ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY FOR CSE BY VAISHALI ANAND- MCQs SET 9

MCQs SET 9- 2021

1. Which of the following states in India has highest number of Tiger Reserves accredited by
Conservation Assured | Tiger Standards (CA|TS)?

a) Assam
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Karnataka
d) Kerela

2. ‘ClimateSMART Cities Assessment Framework’ is an initiative by which of the following?

a) Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs

b) The Energy & Resources Institute
c) Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change
d) UN- Habitat

3. Which of the following best describes ‘Nature based Solutions’?

1. Integrated coastal zone management

2. Application of bio-shields for mitigating disaster risk
3. Sustainable management of ecosystems which simultaneously address societal challenges
and ensure human well-being

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

a) 1 only
b) 2 & 3 only
c) 3 only
d) All of the above

4. The recently released New Delhi Statement on Environment is outcome of conference of

which of the following?

a) CoP 26 of UNFCCC
b) Meeting of BRICS Environment Ministers
c) CoP 15 of CBD
d) Meeting of ASEAN Environment Ministers

5. Partnership for Urban Environment Sustainability Initiative (PUESI) is an initiative by which of

the following?

a) UN-Habitat
b) SAARC
c) BRICS

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d) UNEP

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Answers & Explanations

1. Answer: A
 Explanation: 14 Tiger Reserves in India received the accreditation of the Global Conservation
Assured|Tiger Standards (CA|TS).
 The 14 tiger reserves which have been accredited are-
o Manas, Kaziranga and Orang in Assam
o Satpura, Kanha and Panna in Madhya Pradesh
o Pench in Maharashtra
o Valmiki Tiger Reserve in Bihar
o Dudhwa in Uttar Pradesh
o Sunderbans in West Bengal
o Parambikulam in Kerala
o Bandipur Tiger Reserve of Karnataka
o Mudumalai and Anamalai Tiger Reserve in Tamil Nadu
 The PIB website is incorrectly displaying Pench as a TR of Maharashtra.
https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1740353

2. Answer: A
Explanation:

 Smart Cities Mission of the Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs, Government of India has
initiated the “ClimateSmart Cities Assessment Framework (CSCAF)” as a step towards
holistic, climate responsive urban development.
 This is part of the Mission’s focus on 3 pillars of performance- Liveability, Economic-ability
and Sustainability.
 The objective of the CSCAF is to provide a clear roadmap for the cities and in effect, urban
India as a whole, towards combating Climate Change (mitigation and adaptation) while
planning their actions including investments.
 The first round of assessment for this framework for the 100 Smart Cities was carried out in
July 2019 through the SPVs of the Smart City Mission in each of the cities, with support from
various city and state level agencies.
 Cities are advised to form a “Climate Alliance” for their cities, which will bring together the
diverse skills, strengths and resources required for planned Climate action with the CSC AF
providing the indicators for measuring progress.
 The MoHUA envisages that Climate Alliance becomes a platform for advising on all actions
linked with climate and sustainability in the city.

3. Answer: D
Explanation:
 Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are defined by IUCN as “actions to protect, sustainably
manage, and restore natural or modified ecosystems, that address societal challenges
effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity
benefits”.

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 Nature-based Solutions:
o Embrace nature conservation norms (and principles);

o can be implemented alone or in an integrated manner with other solutions to

societal challenges (e.g. technological and engineering solutions);

o are determined by site-specific natural and cultural contexts that include traditional,
local and scientific knowledge;

o produce societal benefits in a fair and equitable way, in a manner that promotes
transparency and broad participation;

o maintain biological and cultural diversity and the ability of ecosystems to evolve
over time;

o are applied at a landscape scale;

o recognise and address the trade-offs between the production of a few immediate
economic benefits for development, and future options for the production of the full
range of ecosystems services; and

o are an integral part of the overall design of policies, and measures or actions, to
address a specific challenge.

 Nature-based Solutions as an umbrella concept for ecosystem-related approaches

 In framing NbS and considering its applications, it is useful to think of it as an umbrella
concept that covers a whole range of ecosystem-related approaches all of which address
societal challenges. These approaches can be placed into five main categories, as shown in
the following table:

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4. Answer: B
Explanation:

 7th meeting of the BRICS Environment Ministerial 2021 was held in August this year.
 The New Delhi statement on the environment aims to further the spirit of Cooperation for
Continuity, Consolidation, & Consensus in Environment among the BRICS Nations.
 Further, detailed deliberations were held on pressing environmental challenges like
Resource Efficiency & Circular Economy, Air Pollution & Marine Plastic Litter, Conservation &
sustainable use of Biodiversity, Forest Cover Assessment & Management of Forest Fire,
among others as part of the New Delhi statement.
 A number of initiatives have been launched during the BRICS Environment Ministers’
meetings.
o The BRICS Environmentally Sound Technology (BEST) Platform launched in 2015,
aims to facilitate accumulation and exchange of experience/information on best
available practices and environmentally friendly (“green”) technologies to achieve
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
o The 'Clean Rivers of BRICS' concept developed within the BRICS Technology Platform
during the inaugural BRICS Working Group meeting hosted by Russia in 2016 aimed
to have a structured approach to cooperation amongst BRICS countries on clean
rivers.

5. Answer: C
Explanation:

 The BRICS Partnership for Urban Environment Sustainability Initiative (PUESI), launched in
2017 aims to enhance cooperation between municipalities of BRICS countries to realize
Sustainable Development Goal 11 of ‘making cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable’.

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