BADB1014 Quantitative Methods

Tutorial

Hypothesis Testing

1. A consumer advocacy group suspects that a local supermarket’s 10-ounce packages of

cheddar cheese actually weigh less than 10 ounces. The group took a random sample of 40
such packages and found that the mean weight for the sample was 9.955 ounces. The
population follows a normal distribution with the population standard deviation of 0.15 ounce.
Use α = 0.01 to test that a local supermarket’s 10-ounce packages of cheddar cheese weigh
less than 10 ounces. Use both the p-value and conventional approach.

2. A consumer advocacy group suspects that a local supermarket’s 10-ounce packages of

cheddar cheese actually weigh 10 ounces. The group took a random sample of 25 such
packages and found that the mean weight for the sample was 9.955 ounces. The population
follows a normal distribution with the population standard deviation of 0.15 ounce. Use α =
0.05 to test that a local supermarket’s 10-ounce packages of cheddar cheese weigh is 10
ounces. Use both the p-value and conventional approach.

3. The president of a university claims that the mean time spent studying by all students at this
university is not more than 7 hours per week. A random sample of 10 students taken from this
university showed that they spent an average of 9.50 hours partying the previous week with a
sample standard deviation of 2.3 hours. Test at the 2.5% significance level whether the
president’s claim is true.

4. The president of a university claims that the mean time spent partying by all students at this
university is different from 7 hours per week. A random sample of 20 students taken from this
university showed that they spent an average of 9.50 hours partying the previous week with a
sample standard deviation of 2.3 hours. Test at the 1% significance level whether the
president’s claim is true.

5. When working properly, a machine that is used to make chips for calculators does not produce
more than 4% defective chips. Whenever the machine produces more than 4% defective
chips, it needs an adjustment. To check if the machine is working properly, the quality control
department at the company often takes samples of chips and inspects them to determine if
they are good or defective. One such random sample of 200 chips taken recently from the
production line contained 12 defective chips. Use 2.5% significance level to test the
hypothesis that the machine needs an adjustment. Use both the p-value and conventional
approach

6. According to a study conducted in 2019, 18% of shoppers said that they prefer to buy generic
instead of name-brand products. Suppose that in a recent sample of 1500 shoppers, 315
stated that they prefer to buy generic instead of name-brand products. At a 5% significance
level, can you conclude that the proportion of all shoppers who currently prefer to buy generic
instead of name-brand products is 18%? Use both the p-value and conventional approach.
Key formulas

Two means independent samples

Single mean (known σ) Single proportion (known σ1 and σ2)
x́−μ ṕ− p x́ 1−x́ 2
z= z= z=
σ p(1−p)
√n √ n √ σ 21 σ 22
+
n1 n 2

Two means independent samples Dependent samples

Single mean (unknown σ) (unknown σ1 and σ2) d́
x́−μ x́ 1−x́ 2 t=
t= t= sd
s
√n √ s 2p
( n1 + n1 )
1 2
√n
2

s2p=
2
( n1−1 ) s + ( n2−1 ) s
1

n1 +n2−2
2
2
sd =
√ ∑ ( d−d́ )
n−1

d́=
∑d
df= n1 + n2 -2
n
df=n-1