Speech Task

Explanation Historical of West Borneo Kingdom

(By: Alexander Ivan Perdana – 206114038)

What comes to mind when listeners hear the word "Kalimantan"? Forest, Orang Utan,
Haze, and etc. However, have you ever seen the ethnic group that exists & is the only one
that exists there? Yes, it’s the Dyak tribe. Based on historical records, life on the island of
Borneo itself originated from 2000 BC, when Nanga Balang became the first known
population by way of shipping. After that, Sambas & Sepauk started early civilizations
around 400 AD. Tanjungpura became advanced culture was born at 600 AD and after 56
years, both grew into early civilizations. Selimbau grew himself into a kingdom. In 697 AD,
when Sriwijaya came to power, Sambas & Tanjungpura were taken over. Only Sambas
changed it’s name to Wijayapura, and in 700 AD the advanced culture of Klemantan is
growing. For 200 years, Srivijaya was able to control the western edge of Kalimantan, until
the emergence of Hulu Aik Kingdom’s at 977 AD.
When the year 1000 AD began, Srivijaya collapsed & began the civilization of the
State on each of the western banks of Kalimantan. In 1030 AD, Wijayapura (Sambas),
Tanjungpura & Hulu Aik became the first State on history. In 1173 AD, the kingdom of
Kediri began to show its power and took over power on the western edge of Kalimantan, so
that the Kingdom of Hulu Aik was not heard from anymore. In 1222 AD, Singasari’s
Kingdom of East Java conquer the territorial control of Kediri, Silat’s State was born, and 3
years later, Wijayapura (Sambas) changed his name again to Nek Riuh. In 1291 AD, the
name Kingdom of Nek Riuh eturned to the beginning, namely Sambas. The Landak’s
Kingdom was born a year after the name change from Nek Riuh to Sambas.
In 1300 AD, Begins the era of the greatest power of Majapahit. 10 years later,
Sanggau & Sekadau were born on the earth of Kalimantan. In 1340 AD, Kingdom of
Sidiniang was born. In this era, the kingdoms of Majapahit and Sabah fought each other for
their territory. In 1409 AD, Sidiniang change his name to Mempawah and after that it
disappears again. In 1488 AD, Tanjungpura change his name again to Sukadana. The end of
the 14th century to the 15th, entered the religion of Islam which became the ruler of the
religious side of each kingdom, starting from Sukadana. In 1521 AD, Selimbau & Silat
became the State, and 1 year later, the kingdom of Sarang Paruya appears, but does not last
long.
The end of the 15th century to the 16th, enter the influence of colonialism from the
Netherlands (VOC) & England (EIC). In 1605 & 1609 AD, Sukadana is controlled by two
kinds of trading partners, it’s VOC & EIC, but Sambas is just controlled by VOC. In 1610
AD, Mempawah was reborn with the influence of the Sulu Kingdom. 13 years later, the
influence of power from the Islamic Mataram kingdom began to be in these era. In 1700 AD,
Landak is controlled power of West Borneo. And the end of era Landak Kingdom’s,
Pontianak Sultanate is the only one greatest power, who is come from Sumatera Island’s and
Populating the teritory of West Borneo. Indeed, the length and power of a territory is
determined by the strength of every nation and kingdom that occupies it. Therefore, it is
necessary to look at the existing history if each of us wants to learn about how and when it.