Pr.

Find,
i) fog
ii) gof
iii) fof
iv) gog
for the following fn.s.
1) f(x) = x2 & g(x) = cos x
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ] = f (cos x) = cos2x

ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ] = g (x2) = cos (x2)

iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ] = f (x2) = (x2)2 = x4

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ] = g (cos x)
= cos (cos x)
2) f(x) = x2 & g(x) = x + 3
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ] = f (x + 3) = (x + 3)2

ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ] = g (x2) = x2 + 3

iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ] = f (x2) = (x2)2 = x4
iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ] = g (x + 3)
= g(a)[ a = x + 3 ] = a + 3 = x + 3 + 3
=x+6
3) f(x) = 2x + x2 & g(x) = x3
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f (x3) = f (a) [ put x3 = a ]
= 2a + a2 = 2x3 + x6

ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]

= g (2x + x2) = f (b) [ put 2x + x2 = b]

= b3 = (2x + x2 )3
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ]
= f (2x + x2) = f (b) [ put 2x + x2 = b]
= 2b + b2 = 2(2x + x2) + (2x + x2)2
= 4x + 2x2 + (2x + x2)2

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]

= g (x3) = g(a) [ put x3 = a ]
= a3 = (x3)3
= x9
4) f(x) = x &
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f (a)
=a
ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ] = g (x)
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ] = f (x) = x
iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]
5) f(x) = 2x & g(x) =
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]

= f (a) = 2a
ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]
= g (2x), put 2x = b
= g(b)
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ]
= f (2x), put 2x = b
= f(b) = 2b
= 2 × 2x = 4x

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]

=x
6) f(x) = x2 + 3x + 1 & g(x) = 2x - 3
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f ( 2x – 3 ), put 2x – 3 = a
= f (a) = a2+ 3a + 1 = (2x – 3)2 + 3(2x- 3) + 1
= 4x2 – 12x + 9 + 6x – 9 + 1 = 4x2 - 6x + 1
ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]
= g (x2 + 3x + 1), put x2 + 3x + 1 = b
= g (b) = 2b - 3 = 2(x2 + 3x + 1) - 3
= 2x2 + 6x + 2 – 3 = 2x2 + 6x - 1
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ]
= f (x2 + 3x + 1), put x2 + 3x + 1 = b
= f (b) = b2 + 3b + 1
= (x2 + 3x + 1)2 + 3(x2 + 3x + 1) + 1
= (x2 + 3x + 1)2 + 3x2 + 9x + 4

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]

= g (2x – 3)
= 2(2x – 3) – 3
= 4x - 9
7) f(x) = x2 + 2x - 3 & g(x) = 3x – 4
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f (3x - 4) = (3x - 4)2 + 2(3x - 4) - 3
= 9x2 – 24x + 16 + 6x – 8 – 3
= 9x2 – 18x + 16 – 8 - 3 = 9x2 - 18x + 5
ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]
= g (x2 + 2x - 3) = 3(x2 + 2x - 3) - 4
= 3x2 + 6x - 9 – 4
= 3x2 + 6x - 13
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ]
= f (x2 + 2x - 3)
= (x2 + 2x - 3)2 + 2(x2 + 2x - 3) – 3
= (x2 + 2x - 3)2 + 2x2 + 4x - 6 – 3
= (x2 + 2x - 3)2 + 2x2 + 4x - 9

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]

= g (3x – 4)
= 3(3x – 4) – 4
= 9x – 12 – 4 = 9x - 16
8) f(x) = 2x - 1 & g(x) = x2 + 1
Sol.
i) fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f (x2 + 1) = 2 (x2 + 1) - 1
= 2x2 + 2 - 1
= 2x2 + 1
ii) gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]
= g (2x - 1)
= (2x - 1)2 - 1
= 4x2 - 4x
iii) fof (x) = f [ f(x) ]
= f (2x - 1)
= 2 (2x - 1) – 1
= 4x - 3

iv) gog (x) = g [ g(x) ]

= g (x2 + 1)
= (x2 + 1)2 + 1
= x4 + 2x2 + 1 + 1
= x4 + 2x2 + 2
9) If f(x) = x2 + x + 7, ∀ x ∈ R & g(x) = 5x – 3, ∀ x ∈ R,
find fog & gof ? Also find fog(2) & gof(1)?
Sol.
fog(x) = f [ g(x) ]
= f (5x – 3) [ put a = 5x – 3 ]
= f(a) = a2 + a + 7
= (5x – 3)2 + 5x – 3 + 7
fog(x) = (5x – 3)2 + 5x – 3 + 7
fog(2) = 49 + 10 + 4 = 63
gof (x) = g [ f(x) ]

= g (x2 + x + 7), put b = x2 + x + 7

= g(b) = 5b – 3
= 5(x2 + x + 7) – 3
= 5x2 + 5x + 32

gof (1) = 5 + 5 + 32 = 42
10) If f is a greatest integer fn. & g is modulus fn.,
what is
Sol.
Here f(x) =[x]

∴
11) If f = { (5, 2), (6, 3) } & g = { 2, 5), (3, 6) }, find fog &
gof ?
Sol.
Dom. gof = dom. f = { 5, 6 }
gof (5) = g [ f(5) ] = g (2) = 5
gof (6) = g [ f(6) ] = g (3) = 6
gof = { (5, 5), (6, 6)}
Dom. fog = dom. g = { 2, 3 }
fog (2) = f [ g(2) ] = f (5) = 2
fog (3) = f [ g(3) ] = f (6) = 3
fog = { (2, 2), (3, 3)}
12) Let f : { 2, 3, 4, 5 } ⟶ { 3, 4, 5, 9 } &
g : { 3, 4, 5, 9 } ⟶ { 7, 11, 15 } are fn.s such that
f(2) = 3, f(3) = 4, f(4) = f(5) = 5 & g(3) = g(4) = 7 &
g(5) = g(9) = 11, find gof ?
Sol.
gof = g [ f(x) ]
gof = { (2, 7), (3, 7),

(4, 11), (5, 11) }

13) Let & . Define f : A ⟶ B

such that & g : B ⟶ A such that

. Then P.T. fog = IB & gof = IA

Sol.
fog = f [ g(x) ]
∴ fog (x) = x
gof = g [ f(x) ]
∴ gof (x) = x

Note : 1
A fn. f : X ⟶ Y is invertible , if ∃ another fn. g :
Y ⟶ X such that
Then g is called

i.e.,