Nutrition

Lesson 1
Nutrients Your Body Needs
LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Building Vocabulary

Substances in foods that your body needs to grow,

nutrients
have energy, and stay healthy

The process of taking in food and using it for energy,

nutrition
growth, and good health

proteins The nutrient group used to build and repair cells

carbohydrates The nutrient group used to build and repair cells

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Building Vocabulary

A complex carbohydrate that the body cannot break

fiber
down or use for energy

Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you

fats
energy, and keep your skin healthy

saturated fats Fats that are usually solid at room temperature

A kind of fat formed when hydrogen is added to

trans fatty acids
vegetable oil during processing

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Building Vocabulary

unsaturated fats Fats that are usually liquid at room temperature

A waxy, fat-like substance that the body uses to

cholesterol
build cells and make other substances

vitamins Compounds that help to regulate body processes

Substances the body uses to form healthy bones

minerals and teeth, keep blood healthy, and keep the heart
and other organs working properly
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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Understanding Nutrients
Nutrients provide the building blocks needed to grow and to repair
your body.
Learning about nutrients, and nutrition can help you make more
healthful choices about the foods you eat.

New Vocabulary
nutrients Substances in foods that your body needs to grow, have energy, and stay
healthy

New Vocabulary
nutrition The process of taking in food and using it for energy, growth, and good health

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Understanding Nutrients

Helps the
Helps the Helps the
body repair
body build body produce
damaged
new tissue energy
cells

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Proteins

Proteins help your body heal. They are made of chemical building
blocks called amino acids. Foods such as meat, fish, eggs, dairy
products, and soybeans provide all the amino acids your body
needs.

New Vocabulary
proteins The nutrient group used to build and repair cells

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are your body’s main source of energy. About 45 to

65 percent of your daily energy needs some come from
carbohydrates.

New Vocabulary
carbohydrates The starches and sugars found in foods

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Carbohydrates

Two Types of Carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrates are Complex carbohydrates are
sugars. starches.

Fruit Potatoes

Milk Seeds

Honey Whole-grain cereals

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Carbohydrates

Fiber carries wastes out of your body. Eating high-fiber foods can
lower your risk of heart disease and some types of cancer.

New Vocabulary
fiber A complex carbohydrate that the body cannot break down or use for
energy

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Fats

Your body uses fats to build and maintain your cell membranes. Fats
also carry certain vitamins in your bloodstream.

New Vocabulary
fats Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your
skin healthy

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Fats

Fats

Saturated Fats Unsaturated Fats

Butter, cheese, fatty meats Plant foods such as olive oil,

nuts, and avocados

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in the blood.

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) HDL (high-density lipoprotein)

Collects on the walls of arteries and

Removes LDL from the arteries
forms plaque

Known as “bad cholesterol” Known as “good cholesterol”

Eating too much saturated fat can increase the body’s level of cholesterol.

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins and minerals are essential to your body’s health.

New Vocabulary
vitamins Substances that help your body fight infections and use other
nutrients, among other jobs

New Vocabulary
minerals Elements that help form healthy bones and teeth, and regulate
certain body processes

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins

Water-Soluble Fat-Soluble

Not stored in the body Stored in the body

Stored in the body’s fat until they

Must be consumed regularly
are needed.

The best way to get vitamins and minerals is to choose nutritious foods.

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Lesson Home
LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Water
Water
Helps digest and absorb food.

Regulates body temperature and blood circulation.

Carries nutrients and oxygen to cells.

Removes toxins and other wastes.

Cushions joints.

Protects tissues and organs from shock and damage.

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

BIG IDEA Each nutrient plays a specific role in keeping your body healthy.

Water

Dehydration is a lack of water in the body.

Teen girls should drink about nine cups of water per day and
teen boys should drink about 13 cups of water each day.

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LESSON 1

Nutrients Your Body Needs

Lesson 1 Review

Applying Health Skills

Practicing Healthful Behaviors Study your school’s
weekly lunch menu. Find the most healthful food
choices. Then make a plan to include these healthful
choices in your daily diet.

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