FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

SKEE 4653
PHOTOVOLTAIC AND WIND
ENERGY SYSTEMS
LECTURER
Ts. Ir. Dr. TAN CHEE WEI

HOMEWORK # 2

CHAPTER 1
BY GROUP 7

STUDENT NAME LIST

N Name Matrix No
o
1 MOHD ISA BIN ABDUL SX170546KEES04
HARIS
2 MUHD ZULFADLI BIN SX170571KEES04
MAHMOOD
3 MOHD YAZID BIN HAMAT @ SX170554KEES04
MOHD ZAIN
 SCHEME PV NEM & FiT

Net Energy  Introduced in November 2016

Metering 1.0  Concept of NEM is energy produced from solar PV installation will be consumed first and any
(NEM 1.0) excess will be exported to TNB at prevailing displaced cost.

 Introduced in 1st January 2019

Net Energy
 Allows excess solar PV generated energy to be exported back to the grid on a “one-on-one”
Metering 2.0
offset basis.
(NEM 2.0)

 Introduced in 29th December2020

Net Energy
 Provide more opportunities to electricity consumers to install solar PV systems on the roofs
Metering 3.0
of their premises to save on their electricity bill.
(NEM 3.0)
 Total quota allocation is up to 500 MW.
 Divided into three categories as below :
  assist in the development of renewable energy in Malaysia
 diversifying energy sources (energy mix) in Malaysia
The purpose
 help consumers reduce electricity bills through generation from source RE and self-
of NEM
consumption
 providing an opportunity for independent generators to sell electricity to TNB

Connecting to Rate NEM

Grid
Rate for NEM Low Voltage RM0.31
Medium Voltage RM0.238

Examples of calculations for domestic NEM users:

a) Energy consumption bill per month = 400kWh
NEM b) Consumption Bill (RM) = RM125.50 (according to the existing electricity tariff including
Calculation other charges such as GST
c) Solar energy generation per month = 100kWh
d) Sales of energy to TNB per month (RM) = 100kWh x 31sen = RM31.00
e) Total bill = (b) - (d) = RM125.50 - RM31.00 = RM94.50

 Policy design to promote investment in RE

Feed-in Tariff  4 Scheme that us generate own electricity to sell to the grid
(FiT) (Biogas, Biomass, Mini Hidro & Photovolta Solar)

Biomass Biogas

Mini Hidro Photovolta Solar

NEM VS FiT

NEM FiT
The NEM mechanism allows users to generate electricity enables that electricity
from energy sources where consumers will use that energy generated from renewable sources (solar, biomass, biogas
to self-consumption first and mini-hydro) are sold to
utility companies at a premium price at a fixed rate over a
period of time set.

NEM uses 1 bidirectional meter FiT uses 2 number of meters which will record import
readings and export.
The generating capacity limit is 1 MW The generating capacity limit is 30MW.

Rate FiT for Biogas

Renewable energy installation capacity Rated FiT Effective Rated

(RM per kWj) Period reduction
power annual
Installed capacity up to and including 4 MW 0.32 16 Years 0.50%
The installed capacity exceeds 4 MW, and up to and 0.30 16 Years 0.50%
including 10 MW
The installed capacity exceeds 10 MW, and up to and 0.28 16 Years 0.50%
including 30 MW
Addition for the use of gas engine technology with +0.02 16 Years 0.50%
electrical efficiency exceeds 40%
In addition to the use of gas engine technology +0.01 16 Years 0.50%
made or installed locally
Additions for landfill or gas use +0.08 16 Years 1.80%
sewage as a source of fuel

Rate FiT for Biomass

Renewable energy installation capacity Rated FiT Effective Rated

(RM per kWj) Period Reduction
power annual
Installed capacity up to and including 10 MW 0.31 16 Years 0.50%
The installed capacity exceeds 10 MW, and up to and 0.29 16 Years 0.50%
including 20 MW
The installed capacity exceeds 20 MW, and up to and 0.27 16 Years 0.50%
including 30 MW
Addition for the use of gasification technology +0.02 16 Years 0.50%
 Addition for the use of gas engine technology with +0.01 16 Years 0.50%
electrical efficiency exceeds 14%
In addition to the use of gas engine technology +0.01 16 Years 0.50%
made or installed locally
Addition for the use of municipal solid waste +0.10 16 Years 1.80%
as a source of fuel

Rate FiT for Mini Hidro

Renewable energy installation capacity Rated FiT Effective Rated

(RM per kWj) Period Reduction
power annual
Installed capacity up to and including 10 MW 0.24 21 Years 0%
The installed capacity exceeds 10 MW, and up to and 0.23 21 Years 0%
including 30 MW

Rate FiT for Solar Photovoltaic

Renewable energy installation capacity Rated FiT Effective Rated

(RM per kWj) Period Reduction
power annual
1.23 21 Years 8%

Installed capacity up to and including 4 kWp

The installed capacity exceeds 4 kWp, and up to and 1.20 21 Years 8%
including 24 kWp
The installed capacity exceeds 24 kWp, and up to and 1.18 21 Years 8%
including 72 kWp
The installed capacity exceeds 72 kWp, and up to and 1.14 21 Years 8%
including 1 MWp
Installed capacity exceeds 1 MWp, and up to and 0.95 21 Years 8%
including 10 MWp
Installed capacity exceeds 10 MWp, and up to and 0.85 21 Years 8%
including 30 MWp
Extras for indoor installation or +0.26 21 Years 8%
building structure
Additive for use as a building material +0.25 21 Years 8%
In addition to the use of solar photovoltaic modules +0.03 21 Years 8%
made or installed locally
Extras for the use of solar inverters +0.01 21 Years 8%
made or installed locally