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    This document summarizes radial velocity time series data from observations of several stars made using the CES and HARPS instruments over multiple years. It finds significant long-period trends in some stars that can be explained by distant companions, and correlations between radial velocity and activity indicators in some stars that indicate stellar activity is contributing to observed trends. Residuals for some stars do not show significant excess variability after removing trends.

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    This document summarizes radial velocity time series data from observations of several stars made using the CES and HARPS instruments over multiple years. It finds significant long-period trends in some stars that can be explained by distant companions, and correlations between radial velocity and activity indicators in some stars that indicate stellar activity is contributing to observed trends. Residuals for some stars do not show significant excess variability after removing trends.

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    Zechmeister Et Al. 2013 Page 17

    Uploaded by

    Pierre-Cécil König
    This document summarizes radial velocity time series data from observations of several stars made using the CES and HARPS instruments over multiple years. It finds significant long-period trends in some stars that can be explained by distant companions, and correlations between radial velocity and activity indicators in some stars that indicate stellar activity is contributing to observed trends. Residuals for some stars do not show significant excess variability after removing trends.

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    M. Zechmeister et al.: The planet search programme at the ESO CES and HARPS. IV.

    Year Year
    1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
    9450 23220
    ζ Tuc (F9V)
    CES+LC 23200
    CES+VLC
    9400 HARPS 23180

    RV [m/s]
    23160
    RV [m/s]

    9350
    23140
    β Hyi (G2IV)
    23120 CES+LC
    9300 CES+VLC
    23100 HARPS
    2.7 m/s/yr
    P=4338 d
    9250 23080
    49000 50000
    51000 52000 53000 54000 55000 49000 50000 51000 52000 53000 54000 55000
    BJD - 2 400 000 BJD - 2 400 000
    Year Year
    1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
    -10600 12000

    11980 ν Phe (F8V)


    CES+LC
    CES+VLC
    -10650 11960 HARPS
    11940
    RV [m/s]

    RV [m/s]

    -10700 11920

    11900

    -10750 11880
    HR 209 (G1V)
    CES+LC
    CES+VLC 11860
    HARPS
    -10800 11840
    49000 50000
    51000 52000 53000 54000 55000 49000 50000
    51000 52000 53000 54000 55000
    BJD - 2 400 000 BJD - 2 400 000
    Year Year
    1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
    27800 -16480

    27780 τ Cet (G8V)


    CES+LC
    -16500 CES+VLC
    27760 HARPS
    27740 -16520
    RV [m/s]

    RV [m/s]

    27720

    27700 -16540

    27680 HR 506 (F9V)


    CES+LC -16560
    CES+VLC
    27660 HARPS
    P=963.0 d
    27640 -16580
    49000 50000 51000 52000 53000 54000 55000 49000 50000 51000 52000 53000 54000 55000
    BJD - 2 400 000 BJD - 2 400 000

    Fig. 19. Radial velocity time series (unbinned data). The error bars depict the internal measurement errors ∆RVi , i.e. not including jitter. LC (green
    open circles) and VLC (blue open diamonds) data are displayed with their measured offsets. Jumps in the curves indicates the difference between
    the measured (Sect. 3.5) and fitted (Sect. 4) LC-VLC offset. HARPS data are in red filled circles. The solid lines indicate significant models, while
    dashed lines illustrate less or non-significant alternative models. All models include secular acceleration. Model curves are shown for β Hyi (trend
    and long-period sinusoid, see text for discussion), and HR 506 (sinusoid).

    (Sect. 4.3, Table 5). Also, there is a marginally significant li- artificial, however an additional (positive or negative) con-
    near correlation of the RVs with BIS and FWHM and there- tribution to the trend by activity cannot be excluded. After
    fore stellar activity could contribute to the trend as well. removing the trend, there is no significant correlation or ex-
    HR 6416: GJ 666 B can explain the trend of 9.4 m/s (Sect. 4.3, cess variability.
    Table 5). A trend is a sufficient model. The residuals do not HR 8323: the listed significant period of 1372 d is caused by a
    exhibit significant excess variability. stellar magnetic cycle. All three activity indicators show si-
    HR 7703: a trend is a sufficient model and the value of 3.6 m/s milar variations and strong correlations with RVs (Fig. B.30,
    (Sect. 4.3, Table 5) can be explained by GJ 783 B. Therefore Tables A.4 and A.5). The observed slope of 98 ± 10 m/s/dex
    the formally significant RV-log R!HK correlation should be (Table A.4) agrees well with the predicted RV-log R!HK

    A78, page 17 of 62

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