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    34 views260 pages

    В. Авдиев. Древен Изток. С., 1989.

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Iliev Vanche

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf
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    Hunexe 931/939 B. V1. Apanes Uctopua Ha peBHHA VM3ToK Bropo usnanue TIPEBEJIA OT PYCKH BOPA /IPYMEBA Codus Vanatencrso Hayxa 4 u3KycTBo 1977 B. H. Asaues MICTOPHS| APEBHETO BOCTOKA Mosanue rporse Hlepepadoraunoe Peapxrop 7. P. Jtumemna Moexea 1970 yBoa SakovonepHocrra, Fupxy KOATO ce rpaAK mpolleceT a pasaaraue Ha po- Aontix crpoii 1 oGpasyparero BDpxy PassaaHmuTe my Ha Halt-ApestoTo po- Gopaaxeacko oGuectao, Moxe Aa Ghxe npocenewa Hal-ao6pe B RcTOpHATA Ha mapoatrre, aise B~PXY OGuNPHATa TepuTopHa OT Caxapa Ha sanan Ho Gperonere tia Tusa oxeai Ha H3TOK. T.€. HeTOpKATA Ha KapoaitTe, KO- hyo B ApesHocrra ca Haceassaan crpauute 8 Ceaeponatouta Adpixa, Hstousioro Cpeanseromopne, TIpeaa, 1Oxa n Hotowita Asus. B Es: Porta BewuKH Tes eTpan OTiaBiia ca’ YapHYanM sTOUNH, SaToBa HeTo- pilara Ha Taxa Hapesenns apesex Hatox e 8 chiltHoct mpsa crpaniua b cocruswara Novopun He wtacositre oOuiectsa MN mapmaan. Korato NpHeTOMBAME KEI syNanauieTO Ha BAKE HeTOpHYeCKH NpOGAeS, TPAO- a no aymure ta B. Il. Jenn xa tie sa6pasmme ocnoswata steropHuec: Ka BphoKa, Aa pasrnexRaMe sceKH BUMpOC OT raeaHa TOHKa Ha TODA, Kak H9BeCTHO ABAeHHE € BEAHKHAAO 8 eTOpILATa, KaXBH TMaBHM ETAL © mMpesmiaxo » cBoeTo pasBHile TOBA aBeNNe, OT TaeAMa TONKA Ha Tosa Herono passiTte a BIIAHM B KAKEO MageHO Homo ce € NpeBDPHAO cera". Koraro wayvamane ueropieckt npoueea, mpi Kolito ce oGpasysat vali-apessume Kracopx oOmectaa Ha HsTOK, pixkAaMe KaK TApHe 6aBHo ce npomena crpyktypara 1a GutnHWTe W KOAKO AITO ce Sanaaaar ocTa- Toure of oGuumiE eTpoil. Ho cemespentenuo MuymecrBeHoTo pascazon- Bave BDTpe 8 O6utHHTe BOAH AO nORBATa Ha POGCTAOTO HAO WPBOTO jevTe- He na obmecraoto ta kaack — pofosnaneaux poor. BssxukpaneTo 1a Ryponinn opm sa xnacono roenoncTao e HepaspHtelto cBupsatio che CTH xin nomen na commactiara GopGa M Ha UINpOKHTE HapORAH ABHKEHHK, Crpewelixat ce a notiewe napactnamara conpoTioa Ha TPYAoaHTe NaCl, Ynpavaswawara KAaca Ha Gorarire chsaasa M ykpenBa Hal-apesuara, paxnopoSonaajeacKaTa AepXaBa Kato allapat aa THeT m Mactaite, KATO Tapautuna sa BuaMcxHocT ta ObAat GesitaKasano excnaoaTupaHn Gex- rte i poGwre. Bes spBsKa c Toba npexeraniaBa OcoGeN wuTepec BEM pocur sa thniuHaTa dopa ta passntata npestorsTowa ADprKawa, 9a Pautiata gopa wa necnorusra, H waxpan enuH weTopHK TpxGpa 2a Afimpie ocoGeHo AMNMANKe Ha NcTOpHecKaTa poms Ha Napomitre MACK MPH a. 1 sTonun, Ci 7.20, exp. 468. 5 ‘cvagauawero Ha ocHoMHTe MocTiDKeHA Ha xy.trypara, HsTowuTe Hapo- AM, cLeAaN B XBAGOKA ApeBOCT WepRHTe eAEMENTH Ha MiDHANSALIIA, ‘octapst Gorato KyaTypiio ttacaeneTs0. 5 expainre ua Apesxna Hsrox passurueto ua oGuecnueire opt nporwua iaBsupeano GaaHo. Cao a nronopoanure aoawnit na Huta, TH rep, Ebpar, Hua, aur n Xyanxe Gnaronpustinre ecrectaenn yeaoniin cnowarat 9a nBatinxparero npes IV xnagwoaerne tt 3a ponvoTo pasate na aeweeacKo cTonaticrao ita Gasara tia iakyeTeeKOTO Hanoanalte. Cpan- imiteaHio ,aacTosamiaT xapaKTep" ta cTOnaHcKOTO It oGuecTaeHoTo pagal ‘Tue B Teall paflouH ce oOacHIBa, oT enwa cTpaNa, c NPOABAAHTeAHOTO CRIte- craysawe Ha YeomuaaM it NOMAXCKH HapOAn, a, oT apyra ~c TOBA, Ye Us ‘ata Aepxaba, aKo He ce CMATAT KestHOFOGpoflultTe ToAeMM rpaRoBe, Ce ‘eRCTON OT MHORECTRO ceCKH OOH, BORK OT KONTO HiMa cBOR HaNwANIO caMOCTORTentia OpraHisaunA m NpeACTaBARBA EAL Ma.TbK 3aTBOpeH CHAT. Bup epuoxa c Topa y ApeBHO|STOURNTe apo DATO ce sanasBat Crary. UM of pozoaix erpoft fi TeveHRe Ka neKODe — Hiali-naupen cemciinata, enon Tona MH ceackaTa oGuumna. Tosa Taxpae npoxbmKHTeaNo sanasBane PopmuTe Ha mpiaurugeH coumanen erpolt ce OOscHABA MpeaN BCRUKO ¢ Kpafiio caaGoro paspitie a MpoMssonireamitre chai M Ma HIKOHOMHKATE Kato_1a70, ‘C Hapactaanlero ma npowapoamreanitTe cat ce cosnanaT npeanocral kx aa Tony¥anarte Ha npnnanen nponyxt. Brotixnauiero m passiTHeTo Ha MeTaayprunta oGycaasaT siapecreH nporpec B OOzacTTa Ka Bce Olle pI Matypnara Textiika. Hapex ¢ paspnrwero fla Kepamiikata m TEKavectBO- To, a cBUlO Hc akaRMArgNpaneTo Wa ToAesHN pacTeHA H OnNTOMANAtTe- ‘To Ha HOBM BHAOBe MMBOTHH NosBaTa Ha Nepsitre meTaAHN OpwAnA, OT Ha¥axo MeAHA, CEM TOBA OponsonH H Hakpad XexesHN, eniosara 8a pas- BHTHeTO Wa ceNcKOTO cromancTso H sanaaTHicKoTo npoHsBoRcTaO. OTe {avieTO Ha KMBOTHOBRCTAOTO OT JeMEMeMMETO H eMeUMAANsHpANeTO Na OT JeanH saHantn HoHCKBAT yaentasane Ka KORHYecTBOT paGoTHIa cHaa. Comespemeno prerst Ha MpousBogiTedHiocrra wa TpyAa AaBa BRIMOX- Hoct Ha woweKa a MPOHIBERAa HOBELE MPOAVKT!. OTKOAKOTO ca MY HE- ‘OOXOMINH a SaNBSBAHe Ha HeTOBHa AKUBOT. CTwBi HSTOAKO Aa ce HsHOR- ayba HoRa, AomenuHTenIa pa6orHa cua. Satosa ro¥sAT Aa NpenpBUaT PO6H TizeMmMNHTe, SastoReHI nO BpeMe Ha TpadiTeacKH BofH. OT Apyra ctpava, cileuamianpaveTo K apacTBaxeTo Ma MpowigRoCTEOTO ACBeX Rat 20 yseniapaxe KoaNuecTAOTO Ha mpritaaen mpoayxr. Tost pHa: eH MpORYKT ce npatua na Tasepa ce Npeaptuia B cTOKa. Taka BBOHNK- Ba pAomeKHaTa THproBHs, KOsTO MocTeNeHO BOAN AO No-NaTaTmINNO myinecteexo pascstomsane. »Konkoro nonexe mpoulyxture 1a oGutitiaTa npllemar eroKoBa ¢bopsta, 17. ¢, KOAKOTO NO-Mauika YACT OF TAX ce MpoMsRENTa 3a coBCTREHOTO HoTpes- Alene Ra MPOWaPOAHTeAR 1 KOAKOTO MOBCYE NPORYRTH ce MPOMIBEKAAT 32 Paswatia; KoaKoTO Mopeve pashANata NOTHKBA H BETpe w OGKNHATA MDp- bouauaswoTo, eerectaeio chaasO ce pasmenenve Ma TPYAa, TOAKOBA 1O- nepapnio crane HMOTHOTO CBeTOsMIIe Ha OTMeMHIITE enone Ha OGUINHATA, TonKopa mo-mBAGOKO ce NoAKOMADA crapoTo OGULKTIHO BasAenNe Ha SOM 1 Boo, K, Mopre u ®, Enzese, Con, 7. 28, emp. 216. 6 Ta, ToAKoBa 1o-Gup30 OGMIMKaTA BEPBH KEM CBOETO Pasmoxente H ce npespaiiia w cero or apeOuw coBctremm seneneanx.”* Hwyntectseroto nepabencTso, Bu3RHKHaso Mopaax pucta Wa npowssoRMTemuNTe CHAH K HombaTa Wa PasMeHa TEPTOBHA, BORK NOTaM, Ne OGeRHEAHTE OBIMARMALK ‘yOaT eBOHTe YWacTBILN SeMH H TlonagaT B poerao sa Nbar pH GoraTaTe. sUawacaire, KoWTO HaMAT BBANORHOCT HaBpeMe Ra NINAATAT AbATA cH ia xpeattopa, ca mpunyaentt aa To orpaGoTsat ¢ ame Tpya, a TOBA daxtimeckit deero Boa 20 npeappitane ta Gexnna B po6. [pacitteacku- Te noiss, Mo Bpedse a KONTO NaeHUWNTE OOKKHOBeHO GusaT npesprute- nit B poGit, ome NoBee croMaTaT 3a NO-naTaTDUTHOTO HMyutecTBeHO pas- caonpane. Taxa BusHiKea ,Wepaara opMa Wa eKcnaoaTamuA Ha YOReK on uopexa, mbppata cpopria ta xaacono nexene — poCoananesux x po6w" ? wllotorana — nocowna Jletitin —e comlecrayeano ollle narpHapxaaito HAR, Kaxto Mouaxora To HapHwar, KnaHosoTO cemelicrso..."* Ho B crpaxHTe na apesitin Hatox poGcrsoTo ce passtea Horo GaBHo R exBa Mpes 10- caeaiata dasa ot paaBurnero na ApesHousToUNOTO poosnaneNcKo 06- Mlectao Nossa HIBbR PaNItTe Ha HaA-ApeBHO, MPHMHTHBHO, 20 roaAMa cTenen nomainio poGeTso. B Apessouatovxste crpann ce sanasnat MHO- To AbarO OcTaTbU OT OBtLHNeH cTpo# — B ApeneHt Ermer HanpHMen wax no ennuncriunata enoxa, 2.8 Magus suavurexo n6 40 xnewo. Tocmon- cTaysallara Kiaca Ra poGopmaxenckara apiicTOKpAAa BUMPER WACKOTO PaBkEMLe Ra PASBUTHe Ha NPHMNTHENaTA TexHMKa WMa BLSNOHOCT Aa Haaauta oT paGorHata cha Ha poOw 1 OGenwenH OOULRKHHI TORAMO KO- aeeTBo MpaneH NPOAYET OstaronapenHe Ha MeOSNKOBeHO TOTAMOTO nxoxopoane Ha MouBaTa B AAYBHARHIITE RNSHIH, KeWWO, KOeTO MPH H3KYCT- ReHO Hallonbaxe MlosHOTABA Aa Ce MoyNaBAT OrpOMER peKoaTit. OT APY- fa crpalta, HaapBxKKaTa wa paGotita cia ctpyBa NSBBHpeAYO eDTHo, 2Kecroxure dopait wa exenmoaraunx Ha tpyaowure mac i30eTpaT co- uraanure nporiisopesiia. Henpmenpuscnre npoTmpopesna Mexny eat 11 GorarH, KAacoBHAT attTaronNgeM MeIKAY POOH M poGoBmateMKH BORAT Ho OGpasysane Ha ABpRAss, HEOGXOAMIA Ha poGoBNAReTcKaTa apHeTO- KpARHA 3a noTHeKalie Ha GeswitTe i poOnTe, 9a rapaultupaie Gestaxa’ a exenzoarauna Ka TpyzoBHTe wack oT GoraTaTe, Hali-upestata poGo- aataaeacKa Abpxana 8 xpestix Mstox nocrenenno npitzcGuna ocoderaTa Napaxrepia opwa ua Toil mapevenara uaTOWA AECHOTHA, Mp KORTO ugnaTa BUpxoDKa BAacT e cucpeoTONeNa B pwlleTe Ha Maps-necnoT. B roaewure arpapat erpanit, ocobewo 8 oHesH, KONTO ca pasnozoxKe- HM B aayeNaamTe AozKHA Ha pextire, HanpHarep B Eriiner, Meconor: witg wnt Haus, seMenenteto unsiuxba, Moxe Xa cBulecrsyea K Ka ce passnna caMo 1a Gaara wa naKyerseMOTO tanomBane. Cascem ecrectae- HO e, He OTHaYaAO 8 OGUUIMTe, a cxeA TOBA HB ABPMavaTe KOMTpON’T Aypiy MaNOMBAHeTO Ce YNPAXTABA OT ANDAKOCTAH TAMA MAK OT OpraHH Ma ofimiecraeHaTa BAaCT, HAM MbK HO-KbcHO OT AEPAABH, O-TORMIO Lap- kN NHHOBAMUH, Taka B ApesvonsTouMITe ABpXaBH HeHTPaMMoRpamara cilza Xa mpanitrenctsoTo ‘ce TloReve ce HaMecna B SeMesleNCKaTa HKOHO~ “Aton 48 m3 28 p18 [Aeaeent les Yl™ Nika Ha etpanaTa, Crpewemet aa ce oGeamin 8 poulete na xypxanaTa ueanAT nogenaeH POH. Wa CTpanaTa cbsana nperctasata, we maLaTa Sema mpiuaacicxm a mana, TYx © HSTONIUKYT Ha MaTepHaaHO Mors wectBo Ha -lecHoraaTa. Peauriara o6oconana w onpasxana Heorpanitenara nnact na necno- ra, KaTO OGaBsiBe Maps 3a DAMNED SEMHO BENABULEHKe Ha Gora, sa KeroB new", MpHeMITMK x NacaeANiNK. 3a Aa YxpenAT asactra cit ax TpyAoBliR Wapoa, 3a Aa saaavt ,Hasexit" poGosaareackara Aupxasa i uenitA Ka cop etpoll, poGonzazeauiite w apesHontsToMMTe ypxaan cwaAapaT eet AaHO YuertHe 9a cPemientia, nelllo NoweWe, GoxecTaehIIT xapaktep Ka Hap- gkaTd Baact, KOTO ce MaNipa yx NOX saKpHaAaTa Ha caxHTe Gorone. Karo curat aps aa mupxoBen HocuTeA ua AupxawHaTa Mt pemUrHOsHaTA Baacr, xpeultre K apcToxpaTiTe opraniisnpano BiymasaT TOBA yHene a wapoga c moNouiTa Ha NsoOpaaireailoro HaKyeTBO, aNtTepatypara 4 peautrvosnure pisyasi. Takona ,yueuile 3a TOBa, We AHpAaBaTa © He- mo Goxxectsexo", HORBUAO ce 3a PBB MET n crpanmte na apennin Hs- TOK, No aysHtte tia B. lemme wTReHo cBEPsaHO ¢ HuTepectiTE Ha eKc- uujoaraTopekure kanei. Kouxpetio smtoaorinitan cperoraex saxbaro onpercan evans Huet H MefltoerTa Wa YOBeKA OT jpesHOrsTOMHHR caRT. ExeA No-KBCHO nocteneHHo BESHIKBAT H ce pasBMBaT MYpBHTe dopwir ita aGcrpaKTHo MHcaewe. Bun apbaKa ¢ ToBa THBPAe ToARN NcToplNeckI wniTepec Nex crapaapa Bempoesr 3a pornra Ka Hapoxa MPH cb3zanane Wa ail-BHCOKLI- Te MOCTIMKENHA Ha MaTepilasaTa KYTypa it KACOAOTNATA DB CTpaHUTe 1 Apewuia Hstox. Ho ro oopa ppeme pe.inrisra ace oute Tocriogerayza 3 ehanaunero a xopata, Exenaoarupaiixn TpyzoaNtTe wach, rocnozeTBy’ ara Kaaca 1a agHcToKpatiisira HsHomsyna B cBoh mmTepee ecHEKH Hall DMcOKH AOCTINKeHIIA KaxTO Ha MaTepMaanaTa KYATYpa, TAKA mt Wa HxCO- aornsra. Criuleapemenno Ta Wsnoaaysa ncMKH cpeAcrea na pectirHo3to sugaelicreie 3a Co3neBave Ha XapakTepHMA da TASH ENOXa KalscoB Nopaa, Kofito ce spasnba 3 SesmpeKoetoBiio cxHpetiie NpeR LorMTe Ha pesIKTHA- Ta iB MocayMame npeA HaNaANsN, aMMONITAM, yApABHAM 1 OGorOTRO- pen uap. 3atosa uR0TO ugeEHpeAHO Gamuo pasitTHe ta KYaTypata ce Onpereas 20 roaswa creme OT peiriosiata TPAANUNA, KORTO Hwa 3a ea a yBexonesit Kxacosita cipoli t a Sanasit sleHsMeMME neWERH Has ui Ha poGopaareacka excnaoaraltia Ha Tpy;ceuuTe ce. V1 bce nax upaxrieckiire ny2kAN Ka cTOMANcKItA 1 OGuecTBEHUR 2H BoT Kapa xopars TlocremeHHo Aa ce OTBpcwaT OT THeTa Ha PeAlITHOSTIO- Marnyeckita cBeroraea, [Iporpeciioiitte xopa sta cnoeTo speste ce cTapa- aT ace 0-0GekTHBO fa HaGsONaBAT ABAeHNATA Ha NpUpOAATa, 3a Aa usoasysar GaaronaTanTe 1 chin 3a paspHrite na seweseaneto. Taxa ce TOABABAT HANDHMEP MypHitre MPMACITHBNM HAHAH Ha HSKVCT|CHO tanoR- awe NocTeneno ce HaTpynBaT ewnuprnt shaun B OOAacrra Ka arpo- rexwukata. HeoGxoaunocrra fa ce icky eat Xopata W AOGuTEKET OT pas aMuust GomecTit HaKeKBa eso, MaKap Haii-HumspsHOCTHO HaGMOAeHHe BEP- ky QYRKUMHTe Ha OprawiTe B YOBeWKOTO TAI0 4 BEpxy TOBA, KAK UN spoxeiteraysat neit-crpautim aekapcraa. [xpanre, nonysen no siteTo onltreH WoT cpeseHiis n OS.aacTra Ha MaveMaTHKaTa H ACTpOHOMURTA ja- aT BpsMOKMOCT 2a GonaT cstanenn Hail-apesnme opxn na Ka.teK- 8 apa, Hapea ¢ ToBa evsaapavero ma iuesettocT Mt ocoSeHo Ha PasimsTe 1 ‘oie tecbBEpUrCHTE aaGysIN CHCTENIT © HeCBSEHeHO AOETIAKEHHE Ha ApCB: mowarowmnTe 1apoal ‘Taxa » apebuiia HaTox Bunpexit rocogerwoTo wa peaHrHoauo-Mar eck cueTortea ce HomaRDaT ops Ka aOeTPAKTHO uutcaCHE W CHULeRpE- Meno ce MaTpyMRAT WICTO CMTNPHYNK sualA, oGparynainn HaTeHKIE a Hayka, qv PotaMa creMeH nce ole ApiATasHH, | apeana Pspwia Pits craoa fo-ararbutio situmiTeaKo paaeiiriie a waykaTa Hl Ma OMA ‘esetoriea, xoitro co oniiraa a ce OcBOGOAN OF OKonIiTe Ha peauirustTa Kaxro arrisnoto poGerao e no-u2raraulen crag B pasauTieTo Ha mpi MUITHBYOTO UaTOUNO POGCTAD, Taka K aNTHsHIATA KYATYPA e NO-HaTATSULNO paspirue wa KYATYpaTA Ha APesHOMSTOUNIITE HapOAN, KONTO CEaRaBAT Poasst Opoh saGedtesarTeank Kestioeri —oewona na Aanaalata TpRKo: punieka Kyatypa N CpeauoneKooniITe KyATypH Ha usTOWMNTE apo; or Aaux wt Appusa, Tinpanre ont aa ce Aare o6ulo oniicadile Ha xkuinOTA Ha ApeRHTe Ha poau or Cenepna Agpiixa n ITpeaua Astin ce noxaapar a apesita Dspiis. B ceos oOuiipen weropiueckn tpyx Galata ua netopusra" Xepoaor (ox. 480-425 r. np. 1.e.) aana mBpBits, B MuOTO OTHOUIeHNA HauBel, NPO- IBeTpeH ¢ aereHAM H HOBeMH, HO BCe Mak APBK M UeHeH OVEPK UO MCTO- pu ila ApesKoustounTe uapoay. XeponoT, KoMTo ocoGeHO noApobHo Owvicsa nowurmaeckara cTOphix m MeTOpHIATa a KyATypAra, GAM OT Mpante Noctasa naxsniia npoGres 34 Ky.tTypuuTO wacegcrBO Ha Apes: uonatounna cant. OT no-KscHo apeme (1B, mp. tt, e.) € sicTopsmneeritr tpya ita Z[uoxop, Koilro uanozsysa peama ustounitH. Ocoteno mre pecen p uerontia TpyA e oVepKeT no HeTOpHIA Ha Eruner it Onunxna npes htepenfickara enoxa. Paniioxpucrusuckire ucropii, no-rownlo Encesuit, Flepounet w Av rycTiIH, ganagbaT B TpyAowere cH caMO AasteNMu cnoweNt 3a Maii-apeD- ihre chevowis MoWapxit ua Acupuix, Basiuzon, Muaua x Tlepeus, xonro ca npeaiueerBy nual zBpxanata Ha Anexcanmyp MaKexouexs PuntcKa- ‘ra uMMeptia, ( TeveHle Ha BpeMeTO OT MaMeTTa Ha XOPaTa OT NO-KBCHI- Te NOKOMeNWN 134eaBa NONTH HaMbAHO WeANAT ApeBHOUSTOYEH cBAT ¢ nerosata coxa M pasioodpasia ueTopHm 4 cBoeopasna Kyatypa. B MaaKo oF KiNTHITe Ha cpeAWoReKOBHHTe MuicaTeAH ce Sanaseat CaNO We- ACHH OGHPKANI cMOMeNH 3a IHaMeMHTHTe report OF ATOKA APeDHOCT Hewppoa, Hist, Cesoerpite (Cenycept — 6. p.), cnlonens, suusteraywant Tetapiio OF OnGaciickn aerenan m osepu Ha aNTITUNN MuicaTent. Hopi B wawazoro Ha nonoro apeme, 8 XVIII, dpeucKiaT stcropux Bocioe 8 cao ‘OOmHpeN Mperaen Ha CaeTOBHATA sCTOpHN OTACHA NesHaNNTEAHO MaCTO Ma apesuousTosHnire napont. ‘AMO OTACAM NPOrpeCHENH McaTeaH HIMeXAY MpocverirediTe w eummkaoneauerite (Nanpiwep Boarep) eaeao pasoGanuasar dawractiy- na aerennapen XapakTep Ha ApeDHHTE cKasaHllA, KONTO THMNAT KI Tite, nocweTesit Ha apeswata HcTOpIs. Tipwa omir aa ocwucaaHe Ha HcTopunra M xyaTypara Ha ApesHR 9 Yostox e ovepxat na Nerea ,Hatownt cot", akaoxen p ackuunre My No diiaocouin ta uctopusxta. Karo ce onmMpa va autumn apTopl, Ha BuGawara Ma tpyzose a esponelickn muTeuecTsemuna, HeTopMUM H usozoan, npHeroniax B Kpaa ua XVII « Havaaoto Ha XIX B. KoM Maywapane wa ApeaHonstounara ncropwa, Xeren aga AO roamMa creme. Gantaetiana i Monavie Kapruna Ha PasniTHeTO na ApesHioNsTOATaTa KyaTypa 7 Testa TowKA tia cooaTa peaxtioHKa peautrnosHo-tA0co}- ka Toplia 3a CaMOPASKPHAGHE AYNA 9 HeTopsbATa a HOBeYeCTROTO. Toaestnte apxeonorimecks paskonKM 1 ZertiKpprpaiteTo wa ApEREO- ustowlTe HanmicH, npeanpHemani npea ues XIX B, AaBaT BRINOX- HOCT Ja ce NPHETBMH Tlo-cepHosto KBM Hsy¥apale HcTOpuATA M KYATYPA- ‘ra wa apesnsin Hatox. B pesy.trar na nponemxnteama padora Ha MOTO- Gpoiinit wsexexonaTeaN ce MOABABAT Hay'iN TPYROBe, B KONTO ce maya ‘oct mperaer ta Heroptiara ma xpenmaa Harox. Anroputre na TesH OGpoutar ocoGexo BHHMauKe sa RomuTHMECKHITe CHONTHA, FABIO 1 hire, a cpio Ha KyaTypATa na ApestonstoURITTe Hapoatt. Or reat o606- lasauu Tpyaose Ha ypxoasimTe view TpaGBa Aa ce OrGeAeKaT TpH- ‘TownuKET Ha pexexiis erntoaor T. Macmepo ,Ipesna wetupia Wa ita poante wa xaacuyeckus Hstox", ronawara o6obtttanaina .Hctopin 4a Apesioccta" wa Ea. Maiiep, a oputo m Asyromuuar tpya na axag. B. A. Typaes ,Heropus Ha apesitita Hstox". Enum or wail-ronewure cemua.tncra wa caoero epewe, C. Macnepo, nomoaayeaki orpomHo KomiMecTBO HETONNMLH, OCT MMH Ha uayKaTa B xpag na XIX 8, npaeM een Onur na Aaae OOta KaprHiNa ma >KWBOTA Ha Napoute or apesnna Vistox. Toi npya ot ucropunite Ha ApesHOUsTOM- HMA cesT OOPSLA BAMaNNe Ha coUWANHO-IKOROMMIecKaTa weTOplIs, raaono ma apesniix Ernner, a chino a mpobuiema sa MexayHapoasnTe oromemis oT ontosa Bpeme. Ho Tpyaur ta T. Macrtepo tiga i AKON He aocrarpii. Taxa HanpiiMep aBTOpET AaeH He SIMart ce oTUacs ADE Too KpitrinTO KtaL cBorITe nsTouMIUN. TIpeynonMmasaiKn sHayemueTo ua peanrugra, [. Mactepo sanoupa scexn pasaen na chon tpyA ¢ nper JOR Ha peanrioawTe BAPBANET Na AAC HAPOA, KATO B OcHoBATA HA H- ata uictopuecka etpyktypa caara maeiinin daxtop. ewes rosa I. Ma- enepo HrHopipa Atmavmnata Ha HeTOpiiecxoTo pasnmrrne. Orxeanm onep- UH, TaaBHo nO CouxaHo-sKOMOMMTecKaTa HeTopHx, T. 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