Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS
The system of relationships between persons and among groups

with regard to the division of activity and the functional

arrangement of mutual obligations within society.

Types of Social Organization

- Groups within a society

- In-Groups and Out-Groups

- Reference Groups

- Networks

CULTURAL VARIATIONS
Cultural variation refers to the differences in social behaviors that

different cultures exhibit around the world.

Types of Cultural Variations

- Differences in Gender

- Differences in Socioeconomic Class

- Differences in Ethnicity and Religion

- Differences in Exceptionality and Non-Exceptionality

- Differences in Nationality

ENCULTURATION AND SOCIALIZATION

Socialization is the lifelong social process where people develop

their individual potentials and learn or adapt culture.

Enculturation, on the other hand, is the process where an

individual or a group learns culture through experience or

observation