMPRESSIONISM
Is a 19th century art movement characterized by:
 A relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes
 Open composition
 Ordinary subject matter, inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human
perception and experience, and unusual visual angles.