Thermodynamics 2

Set Prob.3

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1. Consider an ideal dual-loop heat-powered refrigeration cycle using R-12 as the working fluid, as shown in Figure.
Saturated vapor at 105°C leaves the boiler and expands in the turbine to the condenser pressure. Saturated vapor at −15°C
leaves the evaporator and is compressed to the condenser pressure. The ratio of the flows through the two loops is such
that the turbine produces just enough power to drive the compressor. The two exiting streams mix together and enter the
condenser. Saturated liquid leaving the condenser at 45°C is then separated into two streams in the necessary proportions.
Determine the ratio of mass flow rate through the power loop to that through the refrigeration loop.
a. Find also the performance of the cycle, in terms of the ratio Q.L /Q.H.
b. If Temperature of point 3 (saturated liquid) can be changed from T1 (-15°C) to T6 (saturated vapor at 105°C), find the
optimum temperature to achieve maximum performance of the cycle. (Β-T3 should be plotted)*
*(part b should be solved by EES)

2. The power plant shown in Figure combines a gas-turbine cycle and a steam-turbine cycle. The following data are
known for the gas-turbine cycle. Air enters the compressor at 100 kPa, 25°C, the compressor pressure ratio is 14, and the
isentropic compressor efficiency is 87%; the heater input rate is 60 MW; the turbine inlet temperature is 1250°C, the
exhaust pressure is 100 kPa, and the isentropic turbine efficiency is 87%; the cycle exhaust temperature from the heat
exchanger is 200°C. The following data are known for the steam-turbine cycle. The pump inlet state is saturated liquid at
10 kPa, the pump exit pressure is 12.5 MPa, and the isentropic pump efficiency is 85%; turbine inlet temperature is 500°C
and the isentropic turbine efficiency is 87%. Determine
a. The mass flow rate of air in the gas-turbine cycle.
b. The mass flow rate of water in the steam cycle.
c. The overall thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.

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 3. One means of improving the performance of a refrigeration system that operates over a wide temperature range is to use
a two-stage compressor. Consider an ideal refrigeration system of this type that uses R-12 as the working fluid, as shown
in Figure. Saturated liquid leaves the condenser at 40°C and is throttled to −20°C. The liquid and vapor at this temperature
are separated, and the liquid is throttled to the evaporator temperature, −70°C. Vapor leaving the evaporator is compressed
to the saturation pressure corresponding to −20°C, after which it is mixed with the vapor leaving the flash chamber. It may
be assumed that both the flash chamber and the mixing chamber are well insulated to prevent heat transfer from the
ambient. Vapor leaving the mixing chamber is compressed in the second stage of the compressor to the saturation pressure
corresponding to the condenser temperature, 40°C. Determine
a. The coefficient of performance of the system.
b. The coefficient of performance of a simple ideal refrigeration cycle operating over the same condenser and evaporator
ranges as those of the two-stage compressor unit studied in this problem.

‫ اﺳﺖ ﺑﮫ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﻧﺮژی از ﮔﺎزھﺎی اﮔﺰوز ﯾﮏ دﯾﺰل ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ‬12 ‫ ﯾﮏ ﭼﺮﺧﮫ ﺳﺎده راﻧﮑﯿﻦ ﮐﮫ ﺳﯿﺎل ﮐﺎر ﮐﻨﻨﺪه آن ﻓﺮﯾﻮن‬.4
‫ ﻓﺸﺎر ھﻮای ورودی ﺑﮫ ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﯾﺰل‬.‫ ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﮫ از ﮔﺎزھﺎی ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ از ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﯾﺰل ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮای ﺑﻮﯾﻠﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد‬.‫ﮔﯿﺮد‬
‫ ﺑﺨﺎر ﻓﺮﯾﻮن در ﺧﺮوج از ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ اﺷﺒﺎع‬.‫ اﺳﺖ‬2500 C ‫ دﻣﺎی ﻣﺎﮐﺰﯾﻤﻢ ﭼﺮﺧﮫ‬.‫ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬16 ‫ و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ‬20 C ‫ و درﺟﮫ ﺣﺮارت آن‬100 kpa
‫ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮض اﯾﺪه آل‬،‫ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬1 MW ‫ اﮔﺮ ﻗﺪرت ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ از ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﯾﺰل‬.‫ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬30 C ‫ درﺟﮫ ﺣﺮارت ﮐﻨﺪاﻧﺴﻮر ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ‬.‫ اﺳﺖ‬110 C ‫ دﻣﺎی آن‬،‫ﺑﻮده‬
:‫ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﺴﺖ‬،‫ﺑﻮدن ﺳﯿﮑﻞ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ھﻮا و ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ‬

200 C ‫ ﻗﺪرت ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ از ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ اﮔﺮ ﮔﺎزھﺎی ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ در ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﯾﺰل در ﭼﺮﺧﮫ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ ﺗﺎ‬.2 ‫ دﺑﯽ ﺟﺮﻣﯽ ھﻮای ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﺮای ﻣﻮﺗﻮر دﯾﺰل‬.1
‫ در ﺳﯿﮑﻞ راﻧﮑﯿﻦ‬12 ‫ ﻋﻠﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻓﺮﯾﻮن‬.4 ‫ راﻧﺪﻣﺎن ﺣﺮارﺗﯽ ﭼﺮﺧﮫ‬.3 .‫ﺳﺮد ﺷﻮد‬

.‫ ﺑﮫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻮاھﺪ آﻣﺪ‬88/8/3 ‫ از ﺑﺨﺶ ﺳﯿﮑﻞ ھﺎی ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺪ و ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ‬2 ‫ﺳﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﮐﻮﯾﯿﺰ درس ﺗﺮﻣﻮدﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ‬

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