SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

18MEE305T - FINITE ELEMENT

METHOD

UNIT : II
SESSION : 5
PREPARED BY : S.BALAMURUGAN
 CONTENTS

•Introduction
•Coordinate system
Model coordinate system (MCS)
World coordinate system (WCS)
Screen coordinate system (SCS)
•Local coordinate system
•Global coordinate system
•Relationship
 COORDINATE SYSTEM

Coordinate system - is a method for identifying

the location of a point on the earth. Most
coordinate systems use two numbers,
a coordinate, to identify the location of a
point.
Origin - Each of these numbers indicates the
distance between the point and some fixed
reference point, called the origin.
COORDINATE SYSTEM – Computer
Graphics

Model coordinate system (MCS)

World coordinate system (WCS)
Screen coordinate system (SCS)
 INTRODUCTION
In finite element formulation three coordinate systems are used :

Global coordinate system - corresponds to the entire body and is

used to define nodes in the entire body.

Local coordinate system - corresponds to a particular element in

the body , and the numbering is done to that particular element
neglecting the entire body .

Natural coordinate system - Similar to local coordinate system

but a node is expressed by a dimensionless set of numbers whose
magnitude never exceeds unity ( zeeta , eeta and zai ) .
 GCS
In finite element formulation three coordinate systems are used :

Global coordinate system (GCS) - corresponds to the entire

body and is used to define nodes in the entire body.

The Global coordinate system used to define

-Node locations
-Element angels
-Constraints (i.e. Boundary conditions)
-External loads
-Solutions (i.e. Displacement)
 GCS
Global coordinate system
 LCS

Local coordinate system (LCS)- corresponds to a particular

element in the body , and the numbering is done to that particular
element neglecting the entire body .

The Local coordinate system used to define

-Internal forces
-Element displacement
-Element stress
 LCS
Local coordinate system (LCS)
 COORINATE SYSTEM
Why different co ordinate systems?

-It is difficult to solve the equations (For all

structural elements or members) by using GCS.

- To simplify that, the element level systems are

choosen, where the origin is located within the
element (LCS).
COORDINATE SYSTEM
 COORDINATE SYSTEM
Relationship – Displacement

UiX = uix cos θ – ujy sin θ

UiY = uix sin θ + ujy cos θ

UjX = ujx cos θ – ujy sin θ

UjY = ujx sin θ + ujy cos θ

 COORDINATE SYSTEM
Relationship – Force

FiX = fix cos θ – fjy sin θ

FiY = fix sin θ + fjy cos θ

FjX = fjx cos θ – fjy sin θ

FjY = fjx sin θ + fjy cos θ

 REFERENCES
• Hutton, D.V., “Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis”, McGraw Hill,
International Edition, 2004.
• Chandrupatla, T.R., Belegundu, A.D., “Introduction to Finite Elements in
Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India, 1997.
• P.Seshu, “Text book of Finite Element Analysis”, PHI learning Private
Ltd., 2012.
• S,S,Rao, “The Finite Element method in Engineering”, Elsevier Science
&Technology Books, 2004
• Cook R.D., Malkus, D.S., Plesha, M.E., Witt, R.J., “Concepts and
Applications of Finite Element Analysis”, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons,
2001.
• J.N Reddy, An introduction to the Finite Element Method, 2005, Mcgraw
Hill
• Jacob Fish & Ted Belytschko, “A first course in Finite Elements” , 2007,
Wiley
Course Committee Members
Course faculty /
S.No Members campus
Coordinator
1 Mr.S.Balamurugan Course Coordinator Kattankulathur
2 Dr.Sandipan Roy Course faculty Kattankulathur
3 Dr. Srihari Dodla Course faculty Kattankulathur
4 Mr.D.Raja Course faculty Kattankulathur
5 Dr.P.V.Jeyakarthikeyan Course faculty Kattankulathur
6 Mr.J.Daniel Glad Stephen Course faculty Kattankulathur
7 Mr.K.Jegadeesan Course faculty Kattankulathur
8 Mr.P.Susai Manickam Course faculty Kattankulathur
9 Mr.M.Sachidhanandam Course faculty Kattankulathur
Mr. Esakkiyappan alias
10 Course Coordinator Ramapuram
Gurusamy S
11 D.K.Mohan Kumar . Course faculty Ramapuram
12 Mr. Arunraj Course faculty Ramapuram
13 Mr.Ravikumar Course Coordinator Vadapalani
14 Mr. Arunnath Course faculty Vadapalani
Thank you