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2021 JC2 Pratice
2021 JC2 Pratice
2021 JC2 Pratice
Qn Solution
1 Given that θ is a sufficiently small angle,
[4] 1
sin 2θ + cos θ
1
≈
θ2
2θ + 1 −
2
−1
θ2
≈ 1 + 2θ −
2
θ 2 ( −1)( −2 )
2
θ2
= 1 + ( −1) 2θ − + 2θ − + ...
2 2! 2
θ2
+ ( 2θ ) + ...
2
1 2θ +
=−
2
9
≈ 1 − 2θ + θ 2
2
9
where a =
−2, b =
2
Qn Solution
2 dy y − 2 y + 5 2
[6] =
dx y−2
y − 2 dy
2 =1
y − 2 y + 5 dx
y−2
∫ y 2 − 2 y + 5 dy = ∫ 1 dx
1 2 ( y − 2)
∫ 2 y 2 − 2 y + 5 dy = ∫ 1 dx
1 2y − 4
∫ 2 y 2
− 2 y + 5
dy = ∫ 1 dx
1 2y − 2 2
∫ 2
− 2
2 y − 2 y + 5 y − 2 y + 5 ∫ 1 dx
dy =
1 2y − 2 2
2 ∫ y 2 − 2 y + 5 ( y − 1)2 + 22 ∫ 1 dx
− dy =
2
Qn Solution
1 1 y − 1
ln y 2 − 2 y + 5 − 2 tan −1 = x + c
2 2 2
1 y − 1
ln ( y 2 − 2 y + 5 ) − tan −1 =x + c
2 2
When x = 0 , y = 1 ,
1
ln 4 − tan −1 ( 0 ) =
0+c
2
1
=c = ln 4 ln 2
2
1 y − 1
ln ( y 2 − 2 y + 5 ) − tan −1 = x + ln 2
2 2
Qn Solution
3(i) ( x ) ln ( 2 + 2sin x )
f=
[3]
2 cos x
f '( x) =
2 + 2sin x
cos x
=
1 + sin x
− sin x − 1
=
(1 + sin x )
2
− ( sin x + 1)
=
(1 + sin x )
2
−1
=
1 + sin x
Therefore, k = −1 .
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Method 2: Apply Product Rule
3
Qn Solution
cos x
f '( x) = ( cos x )(1 + sin x )
−1
=
1 + sin x
f '' ( x ) ( cos x )(1 + sin x )
−1
=
− cos 2 x sin x
= −
(1 + sin x )
2
1 + sin x
− cos 2 x − sin x (1 + sin x )
=
(1 + sin x )
2
− ( sin x + 1)
=
(1 + sin x )
2
−1
=
1 + sin x
Therefore, k = −1 .
3(ii) −1
f '' ( x ) = =− (1 + sin x )
−1
[4] 1 + sin x
f ''' ( x =
) (1 + sin x ) ( cos x )
−2
When x = 0 ,
f ( 0) =
ln ( 2 + 2sin 0 ) =
ln 2
cos 0
f ' ( 0)
= = 1
1 + sin 0
−1
f '' ( 0 ) = = −1
1 + sin 0
f ''' ( 0 ) = (1 + sin 0 ) ( cos 0 ) =
−2
1
Therefore,
( x ) ln ( 2 + 2sin x )
f=
1 2 1 3
= ln 2 + x − x + x + ...
2 6
3(iii) 2 2 1 2 1 3
[1] ∫0 f ( x ) d x ≈ ∫0 ln 2 + x − 2 x + 6 x d x
≈ 2.7196 = 2.72 (3 s.f.) (from graphing calculator)
4
Qn Solution
4 (i) Plane p is parallel to
[2] 0 −k k − 12 0 − 12
and
2 − 2 = 0 3 − 2 = 1 .
−1 5 −6 −1 −1 0
k − 12 6
Normal of p is parallel to 0 × 1 =
3.
−6 0 k
Hence equation of p is
6 0 6
r 3 = 2 3 = (0)(6) + (2)(3) + (−1)(k ) = 6 − k .
k −1 k
Qn Solution
− 12
Suppose l is perpendicular to p, then l is perpendicular to the 1 . [from (i)]
0
−3 −0.5
Since 1 • 1 = 1.5 + 1= 2.5 ≠ 0,
−2 0
− 12
l is not perpendicular to the 1
0
⇒ l cannot be perpendicular to p. (shown)
4(iii) −2 −3
[3]
l: r= 2 + λ 1 , λ ∈
4 −2
6
p: r 3 =8
−2
−2 − 3λ 6
2+λ 3 = 8
4 − 2λ −2
−12 − 18λ + 6 + 3λ − 8 + 4λ =8
−11λ = 22
λ = −2
−2 − 3 ( −2 ) 4
position vector of N= 2 + ( −2 ) = 0
4 − 2 ( −2 ) 8
Coordinates of N ( 4 , 0, 8 ) .
4(iv) Method 1: Length of Projection
[3] Let the point of intersection of l and π be M.
−2 − 3λ
Since M lies on l, OM = 2 + λ for some λ ∈
4 − 2λ
4 −2 − 3λ 6 + 3λ
MN = 0 − 2 + λ = −2 − λ .
8 4 − 2λ 4 + 2 λ
6
Qn Solution
6 + 3λ 6
1
−2 − λ 2 2 2
3=11
4 + 2λ 6 + 3 + ( −2 ) −2
Perpendicular
1 distance
36 + 18λ − 6 − 3λ − 8 − 4λ = 11
7
22 + 11λ = 77
Perpendicular
λ 77 or − 77
22 + 11= distance
11λ 55 or − 99
=
=λ 5 or − 9
−2 − 3 ( 5 ) −2 − 3 ( −9 )
OM= 2 + ( 5 ) or 2 + ( −9 )
4 − 2 ( 5) 4 − 2 ( −9 )
−17 25
= 7 or −7
−6 22
Hence, possible points of intersections between l and π are ( − 17, 7, − 6) and (25,
− 7, 22).
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Method 2: Distance between two planes
6
Let the equation of π be r 3 = a
−2
8 a
Distance between
= p and π −
62 + 32 + ( −2 ) 62 + 32 + ( −2 )
2 2
8−a
=
7
8−a
= 11
7
8−a =
77
8=
− a 77 or − 77
a = −69 or 85
Qn Solution
6
For π : r 3 = −69 ,
−2
−2 − 3λ 6
2+λ 3 = −69
4 − 2λ −2
−12 − 18λ + 6 + 3λ − 8 + 4λ =−69
−11λ = −55
λ =5
−2 − 3 ( 5 ) −17
OM= 2 + ( 5) = 7
4 − 2 ( 5 ) −6
6
Similarly, for π : r 3 = 85 ,
−2
−2 − 3λ 6
2+λ 3 = 85
4 − 2λ −2
−12 − 18λ + 6 + 3λ − 8 + 4λ = 85
−11λ = 99
λ = −9
−2 − 3 ( −9 ) 25
OM= 2 + ( −9 ) = −7 .
4 − 2 ( −9 ) 22
Hence, possible points of intersections between l and π are ( − 17, 7, − 6) and (25,
− 7, 22).
Qn Solution
5(i) 1 1 1
[3] Substitute x = t + + 4, y = t − + 1 into y = x − 2 − ,
t t x −3
1 1 1
We have t − + 1 = t + + 4 − 2 −
t t 1
t + + 4 − 3
t
1 1 1
⇒ t − +1 = t + + 2 −
t t 1
t + +1
t
8
2 t t2 +1
⇒− = 1− 2 = 2
t t + t +1 t + t +1
⇒ −2t − 2t − 2= t 3 + t
2
⇒ t 3 + 2t 2 + 3t + 2 =0
Method 2: Factorise
t 3 + 2t 2 + 3t + 2 =0
(t + 1)(t 2 + t + 2) =0 .
2
t =−1 or t + t + 2 =0 (no real solution)
Hence, curve D and E intersect only once at t = −1.
Curve D
5(iii) Using x = t + 3 ,
[3] 1 1
y = ( t + 3) − 2 − = t +1− .
( t + 3) − 3 t
x ≤ 2 ⇒ t + 3 ≤ 2 ⇒ t ≤ −1
1
Curve E: x = t + 3 , y = t + 1 − , t ≤ −1
t
Curve E
Curve D
9
Area
−1 1 −1 1 1
= ∫−3 t
t − + 1 (1 ) d t − ∫− 3 −2 t − t + 1 1 − t 2 dt
= 1.3929 units 2 . (4 d.p.)
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Method 2: Using x-axis (1 cartesian, 1 parametric)
For the Curve D:
1 dx 1
x =t + + 4 ⇒ =1 − 2
t dt t
When x = 0, t = − 3 − 2 (given)
When x = 2, t = −1
Area
2 1 −1 1 1
= ∫ x−2− dx − ∫ t − + 1 1 − 2 dt
0 x −3 − 3 − 2
t t
2
= 1.3929 units . (4 d.p.)
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Method 3: Using y-axis
For the Curve D:
1 dy 1
y = t − +1 ⇒ = 1+ 2
t dt t
At y-intercept ( x =0), t = − 3 − 2 (given)
When y = 1, t = −1
For the Curve E:
1 dy 1
y = t +1− ⇒ = 1+ 2
t dt t
At y-intercept ( x = 0), t = −3
When y = 1, t = −1
Area
−1 1 1 −1 1
= ∫ t + + 4 1 + 2 dt − ∫ ( t + 3) 1 + 2 dt
− 3 −2
t t −3
t
= 1.3929 units 2 . (4 d.p.)