꧄ꦏꦺꦠꦴꦤꦭꦶꦔ꧄

꧁ꦄꦤꦔꦼꦤꦶꦢꦸꦤꦸꦺꦔꦏꦺꦠꦴꦤꦭꦶꦔ꧂

ꦢꦶꦥꦸꦤ ꦼꦫꦠꦮꦶꦠꦠꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱ꧀꧇ꦏꦮꦶ ꧌ꦏꦸꦤ꧍

ꦺꦢꦤ꧇ꦧꦴꦪꦸꦺꦟꦥ ꦾꦴꦢꦶ

0
꧋ꦈꦮꦭ ꦏꦺꦝꦧꦺꦠ ꦴꦱꦶꦱꦶꦺꦤꦏꦺꦠꦴꦤꦭꦶꦔ

ꦩꦲꦸ꧈ꦅꦔꦧꦢ꧀꧇꧑꧖꧇ꦈꦠꦮ꧇꧑꧐꧇ꦄꦧꦢ ꦮꦶ

ꦺꦱꦏꦏꦶꦔꦩꦢꦼꦒ꧀꧈ꦢꦶꦱꦼꦧꦸꦠꦺꦏꦄꦫꦺꦤꦱꦺꦮ

ꦺꦤꦺꦲꦤꦺꦭ ꦤꦮꦤꦶꦠꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧉ꦫꦠꦸꦮꦤꦶꦠꦅ

ꦏꦶꦢꦸꦺꦮꦤꦶꦱꦼꦱꦩꦔꦤꦺꦫꦴꦏꦗꦤꦏꦸꦃꦥꦱꦸꦟꦤ꧀ ꦏꦁ

ꦢꦸꦩꦸꦤꦸꦔꦶꦔꦤꦫꦺꦤꦏꦭꦶꦕꦶꦠꦫꦸꦩꦤꦭꦶꦕꦶꦱꦼꦫꦪꦸ꧉

꧋ꦮꦶꦮꦶꦠꦧꦢꦥꦶꦠꦸꦩꦺꦱꦲꦶ꧈ꦱꦮꦼꦠꦫꦏꦗꦤꦢꦼꦒꦤ

ꦮꦼꦮꦼꦺꦔꦴꦤꦮꦠꦼꦔꦃ꧉ꦱꦭꦃꦱꦶꦗꦶꦏꦁꦩꦚꦶꦭꦪꦏꦸꦮꦶ

ꦏꦗꦤꦭꦶꦔ꧉ꦏꦺꦠꦴꦤꦟꦶꦺꦕꦴꦫꦏ ꦫ
ꦼ ꦢꦧꦤ ꦶ

ꦟꦧꦸꦝꦅꦏꦸꦢꦶꦱꦼꦧꦸꦠ ꦼꦧꦸꦠꦥꦤꦺꦤꦁꦥꦼꦱꦶꦱꦶꦺꦭꦴ

ꦗꦮꦠꦼꦔꦃ꧉ꦌꦮꦱꦼꦺꦩꦴꦺꦤꦴꦔꦤꦶꦱꦼꦺꦥꦺꦤꦢꦸꦫꦸꦁꦢꦶ

ꦺꦮꦫꦸꦲꦶꦥꦽꦱꦸꦱꦤꦸꦺꦔꦏꦸꦛꦫꦗꦏꦭꦶꦔ꧉ꦏꦸꦫꦺꦔꦱꦸ

ꦩꦼꦱꦗꦫꦃ꧈ꦈꦠꦩꦺꦤꦧꦸꦏꦄ
ꦶ ꦺꦏꦺꦪꦴꦺꦭꦴꦒꦶ꧈ꦗ

ꦭꦫꦶꦏꦺꦔꦭꦤꦶꦠꦶꦏꦶꦭꦺꦱꦥꦺꦥꦤꦲꦤꦁꦕꦸꦏꦸꦥꦗꦸ

ꦅꦁꦗꦩꦤ ꦼꦩꦤꦏꦸꦮꦶ꧉

1
꧋ꦱꦸꦩꦼꦱꦗꦫꦃꦏꦁꦠꦶꦤꦼꦩꦩ
ꦸ ꦸꦔꦫꦸꦥꦕꦛꦼꦠꦤꦛꦼꦠꦺꦤ

ꦥꦔꦸꦩꦫꦴꦱꦭꦶꦺꦪꦴꦺꦔꦴꦏ꧀ ꦠꦝꦶꦱꦶꦺꦏꦱꦤ꧀ ꦱꦠ

ꦤꦱꦃꦥꦫꦲꦾꦔꦤꦁꦢꦶꦱꦸꦱꦸꦤ ꦶꦫꦁꦥꦶꦫꦔꦧꦢꦼꦥꦸꦔꦫ꧀꧈

ꦥꦤꦭꦶꦠꦶꦱꦼꦗꦫꦃꦢꦭꦲꦺꦏꦺꦪꦴꦺꦭꦴꦒꦁꦧꦶꦱꦴꦤ

ꦒꦢꦸꦒꦩꦼꦤꦮꦥꦸꦚꦼꦺꦫꦥꦺꦥꦤꦲꦤꦺꦠꦴꦤꦭꦶꦔꦩ

ꦥꦤꦶꦔꦤꦫꦺꦤꦥꦼꦏꦺꦭꦴꦔꦤꦤꦼꦥꦫꦱꦲꦶꦏꦶ꧉

꧋ꦱꦭꦃꦱꦶꦗꦶꦺꦤꦱꦸꦩꦼꦱꦗꦫꦃꦏꦁꦚꦼꦧꦠ
ꦸ ꦢꦫꦶꦚꦶꦔꦼꦤ

ꦤꦶꦺꦭꦴꦏꦱꦶꦺꦤꦏꦗꦤꦭꦶꦔꦪꦏꦸꦮꦶꦕꦛꦼꦠꦤꦛꦼꦠ

ꦤꦗꦩꦤꦶꦤꦱꦶꦠꦁ꧌꧇꧖꧑꧘꧇-꧇꧙꧐꧖꧇ꦩꦺꦱꦲꦶ꧍꧉ꦕꦛꦼ

ꦠꦤꦮꦶꦩꦺꦠꦭꦺꦏꦩꦼꦤꦮꦱꦮꦶꦗꦶꦺꦤꦏꦗꦤꦫꦤ꧀꧇

ꦺꦲꦴꦅꦁꦩꦥꦤꦤꦠꦼꦥꦶꦺꦤꦱꦺꦩꦴꦢꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀꧈ꦅꦁꦱꦲꦼ

2
ꦺꦭꦴꦺꦫꦺꦲꦴꦅꦁꦄꦤꦏꦗꦤ꧀꧇Ta Hen La ꧌ꦏꦺꦩꦴꦗ꧍

ꦭꦤꦱꦶꦱꦶꦃꦺꦮꦠꦺꦤꦺꦲꦴꦅꦁꦄꦤꦺꦥꦴꦭꦶ꧌ꦧꦭꦶ꧍꧉

ꦺꦱꦴꦺꦏꦴꦺꦤꦴꦮꦕꦛꦼꦠꦤꦶꦏꦎ
ꦸ ꦫꦚꦼꦧꦸꦠꦼꦛꦺꦥꦴꦱꦶ

ꦱꦶꦺꦤꦏꦭꦶꦔꦅꦔꦤꦫꦺꦤꦥꦼꦏꦺꦭꦴꦔꦤꦤꦼꦥꦫ꧉

꧋ꦥꦤꦒꦩꦼꦤꦮꦏꦭꦶꦔꦩꦥꦤꦤꦏꦧꦸꦥꦺꦠꦤꦼꦥꦫ

ꦱꦲꦶꦏꦶ꧉ꦠꦶꦠꦶꦏꦺꦤ꧈ꦄꦤꦱꦭꦃꦱꦶꦗꦶꦺꦤꦏꦼꦕꦩꦠ

ꦤꦔꦫꦤꦼꦭ꧉ꦗꦼꦤꦏꦼꦭꦢꦶꦏꦶꦫꦏꦶꦫꦏꦥꦶꦫꦶꦢ ꦏ

ꦏꦭꦶꦔ꧉ꦄꦥꦩꦺꦤꦃꦱꦮꦶꦺꦱꦢꦶꦠꦼꦺꦩꦴꦏꦺꦏꦉꦕ

ꦮꦠꦸꦥꦥꦠꦕꦺꦲꦅꦁꦱꦥꦸꦕꦺꦏꦫꦲꦮꦹꦠꦮꦒꦸꦤꦩ
ꦸꦁ ꦸ

ꦪꦾ꧈ꦪꦏꦸꦮꦶꦉꦕꦧꦛꦫꦒꦸꦫꦸ꧈ꦤꦫꦢ꧈ꦺꦠꦴꦺꦒꦴꦒ

ꦤꦶꦰ꧉ꦠꦶꦤꦼꦩꦸꦺꦤꦉꦕꦥꦥꦠ ꦶꦔꦺꦧꦴꦠꦔꦼꦠ꧀ ꦏ

ꦛꦶꦏꦩꦸꦤꦸꦔꦺꦤꦁꦱꦥꦸꦕꦺꦏꦮꦸꦏꦶꦩꦩꦲꦶꦩꦶꦱꦼꦫꦶꦪꦸꦺꦱ

ꦏꦗꦤꦭꦶꦔ꧉

꧋ꦧꦻꦭꦄꦺꦏꦺꦪꦴꦺꦭꦴꦒꦶꦺꦪꦴꦒꦾꦏꦡꦱꦠꦲꦸ

ꦩꦶꦒꦶꦤꦭꦶꦱꦶꦏ ꦺꦔꦴꦺꦤꦏꦏꦶꦔ꧈ꦤꦼꦺꦩꦴꦏꦺꦏꦥ

ꦱꦱꦶꦫꦲꦮꦸꦤ ꦠꦥꦩꦸꦗꦤꦕꦃꦄꦼꦤꦼꦩ ꦱꦸꦩꦼꦧꦫꦤ

ꦺꦥꦺꦫꦔꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦔꦤꦶꦥꦸꦕꦸꦺꦏ꧉ꦥꦥꦤ ꦩꦸꦗꦤꦶꦏꦸꦢꦶꦗꦼ

3
ꦤꦼꦔꦄ
ꦶ ꦫꦺꦤꦮꦪꦁꦪꦏꦸꦮꦶ꧇ꦧꦩꦁꦱꦏꦶ꧈ꦄꦧꦶꦪꦱ꧈

ꦺꦗꦴꦔꦱꦭꦏ꧈ꦱꦼꦏꦸꦠꦽꦩ꧀ ꦥꦟꦺꦢꦮꦤꦠꦭꦤꦤꦸ

ꦩꦪꦱ꧉ꦄꦺꦏꦺꦪꦴꦺꦭꦴꦒꦥꦸꦏꦢꦸꦠꦤꦼꦤꦮꦠꦶꦤꦼ

ꦩꦸꦺꦤꦉꦕꦉꦕꦒꦼꦺꦝꦱꦠꦥꦥꦤ ꦩꦸꦗꦤꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁꦩꦸ

ꦪꦾꦩꦲꦸꦄꦤꦱꦩꦁꦫꦥꦼꦺꦠꦏꦺꦫꦴꦏꦗꦤꦭꦶꦔ꧉

꧋ꦥꦫꦺꦤꦺꦤꦱꦺꦥꦫꦔꦤ ꦼꦗꦫꦮꦤꦤꦱꦲꦔꦾꦏꦶꦤꦶ

ꦩꦼꦤꦮꦏꦭꦶꦔꦩꦥꦤꦤꦥꦼꦏꦺꦭꦴꦔꦤ꧀꧈ꦏꦼꦪꦏꦶꦤ

ꦤꦶꦏꦸꦢꦶꦝꦱꦫꦺꦏꦩꦫꦁꦕꦛꦼꦠꦺꦤꦥꦚꦗꦃꦱꦺꦩꦴ

ꦢꦴꦱꦭꦶꦺꦪꦴꦺꦔꦴꦏ ꦶꦔꦸꦒꦺꦱꦤꦥꦠꦶꦺꦤꦢꦶꦤꦱꦶꦩ

ꦭꦏ ꦩꦤꦺꦕꦁꦺꦲꦴ꧉ꦺꦕꦁꦺꦲꦴꦚꦼꦧꦸꦠꦼꦧꦸꦠꦫ

ꦺꦤꦥꦥꦤ꧀ Poe-Choa-Lung꧈ ꦱꦢꦶꦤꦸꦒꦥꦼꦏ

ꦺꦭꦴꦔꦤ꧀꧈

ꦊꦺꦒꦟꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ

꧋ꦈꦮꦭ ꦏꦺꦝꦧꦺꦠ ꦴꦱꦶꦱꦶꦺꦤꦏꦺꦠꦴꦤꦭꦶꦔ

ꦩꦲꦸ꧈ꦅꦔꦧꦢ꧀꧇꧑꧖꧇ꦈꦠꦮ꧇꧑꧐꧇ꦄꦧꦢ ꦮꦶ

ꦺꦱꦏꦏꦶꦔꦩꦢꦼꦒ꧀ ꦢꦶꦱꦼꦧꦸꦠꦺꦏꦄꦫꦺꦤꦱꦺꦮ

4
ꦺꦤꦺꦲꦤꦺꦭ ꦤꦮꦤꦶꦠꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧉ꦫꦠꦸꦮꦤꦶꦠꦅ

ꦏꦶꦢꦸꦺꦮꦤꦶꦱꦼꦱꦩꦔꦤꦺꦫꦴꦏꦗꦤꦭꦸꦃꦥꦱꦸꦟꦤ꧀ ꦏꦁ

ꦢꦸꦩꦸꦤꦸꦔꦤꦫꦺꦤꦏꦭꦶꦕꦶꦠꦫꦸꦩꦤꦭꦶꦕꦶꦱꦼꦫꦪꦸ꧉

꧋ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦏꦁꦩꦺꦔꦃꦏꦭꦶꦔꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀꧇꧖꧗꧔꧇-꧇꧖꧙

꧕꧇ꦩꦺꦱꦲꦶꦏꦺꦮꦤꦢꦸꦺꦮꦄꦢꦼꦒꦢꦼꦒ ꦗꦼꦗꦼꦒ꧀꧈

ꦱꦧꦥꦟꦶꦠꦠꦫꦸꦱꦏꦮꦼꦕꦴꦗꦼꦒꦮꦕ꧈ꦎꦫꦠꦲꦸꦩꦶ

ꦪꦸꦫ꧀꧈ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦔꦶꦤꦶꦥꦭꦸꦔꦲꦺꦤꦒꦮꦺꦤ꧇ꦥꦧꦸꦏ

ꦠꦺꦏꦪꦱꦶꦔ꧈ꦏꦁꦠꦶꦔꦺꦭꦴꦚꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀꧇꧖꧗꧔꧇꧉

ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦢꦶꦒꦮꦥꦧꦸꦏꦠꦺꦏꦪꦱꦶꦔꦱꦮꦶꦺꦱꦢꦶ

ꦺꦧꦴꦺꦪꦴꦁꦱꦏꦥꦸꦻꦭꦴꦱꦸꦩꦠꦅꦫꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭ꧀꧈ꦢꦶꦥꦶ

ꦩ ꦶꦤꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧈ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦔꦭꦩꦶꦗꦩꦤꦼꦚꦤꦫꦸꦏ꧉
ꦶ

ꦺꦏꦴꦟꦺꦔꦠꦼꦏꦤꦚꦤꦼꦒꦫ꧉

꧋ꦱꦼꦗꦫꦮꦤꦤꦮꦤ ꦸꦩꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦠ꧀ ꦅꦁꦧꦸꦏꦸꦺꦤꦄꦱꦼ

ꦱꦶꦫꦃ꧇ꦩꦼꦩꦔꦸꦤꦶꦺꦟꦴꦺꦤꦱꦾꦄꦼꦩꦱ꧀꧌꧒꧐꧐꧕꧍ꦏꦟ꧈

ꦗꦼꦤꦰꦶꦩꦢꦶꦥꦝꦏꦺꦏꦏꦺꦫꦴꦱꦶꦔ꧉ꦤꦔꦱꦼꦤꦗꦺꦤꦴ

ꦺꦭꦃꦗꦸꦭꦸꦏꦤꦔꦼꦒꦶꦫꦶꦱꦱ
ꦶ ꦏꦏꦮꦸꦭꦺꦤ꧈ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ

ꦎꦫꦢꦶꦮꦼꦺꦢꦤꦶ꧉ꦏꦼꦥꦫꦱꦁꦫꦠꦸꦩꦭꦃꦢꦶꦠꦽ ꦰꦤꦤꦶꦏ

5
ꦮꦸꦭꦴꦭꦶꦠꦔꦼꦫꦔꦼꦱꦢꦶꦕꦏꦺꦏꦎꦫꦩꦤꦶꦺꦟꦩ

ꦤ ꦶꦭꦢꦤ꧀꧈ꦱꦥꦱꦭꦸꦥꦸꦠꦢꦸꦢꦶꦥꦶꦢꦤ꧈ꦎꦫꦥꦽꦢꦸꦭꦶ

ꦥꦼꦔꦼꦺꦝꦥꦗꦈꦠꦮꦏꦸꦭꦮꦒꦺꦤꦫꦠꦸ꧉

꧋ꦏꦕꦫꦶꦠ꧈ꦱꦺꦮꦺꦤꦲꦫꦗꦴꦫꦤ꧀꧇Ta-Shih ꧌ꦠꦰꦶꦃ꧍

ꦏꦼꦺꦥꦔꦶꦺꦤꦴꦝꦶꦏꦮꦸꦭꦺꦤꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧉ꦏꦟꦶꦱꦼꦱꦶꦝꦼ

ꦩꦺꦤꦺꦮꦺꦏꦱꦼꦔꦗꦺꦚꦺꦭꦲꦺꦏꦏꦩ ꦶꦭ꧀

ꦭꦶꦱꦶꦩꦱ ꦶꦕꦶꦱꦤꦢꦭꦤ ꦕꦼꦝꦺꦏꦄꦭꦸꦤꦭꦸꦤꦭꦶꦔꦱ

ꦱꦧꦼꦤꦶꦤꦫꦺꦩꦺꦢꦤꦺꦮꦴꦁꦭꦶꦮꦠ꧀꧈ꦠꦰꦶꦃꦏꦼꦺꦥꦔꦶꦤꦠ

ꦏꦺꦏꦄꦥꦧꦼꦤꦼꦏꦮꦸꦭꦏꦭꦶꦔꦎꦫꦒꦼꦊꦩꦥꦸꦏꦫꦁꦥꦼꦔ

ꦗꦶꦱꦢꦸꦢꦸꦲꦺꦏ꧉ꦔꦤꦶꦱꦺꦱꦤ ꦺꦱꦤꦩ ꦶꦭꦶꦱꦶꦄꦼꦩꦱꦶ

ꦏꦸꦅꦱꦶꦃꦮꦸꦠꦸꦲꦥꦥꦺꦤꦱꦼꦏꦮꦶꦠ꧀꧈

꧋ꦺꦏꦴꦕꦥ꧈ꦱꦶꦏꦶꦺꦭꦥꦸꦠꦢꦊꦩꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧈ꦥꦺꦔꦫꦤꦫꦪ

ꦟ꧈ꦺꦚꦺꦔꦴꦭꦩ ꦶꦭꦱꦼꦧꦸꦠ꧀꧈ꦎꦫꦩꦮꦱꦤꦏ꧀ ꦫꦠꦸ

ꦰꦶꦩꦠꦼꦠꦼꦥꦶꦧꦏꦺꦏꦈꦏꦸꦩ ꦠꦶꦩꦫꦁꦥꦺꦔꦫꦤꦫꦪ

ꦟ꧉ꦏꦼꦥꦸꦠꦸꦱꦤꦶꦏꦸꦗꦭꦫꦶꦏꦭꦶꦔꦺꦲꦴꦉꦒ꧀꧈ꦏꦸꦭꦮ

ꦒꦭꦤ ꦼꦤꦤꦥꦝꦎꦫꦭꦶꦭꦺꦪꦤ ꦺꦔꦫꦤꦫꦪꦟꦢꦶ

ꦥꦠꦥꦶꦥꦶꦢꦤꦩꦠꦶ꧉ꦩꦸꦭꦧꦚꦩꦸꦚꦏꦠꦸꦩꦫꦁꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶ

6
ꦩꦴꦩꦶꦃꦏꦼꦥꦸꦠꦸꦱꦤꦮꦶꦢꦶꦮꦸꦫꦸꦔꦺꦏ꧉

꧋ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦎꦫꦒꦼꦊꦩꦠꦭꦺꦏꦈꦏꦸꦩꦤ꧀ ꦗꦼꦱꦧꦺꦤꦫ

ꦗꦺꦩꦴꦺꦤꦴꦥꦶꦟꦺꦤꦩꦔ ꦶꦱꦠꦸꦺꦩꦺꦠꦱꦢꦚꦁꦺꦱꦠ꧉

ꦱꦼꦥꦶꦱꦺꦤꦺꦠꦺꦱꦴꦫꦧꦶꦱꦏꦧꦸꦱꦏ꧀꧈ꦮꦼꦏꦱꦺꦤꦫꦠꦸ

ꦰꦶꦩꦗꦸꦥꦸꦏꦭꦤꦼꦔꦃ꧉ꦺꦝꦺꦮꦺꦏꦧꦠꦭꦺꦏꦥꦶꦢꦤꦩ

ꦠꦶꦩꦫꦁꦥꦺꦔꦫꦤꦫꦪꦟ꧉ꦩꦶꦤꦔꦒꦤꦶꦺꦤ꧈ꦱꦶꦏꦶꦺꦭꦥ

ꦺꦔꦫꦤꦁꦺꦚꦺꦔꦴꦭꦩ ꦶꦭꦲꦸꦢꦶꦠꦸꦒꦼꦭ꧀꧈ꦏꦼꦥꦸꦠꦸꦱꦤ

ꦫꦗꦮꦤꦶꦠꦱꦶꦺꦔꦴꦫꦮꦶꦒꦃꦮꦶꦒꦶꦃꦔꦸꦏꦸꦩꦫꦃꦢꦒꦶꦺꦔꦺꦝ

ꦺꦮꦅꦏꦸꦱꦔ ꦪꦗꦭꦫꦶꦏꦏꦶꦔꦢꦶꦺꦪꦫꦶꦔꦶꦺꦢꦤꦤꦺꦭ

ꦤꦤꦺꦭ ꦤꦅꦁꦩꦚꦥꦗ꧉

꧋ꦅꦱꦮꦠꦶ꧈ꦺꦗꦴꦺꦤꦧꦸꦏꦸ꧇ Continuity and Change: Tradisi

Pemikiran Islam Jawa (2006)꧈ꦔꦟꦫꦺꦏ꧈ꦩꦽꦒꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩ꧈

ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦧꦶꦱꦒꦤꦶꦔꦸꦮꦱꦤꦶꦧꦤꦧꦤꦢꦒꦁꦮꦶꦒꦠꦶꦱꦩꦲꦸ

ꦺꦤꦢꦢꦶꦺꦫꦃꦺꦫꦲꦺꦤꦏꦗꦤꦫꦸꦩꦤꦼꦒꦫꦅꦁꦥꦼꦱꦶꦱꦶꦺꦭꦴ

ꦗꦮꦏꦸꦺꦭꦴꦤ꧀꧈ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦈꦒꦱꦪꦩꦶꦏꦸꦮꦠꦶꦱꦼꦱꦩꦔꦤ

ꦒꦁꦏꦺꦫꦴꦏꦼꦻꦏꦱꦫꦤꦶꦺꦪꦴꦺꦔꦴꦏꦁꦭꦸꦩꦏꦸꦮꦶꦮꦶꦠꦧ

ꦢꦭꦶꦩꦩꦺꦱꦲꦶ꧉ꦏꦼꦗꦧꦩꦶꦏꦸꦮꦠꦶꦧꦧꦒꦺꦤꦺꦏꦴ

ꦺꦤꦴꦩꦶ꧈ꦫꦠꦸꦱꦶꦩꦴꦺꦮꦃꦏꦮꦶꦒꦺꦠꦤꦼꦺꦝꦩꦫꦁꦺꦢꦴꦚꦤ

7
ꦠꦼꦠꦺꦤꦤ꧀꧉ꦠꦸꦗꦸꦮꦺꦤꦱꦸꦥꦪꦏꦭꦶꦔꦎꦫꦭꦫꦁꦥꦔꦤ

ꦩꦔ ꦥꦕꦼꦏꦶꦏ꧀꧈

꧋ꦱꦮꦶꦺꦱꦗꦸꦩꦼꦤꦤꦠꦱꦼꦭꦶꦏꦸꦠꦲꦸꦤꦮꦺꦱ꧈ꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦩꦸ

ꦫꦸ ꦢꦏꦺꦱꦢꦤꦠꦶꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀꧇꧖꧙꧕꧇ꦩꦺꦱꦲꦶ꧉ꦮꦶꦭꦪꦃ

ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦢꦶꦥꦺꦫꦴꦺꦭꦴꦺꦫꦴꦏꦺꦔꦴꦄꦤꦏꦤꦺꦏꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶ

ꦩ꧉ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦢꦶꦱꦶꦒꦱꦩꦔ꧉ꦅꦁꦧꦸꦏꦸꦥꦸꦱꦏꦫꦗꦫꦗꦝꦶꦧꦸ

ꦩꦶꦤꦸꦱꦤꦫ꧌꧇꧑꧙꧙꧑꧇꧍ꦏꦪꦾꦺꦤꦄꦕꦮꦔ ꦏꦽꦠ꧈ꦢꦶ

ꦱꦼꦧꦸꦠꦺꦏꦩꦼꦤꦮꦥꦺꦔꦫꦤ ꦮꦠꦶꦱꦢꦶꦒꦮꦺꦢꦤꦫ

ꦲꦾꦁꦩꦤꦶꦩꦶꦚꦏ ꦏꦏꦗꦤ ꦸꦟꦒꦭꦸꦺꦲꦤꦏꦒꦶꦪꦤ

ꦏꦶꦔꦅꦫꦺꦭꦴꦫ꧀꧈ꦺꦮꦴꦺꦤꦺꦤꦏꦭꦶꦔꦱꦶꦱꦶꦃꦏꦶꦢꦸꦭꦢꦶꦢ

ꦺꦧꦺꦏꦥꦺꦔꦫꦤꦫꦪꦟ꧉

꧋ꦱꦮꦶꦺꦱꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦎꦫꦴꦤ꧈ꦏꦗꦪꦤꦏꦭꦶꦔꦴꦺꦭꦴꦤ

ꦺꦭꦴꦤꦼꦉꦠ꧀꧈ꦏꦮꦸꦭꦎꦫꦩꦶꦠꦸꦲꦸꦩꦺꦤꦲꦔꦼꦫꦔꦼꦱꦢꦶ

ꦠꦥꦺꦏꦱꦶꦤꦸꦮꦸꦤ꧀꧈ꦏꦭꦶꦔꦮꦼꦏꦱꦤꦗꦸꦠꦤ ꦠꦧꦼꦠ꧀

꧈ꦢꦶꦤꦸꦒꦴꦗꦸꦫꦏꦭꦶꦔꦩꦽꦒꦢꦶꦫꦧꦱꦺꦢꦤꦏꦗ ꦤ ꦶꦮꦶꦗ

ꦪ꧉ꦱꦼꦧꦧꦶꦠꦸꦫꦸꦠ꧀ ꦄꦺꦤꦴꦤꦶꦭꦏ ꦤꦅꦁꦧꦸꦏꦸꦺꦤ꧇ꦏꦼ

ꦧꦸꦝꦾꦴꦤꦤꦼꦫꦗꦴꦤ ꦶꦟꦧꦸꦝꦝꦷꦺꦟꦴꦺꦤꦱꦾ꧌꧇꧒꧐꧑꧘꧇

꧍꧈ꦅꦁꦠꦲꦸꦤ꧀꧇꧗꧕꧒꧇ꦠꦶꦤꦼꦩꦸꦱꦮꦼꦠꦫꦕꦛꦼꦠꦤꦼꦤꦮꦏ

8
ꦏꦶꦔꦢꦢꦶꦺꦫꦃꦺꦫꦲꦺꦤꦱꦶꦮꦶꦗꦪ꧉

꧋ꦺꦱꦴꦺꦏꦴꦺꦤꦴꦮꦠꦼꦺꦩꦺꦤꦄꦤꦏꦫꦸꦺꦤꦫꦠꦸꦰꦶꦩꦩꦢꦼ

ꦒꦢꦶꦫꦗꦫꦗꦒꦼꦺꦝꦠꦤꦃꦗꦮ꧈ꦏꦼꦧꦸꦢꦶꦤꦱꦶꦩꦠꦫꦩꦁꦱꦼ

ꦺꦥꦺꦤꦅꦱꦶꦺꦲꦏ ꦶꦱꦺꦪꦴꦒꦾꦏꦡꦭꦤ ꦸꦫꦏꦡ꧉

ꦏꦥꦼꦛꦶꦏ ꦏ꧇

ꦏꦭꦮꦠꦥꦚꦼꦧꦱꦩꦔꦠ꧀

ꦌꦝꦶꦱꦶꦺꦤꦴꦩꦼꦫ꧀꧇꧕꧐꧇

ꦱꦼꦠꦊ
ꦸ ꦒꦶ꧇꧑꧑꧇ꦺꦢꦺꦱꦩꦼꦫ꧀꧇꧒꧐꧒꧑꧇

ꦄꦔꦶꦠꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀꧇ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦃ꧈ꦌꦱ꧀ ꦺꦮ꧉

ꦏꦱꦼꦫꦠꦒꦼꦩꦠꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱꦤꦈꦠꦮꦶꦠꦠꦠꦸꦭꦶꦱꦮꦶ꧈

ꦄꦝꦼꦝꦱꦱꦏꦧꦸꦏ꧇ꦸ ꦱꦼꦫꦠ꧀꧇ꦩꦂꦢꦶꦏꦮꦶ꧈

ꦄꦔꦶꦠꦤꦶꦥꦸꦤ꧀꧇W.J.S. ꦦꦸꦂꦮꦢꦂꦩꦶꦤ꧉

ꦄꦠꦏꦼꦭ ꦸꦤꦶꦏꦏꦱꦼꦫꦺꦠꦤ꧇ꦧꦴꦪꦸꦟꦥ ꦾꦴꦢꦶ꧉

• ꦈꦤꦏꦭꦔꦤ ꦼꦟꦶꦫꦶ꧉

• ꦔꦺꦪꦴꦒꦾꦏꦡꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦠ꧀꧇꧔꧇ꦺꦝꦺꦱꦩꦼꦫ꧀꧇꧒꧐꧒꧑꧇