ARCH 001

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN

AR, RYAN BAKING

PROPOSED OLD WESTERN

STYLE RESIDENTIAL
BUNGALOW

SUBMITTED BY:
ESPARTINEZ, ZENDRICK

SUBMITTED TO:
AR RYAN BAKING

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

 ARCH 001
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN
AR, RYAN BAKING

OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVE 01
TO STUDY THE OLD WESTERN STYLE AND THE
MATERIALS USED IN THE STRUCTURE. TO KNOW HOW
OLD WESTERN STYLE WILL TURN INTO LUXURIOUS
RESINDENTIAL HOUSE

OBJECTIVE 02
TO BUILD A SUSTAINABLE HOUSE THAT CLIENT WILL
SATISFY, TO ASSESS THE OWNERS WANT FOR HIS
HOUSE AND TO RELATE THE STRUCTURAL DESIGN
THAT THE CLIENT PREFER.

OBJECTIVE 03
To know the history and culture of the
structure and materials.

OBJECTIVE 04
TO AIM THAT THIS RESEARCH PROPOSAL WILL BE
SUBMITTED BEFORE THE DUE DATE, TO PROVE THAT
WE PASSED IN PRELIM EXAM IN ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN 01.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN

AR, RYAN BAKING

INTRODUCTION

Old structures/traditional buildings across the globe provides

a significant impact to culture, traditions, and style and also it
provides sustainable solutions to building problems. Practicing
architects have a challenging responsibility to design buildings
that are environmentally sustainable with the change in the global
concern regarding the use of energy and resources (Wines and
Jodidio, 2000, Cox, 2009, Friedman, 2012). This new
responsibility has prompted a sensible shift in trend from a biased
preference of eye-catching, institutionalized building forms to
more organic, humble old/ traditional structures. this where the
modernity of tradition and old structure begin to apply in
architecture.

One of the traditional house is the Old Western style In

prehistoric Mediterranean cultures to the present. The history of
Western architecture is marked by a series of new solutions to
structural problems. During the period from the beginning of
civilization through ancient Greek culture, construction methods
progressed from the most primitive shed roof and simple truss to
the vertical posts, or columns

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
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AR, RYAN BAKING

INTRODUCTION

The house in the era of Westward expansion. The Old

Western House is very depending on the region, the region is
dedicated the availability of building materials and how to
weatherize the homestead. In that era there's no cookies cutter
neighborhoods made by home developers, if someone wanted to
build a house they need to build and do it by itself or else they
will live to their other family member. Sod or Saudis is one of the
western old house and it is frequently found on the Prairie where
the plains held little in the way trees or brick type clay, the prairie
was so dense an deep - rooted that it make sense to use it for
building material that's why it called sod - buster. The floor was
dirt and the furniture was rustic, a glass window and a stove are
the biggest expenses for the pioneer homestead, through spring to
its roof it might grow with beautiful green grass .

In Wilderness, where they should find folks buildings made of

logs, it is the process in area that full of trees it is meant to cut
down and use to build a house. this kind of house are made out of
logs were grooves hand cut and fit it together and mortar material
called chinking to fill the gaps, it is incidentally plenty of log
cabins have survive the Old west and lived to tell the tale.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
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AR, RYAN BAKING

INTRODUCTION

In Southwest the arid landscape sparse the tree department,

the homes here is made of one of the oldest building material
adobe brick which is a mixture of straw and earth. This bricks
could be 14 inches long and weight 35 pounds apiece but they are
durable and they keep the interior cooler during the summer
months. During the mining era, house may not have been a wise
choice to move and chase next gold and silver strike, in that time
many would live in a glorified tent that was easy to break down
onto a buckboard but it is easy to move.

Next is the Victorian house, they're still around the towns in

Arizona and have annual historic home tour where residents open
up their territorial area house and take visitors back in time.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN

AR, RYAN BAKING

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE:

Local Literature
Commercial structures which developed only during the latter part
of the Spanish period evolved primarily from the typical Filipino noble
house or the Bahay na Bato. The Bahay na Bato is a derivation of the
traditional Bahay Kubo with more sturdier materials as the main form of
construction. Using the same spatial arrangements of the Bahay kubo, the
Bahay na Bato continued the principle of open ventilation and elevated
apartments as that of its predecessor. The only difference being that the
Bahay na Bato, which translates as Stone House, is made in most cases of
stone instead of the more traditional bamboo. Other versions of the Bahay
na Bato would be constructed of a stone- or brick-supported lower level
and a hard wooden upper level covered by tiles or in later cases galvanized
iron.

Despite the vestiges of Spanish, Chinese and Filipino influences in

local culture, the bahay na bato ("stone house", as the Antillean óókókil
killresidential architecture was popularly called) is unique to the
Philippines. The grandeur of structural materials, beauty of intricate details
and opulence of the furniture are signs of affluence and the stature the
family holds in society. (Sorilla F, 2021)

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE:

Local Literature
According to Patricia B.(2010) In China, in Pre Modern times they
use certain materials and techniques such as pounded earth foundation,
timber framing, and use of brick and tiles were presented throughout the
country. According to Bandon A.(2020) Some designed elements and
craftsmanship point to a particular era, this is the first step in compiling the
house history is to identify the era in which the structure was built.
Obafemi O.(2016) Summarily, this paper posits that the successful fusion
of traditional building materials such as Adobe and modern design-
construct will not only give birth to the earth-conscious building but will
also be energy efficient. Moreover, it will be a substitute building material
the building industry can adopt as a contributing solution to the omniscient
global warming malady. According to Jakie C. (2019), Adobe is essentially
a dried mud brick, combining the natural elements of earth, water, and sun.
It is an ancient building material usually made with tightly compacted
sand, clay, and straw or grass mixed with moisture, formed into bricks, and
naturally dried or baked in the sun without an oven or kiln. J.D Revuelta A,
et Al (2010) Sustainable construction is achieved using natural resources,
such as adobe, is such a way to meet economic, social and cultural needs
economic, social and cultural needs, but not depleting or degrading these
resources to such an extent that they cannot meet these needs for future
generations.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN

AR, RYAN BAKING

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE:

Foreign Literature
Adobe is a common prehistoric building material, widely distributed
in arid and semi-arid lands where other construction materials are scarce.
Generally adobe is non-fired sun-dried mud bricks mixed with organic
material and may be stabilized with lime or cement. A variation of adobe is
the compressed earth which consists in monolithic masonry units made
with earth and straw where consolidation is achieved by mechanic means
without chemical processes that change the material’s nature (Jimenez-
Delgado and Canas-Gerrero, 2006).

Earth has been used as a construction material for thousands of years

(Hall and Djerbib, 2004) with its most primitive form dating back to the
nomadic years where humans lived a migratory life and often constructed
temporary seasonal shelters from brush and wooden frames covered with
mud (McHenry, 1984). The walls of Jericho in Palestine (9000 BCE) are
evidence of sun-dried mud brick construction (Rodriguez and Saroza,
2006). The Egyptian civilization was the first to use the raw earth for
building since the 10th Millennium BCE (Heathcote, 1995; Kemp, 1999;
Atzeni et al,. 2007). Other constructions made with earthen blocks date
from 8000 to 6000 BCE have been found in Turkestan, as well as blocks in
Assyria date around 4000 BCE.

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Adobe Stones

Adobe is essentially a dried mud brick, combining the natural elements of earth, water, and sun. It is
an ancient building material usually made with tightly compacted sand, clay, and straw or grass
mixed with moisture, formed into bricks, and naturally dried or baked in the sun without an oven or
kiln. In the United States adobe is most prevalent in the hot, arid Southwest.

Adobe is a mixture of clay, sand, and silt with good plastic qualities that will dry to a hard uniform
mass. In areas with arid or semiarid climates, adobe construction dates back several millennia. This
use of earth for building construction resulted partly from the scarcity of wood as a building
medium, partly from the ease of such construction, and partly from its insulation value against both
heat and cold. Adobe or sun-dried bricks are found in the Old World in the dry areas east of the
Mediterranean Sea, in North Africa, and in southern Spain. In the Western Hemisphere adobe
appears in many of the pre-Columbian sites from the American Southwest to Peru, always, again, in
those regions with a dry climate. The American Indians built walls by hand manipulation of the
plastic clay into courses, allowing each course to dry before adding the next. In the 20th century,
adobe also became a fashionable construction material in the American Southwest.
Water and small amounts of straw or other fibrous material are mixed with a clay soil, which is then
shaped into bricks in simple molds. Depending on intended use, the bricks range from 8 to 13 cm (3
to 5 inches) thick, 25 to 30 cm wide, and 35 to 50 cm long. Before they can be used, the bricks must
be “air” cured, which usually takes at least two weeks in arid climates. The addition of fibre is solely
to prevent the bricks from cracking during the curing process.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
INTRODUCTION OF DESIGN

AR, RYAN BAKING

Clay Roof Tiles

(Teracotta)

Terracotta roofing tiles were traditionally made from locally sourced clay
molded into a tile shape and fired in an oven or kiln. The firing process turned
the clay into a slightly porous, though waterproof material used to protect
homes from wind, rain, and other elements. Clay terracotta tiles are generally
made in two different shapes: rounded pan-shaped tiles or flat tiles. Builders
mostly used rounded tiles in areas with frequent rain. The rounded tiles were
placed in an overlapping fashion to stop rainwater from leaking through the
roof. Flat terracotta tiles were also overlapped, though they tended to be used
more in drier areas.

Today, many companies that market terracotta tiles make these tiles from
tinted concrete. Though these options may resemble terracotta tiles in
appearance, they are not a natural building option. A large amount of cement in
these roofing tiles significantly increases this alternative's embodied energy
footprint. In this article, we define terracotta roofing as roofing tiles made only
out of baked clay.
One of the defining aspects of terracotta roof tiles is the dark orange color from
the baked clay. The kiln-fired process of making these tiles can lock in their
color and long-lasting durability.
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ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 01
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AR, RYAN BAKING

Lower E Glass

Low-E, or low-emissivity, glass was created to minimize the amount of

infrared and ultraviolet light that comes through your glass, without minimizing
the amount of light that enters your home. Low-E glass windows have a
microscopically thin coating that is transparent and reflects heat. The coating is
even thinner than human hair! The Low-E coatings keep the temperature in
your home consistent by reflecting the interior temperatures back inside.

DESIGN PROBLEM 01

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AR, RYAN BAKING

References:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S20952
63514000715

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-adobe-sustainable-
energy-efficient-177943

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S22145
09515300176

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.thisoldhouse.com/p
latform/amp/21015083/how-to-research-the-history-of-
your-house

https://www.google.com/amp/s/scialert.net/fulltext/amp.
php%3fdoi=jas.2010.2211.2216

https://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/periodicals/nmg/6/
n4/nmg_v6_n4_p69.pdf

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-
1315/63/1/012034

https://www.ecohabitat.gr/are-you-looking-for-energy-
efficient-glass-for-your-home/

DESIGN PROBLEM 01