Veronica Navarro Rojas November 27, 2021

G12 – STEM RUBY

GENERAL BIOLOGY 2
2nd Quarter – Module 2

Lesson 7: Chemical and Nervous Control

What I know
Definition of Terms
1. Nervous System
- the classical doctrine of the nervous system determines that it is a highly complex part of
an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from
different parts of its body.
2. Peripheral Nervous System
- is the part of the vertebrate nervous system that lies outside the central nervous system. It
connects the central nervous system with the sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood
vessels, and glands.
3. Central Nervous System
- the part of the nervous system which in vertebrates consists of the brain and spinal cord,
to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which
coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system — compare peripheral nervous system.
4. Brain
- is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most
invertebrate animals. It is located in the head, usually close to the sensory organs for senses such
as vision.
5. Spinal Cord
- the cord of nervous tissue that extends from the brain lengthwise along the back in the
spinal canal, gives off the pairs of spinal nerves, carries impulses to and from the brain, and serves
as a center for initiating and coordinating many reflex acts.
6. Motor Neurons
- a neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward a muscle and
conducts an impulse that causes movement.
7. Sensory Neurons
- are neurons in the nervous system, that convert a specific type of stimulus, via their
receptors, into action potentials or graded potentials.
8. Somatic Nervous System
- The part of the peripheral nervous system that consists of afferent nerves responsible in
relaying motor and sensory information to and from the central nervous system and efferent nerves
responsible in stimulating voluntary muscle movements.
9. Autonomic Nervous System
- regulates a variety of body process that takes place without conscious effort.
10. Axon
- portion of a nerve cell (neuron) that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
11. Myelin Sheath
- is a fatty insulating later that surrounds the nerve cells of jawed vertebrates, or
gnathostomes. All extant members of the Gnathostomata, from fish to humans, have a myelin
sheath on the axon of their nerve cells.
12. Neurons
- are nerve impulse-conducting cells that make up nerves, brain and spinal column. Thus,
they are regarded as the functional unit of the nervous system. A typical neuron has a nucleated
soma and processes (axon and dendrites).
13. Hypothalamus
- contains a control centre for many functions of the autonomic nervous system, and it has
effects on the endocrine system because of its complex interaction with the pituitary gland.
14. Tropisms
- A movement or growth response of a cell or an organism to a stimulus, which may either be
positive or negative depending on the source and kind of stimulation.
15. Thermoreceptors
- is a sensory receptor or, more accurately, the receptive portion of a sensory neuron that
codes absolute and relative changes in temperature, primarily within the innocuous range.
16. Pain receptors
- also called nociceptors, are a group of sensory neurons with specialized nerve endings
widely distributed in the skin, deep tissues (including the muscles and joints), and most of visceral
organs.

What’s more
Activity:
1. What are the divisions of the nervous system?
- The divisions of the nervous system are the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral
Nervous System. The Central Nervous System are made of brain and spinal cord. While, the
Peripheral Nervous System are made of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to
all parts of the body.

2. Differentiate the functions of the endocrine and the nervous system?

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