Name Mauren D.

Norbe Date performed 09-24-2021

Course/Class Schedule BSCpE1/Tuesday Date submitted 09-27-2021

CHM01aL – Chemistry for Engineers – Laboratory

EXPERIMENT NO. 1

COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUS

INTRODUCTION

Familiarization with laboratory apparatus, specially the common ones, is very

essential in dealing with experiments in Chemistry. Every student should be able to
identify not only the materials and reagents necessary for an experiment but more
importantly, the apparatuses to be used in the conduct of such activity.

OBJECTIVE

1. To identify the different laboratory apparatuses and their features.

2. To know the use of each of the apparatus and to be aware of the possible
replacement or substitute if an apparatus is not available.
PROCEDURE

1. On the table below, draw the apparatuses. You may have noticed that they
are grouped according to the material from which they are made of. More
so, they are arranged from the more common ones to the less common.
This will somehow help you to easily recall their names and forms. You
may refer to the internet or other references for the features of each of them.

2. Give the use of the apparatus on the column next to the drawing. If the
apparatus has multiple uses give at least two (2) of its uses. Again, you
may refer to the internet or other references for this part.

A. Glass and Glassware

Apparatus Use (s) Drawing

1. Test Tube
➢ A finger-like length
of glass, open at the
top and closed at
the bottom.

➢ Used to hold and test

small amounts of
chemicals
2. Beaker

➢ It is useful as a
reaction container or
to hold liquid or solid
samples.

➢ It is also used to
catch liquids from
titrations and filtrates
from filtering
operations.

3. Graduated Cylinder

➢ It is used for
measurement of an
amount of liquid.

➢ The volume of liquid

can be estimated to
the nearest 0.1 ml
with practice.

4. Glass Rod ➢ It is usually made of

solid glass, about the
thickness and slightly
longer than a
drinking straw, with
rounded ends.

➢ It is used to mix
chemicals and liquids
for laboratory
purposes.
5. Erlenmeyer Flask ➢ It is used to contain
reactions or to hold
liquid samples.

➢ It used to catch
filtrates.

➢ It is also used for

preparing solutions.

6. Florence Flask
➢ It is used as a
container to hold
liquids.

➢ It is designed for
uniform heating,
boiling, distillation
and ease of swirling.

➢ It measures
7. Laboratory temperature with a
Thermometer high level of
precision for
applications such as
experiment
monitoring,
instrument
calibration, materials
testing, and
maintaining a sterile
work environment.
8. Alcohol Lamp
➢ It uses ethyl alcohol
or spirit as a fuel.

➢ It is used for heating,

sterilization, and
combustion in a
laboratory.

9. Funnel ➢ It is used to channel

liquids or
fine0grained
chemicals (powders)
into lab ware narrow
neck or opening.

➢ It is also used for

separating solid
substances from
solution.

➢ It is used for holding

10. Watch Glass small samples or for
covering beakers or
evaporating dishes.
➢ When used to
evaporate liquids,
watch glasses allow
laboratory personnel
to observe the
formation of
precipitates or
crystals.
11. Reagent Bottle
➢ It is generally made
up of glass or plastic.

➢ Also known as media

bottle, used to store
chemicals in liquid or
powder form.

12. Pipette

➢ It is used to measure
out or transfer small
quantities of liquid.

13. Volumetric Flask ➢ Each flask has a

volume marking
which is very exact
and can be stopped.

➢ It is used when
mixing accurate
concentrations of
solutions.
14. Distilling Flask

➢ Also known as
distillation flask,
used for separation
and/or purification of
liquids or liquid
mixtures where the
components have
different boiling
points.

15. Separatory Funnel ➢ It is used for liquid-

liquid extractions,
separating a
mixture’s
components into two
solvent phases of
different densities.

16. Condenser ➢ It is used to condense

vapors-that is, turn
them into liquids- by
coiling them down.

➢ The use of condenser

prevents evaporation
pf solvent of a
reaction mixture even
when it is heated for
long periods of time.
17. Burette
➢ It can be used to
withdraw and
measure accurate
volume of solutions
in titrations.

➢ A piece of laboratory
18. Thistle Tube glassware that is
used to add liquid to
an existing system or
apparatus.
➢ It is specifically
designed to fit in
Erlenmeyer and other
flasks, making the
addition of new
materials to burettes
and narrow neck
containers easier.
B. Metal

Apparatus Use (s) Drawing

1. Test Tube Holder

➢ Made of metal that is

used to hold a test
tube when tubes
should not be
touched.

2. Crucible Tong

➢ It is used for hot

crucibles, spring-like
jaws with a jaw
opening.
3. Triple-Beam Balance
➢ It is used for
determining the mass
in grams of a
chemical or object.

➢ Its accuracy is well-

suited to most
laboratory uses.

4. Tripod

➢ A three-legged
platform, used to
support flasks and
beakers during
experiment.

5. Wire Gauze
➢ Wire screen with
ceramic fibered
center that is used to
spread heat of flame.

➢ It supports beaker to
be heated by Bunsen
Burners.
 ➢ It has a flat rounded
6. Spatula end and rectangular
made of metal that is
used to transfer solid
chemicals.

7. Iron Stand

➢ It supports the iron

ring when heating
substances or
mixtures in a flask or
beaker.

➢ It comprises a
8. Iron Ring conjoined metal ring
and radially-
extending rod.
➢ It is commonly used
for porting apparatus
above the work
surface.
➢ It is also used to the
ring stand as a
support from an
apparatus.
9. Universal Clamp
➢ It is ideal for
completing a
complex chemistry
distillation.

➢ It is also used to hold

round laboratory
glassware such as
beaker and flasks.

➢ A metal for cutting a

10. Cork Borer hole in a cork or
rubber stopper to
insert glass tubing.

➢ It is also used to take

samples from living
trees, and for taking
samples for
experiments when a
constant diameter is
required.

11. Set Of Weights

➢ A set of weights can

determine the mass
of a body whose
weight does not
exceed the total
weight of the
weights in the set.
C. Others (plastic, wood, rubber, marble, porcelain, or combination)

Apparatus Use (s) Drawing

1. Test Tube Brush

➢ Brush with wire

handles that is used to
scrub thin glassware.

2. Wash Bottle
➢ It is a squeeze bottle
with a nozzle, used to
rinse various pieces
of laboratory
glassware, such as
test tubes and round
bottom flasks.
3. Dropper

➢ A glass tip with a

rubber bulb that is
used to transfer small
amounts of liquids.

4. Test Tube Rack

➢ May be made of
wood, metal, or
plastic that is used to
hold test tubes in an
upright position.

5. Stopper
➢ It is used to securely
seal vessels.

➢ It is not only used to

prevent spills, but
also to trap noxious
fumes or to allow the
vessel to be shaken.
 ➢ It is used in the
6. Clay Triangle process of heating
substances.
➢ It is also used in
conjunction with
other lab equipment
to create a stable
framework in which
to place a substance-
usually a solid
chemical- while it is
heated to a high
temperature.

7. Evaporating Dish ➢ A porcelain dish that

is used to hold a
solution, whose
solvent is being
separated from the
solvent by
evaporation (often
suing heat).

8. Porcelain Crucible ➢ It is a small container

which has a cavity
responsible for
melting and
calcining.

➢ It used mainly to
heat, melt, burn, and
burn substances.
9. Mortar And Pestle ➢ A heavy porcelain
dish with grinder that
is used for grinding
chemicals to a
powder.
➢ The pestle is a
h e a v y a n d blunt
club-shaped object,
the end of
which is used
f o r crushing and
grinding.

10. Rubber Tubing ➢ It is used for the flow

of fluids and gases.

➢ It acts as an inlet and

outlet of cold water
from the condenser.

➢ It also acts as a
passage of return of
heated water vapor in
condensers in its
liquid state.

➢ It is either made of
glass or plastic that is
11. Rubber Bulb Aspirator
usually attached to the
top of the pipette to act
as a pump to aspirate
and discharge liquid.
➢ It serves as a
vacuum source for
filling reagents
through a pipette or
Pasteur pipette and
a l s o h e l p c o nt r ol
t h e f l o w of liquid
from the dropping
bottle
EVALUATION

1. When you are to measure 23 mL of a reagent, which one will you use in
the absence of a 25 mL graduated cylinder, a 10 mL or a 100mL
graduated cylinder? Explain.
If I were to measure 23 mL of a reagent, I will use a 10 mL graduated cylinder in the
absence of a 25 mL graduated cylinder because using a smaller amount off graduated
cylinder is more accurate on getting the amount of aa substance. In addition, the 10
mL graduated cylinder has its marking inn every 1 mL that makes the measurement
accurate for measuring 23 mL of a reagent.
.

2. You are assigned by your group to separate the precipitate from the
supernatant liquid in a precipitation reaction. Draw and label your
proposed set-up. Take note that the precipitate is a fine solid that can
easily mix with the liquid.

BEAKER

3. If you will get NaOH pellets from its container, which spatula will you prefer
to use, a porcelain or a metal? Explain.
If I will get NaOH pellets from its container, I will prefer to use a porcelain spatula,
because it can take a small quantity of solid chemicals like NaOH pellets, and it is
better to use when getting a solid objects or chemicals.