What is RRC in LTE?

 The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol is used in UMTS and LTE on the Air interface. It is a layer that exists
between UE and eNB and exists at the IP level (Layer 3/Network Layer). ... The operation of the RRC is guided by a state
machine which defines certain specific states that a UE may be present in.
What is RRC setup success rate?
 The accessibility KPI evaluates the RRC setup success rate using service-related causes in a cell or radio network.
The RRC Setup Success Rate (Service) KPI is calculated based on the counters measured at the eNodeB when the
eNodeB receives an RRC Connection Request message from the UE
What is RRC connection request?
 RRC CONNECTION REQUEST message is used to request the E-UTRAN for the establishment of an RRC
connection. It is sent as part of the Random Access procedure. It is transferred using SRB0 on the Common Control
Channel (CCCH) because neither SRB1 nor a Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) has been setup at this point
What is LTE service request?
 A Service Request is a procedure an UE executes when it is in Idle mode and needs to establish the bearers to send
data or it needs to send signalling to the MME. ... The eNodeB forwards the NAS message to the MME.
What is E RAB?
 An E-RAB (E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearer) refers to the concatenation of an S1 bearer and the corresponding radio
bearer. When an E-RAB exists, there is a one-to-one mapping between this E-RAB and an EPS bearer of the Non Access
Stratum.
What is LTE call flow?
 With Long Term Evolution (LTE) comes a myriad of new and exciting attributes. One of these is the LTE call
flow itself. In fact, call flow and signalling is unique for LTE, and is driven by 3GPP standards. Call flow is how signalling
and sessions are created across an LTE network
What is KPI in LTE?
 Are used to measure the availability of network, suitable or ready for users to use services. 📈 Utilization KPI. Are used
to measure the utilization of network, whether the network capacity is reached its resource. KPIs for LTE RAN (Radio
Access Network)
What is the difference between RRC and RAB?
  RRC: Radio Resource Control  RAB: Radio Access Bearer Note: the RRC is in Layer 3 - control plane, while
the RAB occurs between the UE and CN, in the user plane. ... The remote control cars are the Iu bearer, and carry
information on Iu Interface (between the UTRAN and the CN), either CS or PS
What is Rab in telecom?
 The purpose of a Radio Access Bearer (RAB) is to provide a connection segment using the WCDMA Radio Access
Network (WCDMA RAN) for support of a UMTS bearer service. The WCDMA RAN can provide Radio Access Bearer
connections with different characteristics in order to match requirements for different UMTS bearers.
What is Rach procedure?
 In order to be synchronized with the network, RACH procedure is used.Suppose a UE wants to access the network,
so first it will try to attach or synchronize with the network. In LTE a separate channel PRACH (Physical Random Access
Channel) is provided for initial access to the network
What are LTE protocols?
 Overview. Long term evolution (LTE) is the next step forward in cellular 3G services.LTE technology is a based on a
3GPP standard that provides for a downlink speed of up to 150 megabits per second (Mbps) and an uplink speed of up to
50 Mbps.
Takeaway: Key performance indicators (KPIs) are essential to the success of anynetwork provider. ... They use key
performance indicators (KPIs). These are metrics established to quantify specific aspects of a functioning network
What is cell availability?
Cell Availability identifies success rate of radio access network availability in a selected region. Ideally Cell
Availability is >= 99% . Cell Availability report can help the Network Operations team to: Identify issues with network
access during roaming.
Accessing LTE KPIs

KPIs are the important performance parameters that are required to troubleshoot and optimize the LTE network and check the
performance of the most essential network functions.

 Summary Report: Select the time range, venue and APs from the respective drop-down and click Apply to view the
following System KPI reports:
 RRC Connection Establishment Success Rate: The Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol connects
UE/Clients (CBRS compliant LTE device such as a dongle or a phone) with LTE AP. A RRC connection is successful when an UE
performs the call establishment procedure, and get resources from the LTE AP. The connection success rate is displayed as a
percentage, computing the successful connections against total connection attempts. An acceptable success rate percentage is
displayed in green color and a poor success rate is displayed in red.
 RRC Connection Reestablishment Success Rate: The re-establishment procedure is required in order to re-
establish the lost RRC connection. This procedure is successful only when LTE AP has a valid UE context. A re-establishment is
initiated upon detecting radio link failure, handover failure, mobility failure, integrity check failure and when there is a RRC
connection reconfiguration failure. The connection re-establishment success rate is displayed as a percentage, computing the
successful re-connections against total re-connection attempts. An acceptable success rate percentage is displayed in green color and
a poor success rate is displayed in red.
 Initial E-RAB Setup Success Rate: After the UE sends the RRC setup complete message to the LTE AP, the
LTE AP sends an initial UE message to the MME indicating that the purpose of the UE and its credentials. When the MME receives this
message and it decides that a bearer is required, it sends an initial Context setup request to the LTE AP. This message is considered as
the initial EPS Radio Access Bearer (E-RAB) attempt, as it contains the bearers to be added.
The initial connection setup success rate is displayed as a percentage, computing the successful connections against total connection
attempts. An acceptable success rate percentage is displayed in green color and a poor success rate is displayed in red.

 Additional E-RAB Setup Success Rate : The additional E-RAB success rate is displayed as a percentage,
computing the successful additional connections against total connections.
 Handover Success Rate: This KPI is used to measure the performance of network when handling the
movement of users and still retain the service for the user. When the source LTE AP sends RRC connection reconfiguration message
to the UE, an inter LTE AP hand over is done. The number of the attempted handover is calculated at the source cell. The hand over
success rate is displayed as a percentage, computing the successful handover against total handover attempts. An acceptable success
rate percentage is displayed in green and a poor success rate is displayed in red.
 Dropped Call Rate (DCR): DCR in LTE network is a scenario when a user’s ongoing session is dropped,
terminated abruptly, and unintentionally, requiring the user to initiate a new connection to resume services. At the LTE AP level, this
is considered as an abnormal release which can be verified from the error code inside the Context Release message. The DCR is
displayed as a percentage, computing the number of dropped calls against total calls handled. An acceptable DCR percentage is
displayed in green color and a poor rate is displayed in red.
 SAS Availability: For LTE APs to remain in the transmitting state, a valid grant from SAS is mandatory. Each
AP is constantly communicating with SAS via the heartbeat mechanism. Therefore, it is critical that the SAS connection with LTE AP is
always available. For any SAS outages, a counter is maintained to record the percentage of time for which SAS is available to track LTE
AP service availability.
 Cell Availability: Each LTE AP is referred to a Cell as per LTE protocol terminology. Each Cell is considered as
available when an LTE AP can provide the E-RAB service in the cell. This KPI is calculated as the percentage of time that the cell is
considered available against the total measurement time. A healthy percentage is displayed in green, and a poor percentage is
displayed in red.
 Throughput statistics: The following KPIs measures various data traffic statistics in terms of throughput (Mbps) and
volume (GBytes) for the Down Link (DL) and the Up Link (UP) direction.
 Average DL throughput (Mbps):This KPI measures the average rate at which data is transferred from the
LTE AP to the UE, within a selected reporting interval.
 Average UL throughput (Mbps): This KPI measures the average rate at which data is transferred from the
UE to LTE AP, within a selected reporting interval.
 DL traffic volume (GBytes): This KPI measures the total amount of data transferred from LTE AP to the UE
 UL traffic volume (GBytes): This PKI measures the total amount of data transferred from the UE to LTE AP.
 GPS statistics:
 GPS Availability: This KPI measures the availability GPS measurements only for LTE APs within a venue that
are configured to sync up with GPS satellites. The GPS availability is measured in percentage of time within the selected reporting
interval.
 Phase Locked: This KPI indicates the average percentage of time LTE APs within a Venue remained in the
phase-locked state with timing source. This KPI is measured in percentage of time within the selected reporting interval.
 Holdover: This KPI indicates the average percentage of time LTE APs within a Venue were degraded to
holdover phase because of unavailability of a reliable timing information from their timing source. This KPI is measured in percentage
of time within the selected reporting interval.
 Frequency Phase Recovery:This KPI indicates the average percentage of time all GPS capable LTE APs within
a Venue were in frequency recovery phase. This KPI is measured in percentage of time within the selected reporting interval.
 Stats per LTE AP: Click the Stats per LTE AP to view the KPIs pertaining to each configured LTE AP, in a tabular format.
The data is presented per Access Point.
All of the per Venue KPIs are also available for each LTE AP.