ACTIVITY OUTPUT

Competency Assessment No. 2

Name: NICOLE SHANE T. AMARGO Date: DEC. 10, 2021

Subject: CDI 3 - SPECIALIZED CRIME INVESTIGATION Section: BSCRIM D2019

1. Briefly discuss the Crime and Information Theory of Michael Andrew Paul Willmer.

 Criminal investigation process resembled a battle between the police and the
perpetrator over crime related information.
 In committing the crime, the offender emits signal or leaves behind information of
various source like fingerprints, eye witness description, physical evidence, and etc.
which the police attempt to collect through investigative procedure. So, if the
perpetrator able to minimized the amount of available information for the police to
collect or if the police unable to recognize the information left behind then the
perpetrator will not be apprehended and therefore will win the battle.

2. Define Arrest

 It is the taking of a person into custody in order that he may be bound to answer for
the commission of an offense.

3. Enumerate the Six (6) cardinal points of Investigation with a question.

1. what specific offense has been committed;

2. how the offense was committed;

3. who committed it;

4. where the offense was committed;

5. when it was committed; and

6. why it was committed.

4. Differentiate Private Crime from Public Crime.

 Private offenses are those which cannot be prosecuted except upon complaint filed by
the aggrieved party while public order crimes are any acts or behaviours that
considered to interfere with the normal flow of society.

5. Discuss the Circumstances recognized in the Philippines.

 They are found either in the Revised Penal Code, Special Laws or in jurisprudence.
 Justifying Circumstances - These are the defences in which the accused is
deemed to have acted in accordance with the law and therefore the act is
lawful. Since the act is lawful, it follows that there is no criminal, no criminal
liability and no civil liability.
 Exempting Circumstances - These are defences where the accused
committed a crime but is not criminally liable. There is a crime, and there is
civil liability but no criminal.
 Mitigating Circumstances - Those which when present results either to:
(i) the penalty being reduced by at least one degree or
(ii) the penalty shall be imposed in its minimum period.
 Aggravating Circumstances - Those which when present will result either to:
(i) a change in the nature of the offense as to make it more serious and
result to the imposition of a higher penalty.
(ii) the penalty being imposed in its maximum period. They are provide for
by the Revised Penal Code as well as by special laws.

6. Define Conspiracy.

 Conspiracy exists when two or more persons come to an agreement concerning the
commission of a felony and decide to commit it. Conspiracy can also be proven
based on the idea of "unity of purpose" and acts leading to a common design. There
 is proposal when the person who has decided to commit a felony proposes its
execution to some other person or persons.

7. Briefly discuss the Degree of the consummation of crimes.

 A felony is consummated when all the elements necessary for its execution and
accomplishment are present.
 It is frustrated when the offender performs all the acts of execution which would produce
the felony as a consequence but which, nevertheless, do not produce it by reason of
causes independent of the will of the perpetrator.
 There is an attempt when the offender commences the commission of a felony directly
or overt acts, and does not perform all the acts of execution which should produce the
felony by reason of some cause or accident other than his own spontaneous
desistance.

8. Enumerate the elements of a case to consider solved.

 A criminal case is considered solved when: the offender has been identified, taken into
custody (arrest), and charged before the prosecutor’s office based on sufficient
evidence (probable cause) against the accused.