SENIOR HIGH ACADEMIC REVIEWERS FOR EXAMINATIONS

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Grade 11 || FINALS EXAMINATION || December 2021
SHARE Committee || Senior High School Student Council || AUF – Integrated School

AUF HONOR CODE

On my honor as an Angelenean, who live by the core
values of Mabuti, Magaling at May Malasakit sa
Kapwa, I hereby pledge honesty and integrity in all my
academic tasks without receiving or giving
unauthorized assistance, thereby observing scholarly
and intellectual standards, rules on proper citation of
sources, and appropriate collection and use of data.
So help me God.

REMINDER
This reviewer was created for the sole purpose of
giving the Angeleneans a reference for reviewing for
the examinations. We greatly encourage everyone to
still browse for other sources to better prepare for
the Finals Examination. Rest assured that all the
information presented in this reviewer were verified by
our faculty and department chairs.

We believe that you will ace the exams, Angeleneans.

No matter what score you will get, always remember
that you are doing a great job. Keep fighting!
Page 1 of 9
Statistics and Probability

DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLE

● It is a variable that takes on a countable number
X 4 5 6 7 8
of distinct values which are whole numbers such
as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,… P(X)
● Its range is finite or countably infinite. 3 9 3 2 1
● It can be determined by counting. 10 20 20 25 50
DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
● It is also known as the probability mass
function. STEP 2:

● A table that gives a list of probability values

along with their associated value in the range
X 4 5 6 7 8
of a discrete random variable.
P(X)
3 9 3 2 1
EXAMPLE:
10 20 20 25 50
Two dice are thrown and the random variable Z is defined 𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)
as the sum of two numbers that appear on each die.
12 45 18 14 8
10 20 20 25 50
➢ Z = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}
STEP 3:

Sum 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 45 18 14 8 597
µ = 10
+ 20
+ 20
+ 25
+ 50
= 100
𝑜𝑟 5. 9
No. of
Occurrence 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1
Probability 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 1
(P(Z))
36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 The mean of the distribution is 5.97. Therefore, the average number of
chocolate chips in a chocolate-chip cookie baked in large commercial
quantities is 6.
➔ The sum of all probabilities must equal be “1”.
NOTE:
MEAN OF DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLE ● When writing the statement to present the mean, the first
mention should be the exact value while the second mention is
● The central value or the average of its corresponding its estimated whole number.
probability mass function (probability distribution).
● It is also the expected value of a random variable.
VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF DISCRETE
● Computed through the formula:
RANDOM VARIABLE
● The variance and standard deviation are two values that
µ = ∑[𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)] describe how scattered or spread out the scores are from
the mean value of the random variable.

➢ µ = 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑠 '𝑚𝑢') VARIANCE

2
● Denoted as σ
➢ ∑= 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 (𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑚𝑎)
● Formula:
➢ X = value of the random variable 2 2 2
➢ P(X) = corresponding probability of the random σ = ∑[𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)] − µ
variable
2
➢ σ = 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
STEPS TO FIND THE MEAN:
1. Construct the probability distribution for the random variable X ➢ ∑= 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 (𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑚𝑎)
representing the number of possible values.
2
2. Multiply the value of the random variable X to its corresponding ➢ 𝑋 = 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
probability. ➢ 𝑃(𝑋) = 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
3. Add the results from step 2. ➢ µ = 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 (𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑠 '𝑚𝑢')

EXAMPLE STANDARD DEVIATION

● Denoted as σ, which is the square root of the variance.
The random variable X is the number of chocolate chips in a
chocolate-chip cookie baked in large commercial quantities. (Following
are the given)

STEP 1:
Page 2 of 9
Statistics and Probability

2 2
σ= ∑[𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)] − µ

STEPS IN FINDING VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION:

1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
2. Multiply the square of the value of the random variable X by its
corresponding probability.
3. Get the sum of the results obtained in the second step.
4. Subtract the square of the mean from the results obtained in
Step 3.

EXAMPLE:

STEP 1:

X 0 4 6 8

P(X) 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

x•P(X) 0 1 1.5 2

µ = 0 + 1 + 1. 5 + 2 = 4. 5
STEP 2:

X P(X) 𝑋
2 2
𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)

0 0.25 0 0

4 0.25 16 4
EXAMPLE OF CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLE
6 0.25 36 9

8 0.25 64 16

STEP 3:
2
∑[/𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)] = 0 + 4 + 9 + 16 = 29

STEP 4:
2 2 2
σ = ∑[𝑋 • 𝑃(𝑋)] − µ
2 2
σ = 29 − (4. 5)
2
σ = 29 − 20. 25
2
σ = 8. 75

STANDARD DEVIATION: Square root the Variance

σ = 8. 75
σ = 2. 96
NORMAL RANDOM VARIABLE
NOTE:
● the most important of all continuous random variables.
● If the given value is the standard deviation, you can get the
● a continuous random variable is considered normal when its
variance by simply getting the square of the standard deviation
values are distributed normally.
to obtain your variance.
● A continuous random variable X can be considered a normal
random variable when it has a probability density function of the
CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLE form:
2
● a variable that assumes an infinite number of possible −
(𝑥−µ)
values including the decimals between two counting numbers. 1 2σ
2

● the range is continuous or would (literally) take forever to

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒
σ 2π
count. where 𝝁 is the expected value(mean), 𝝈 is the standard
● can be determined by measuring. deviation, 𝝅 ≈ 𝟑. 𝟏𝟒 and 𝒆 ≈ 2.718.

Page 3 of 9
Statistics and Probability

● Approximately 95.4% of the values in the distribution

are within two standard deviations of the mean (from
each side).
PROPERTIES OF THE NORMAL RANDOM VARIABLE
1. The graph is a continuous curve with the domain −∞ < 𝑋 < ∞.
2. The graph is asymptotic to the x-axis – the value of the
variable approaches but will never be equal to 0.
3. The maximum point on the curve occurs at x = µ.
4. The graph is symmetrical about the line x = µ. This implies
that the mean of the distribution is located at the center and it
indicates the line of demarcation in which the region occupied ● Approximately 99.7% of the values in the distribution
by the curve is divided into halves. are within three standard deviations of the mean
(from each side).

5. The median and mode of the distribution are also located at the
center of the graph. This implies that in a normal distribution, STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
the mean, median, and mode are equal. ● Suppose the random variable Z is a standard normal variable.
6. The area under the curve bounded by the x-axis is equal to Then, 𝛍=0 and 𝛔=1 and the probability density function for Z is
1. Since the mean divides the curve into halves, then 50% of given by
2
the area is to the left of the mean and the other 50% is to its −
𝑧
right. 1 2
𝑓(𝑧) = 𝑒
7. The standard deviation affects both the width and the 2π
height of the curve. The figure below shows three graphs with
the same mean of 0 but with different standard deviations.

*Leptokurtic - low standard deviation Z-TABLE

*Platykurtic - high standard deviation
● a table that was created to summarize the approximate areas
*Mesokurtic - around the middle,not high nor low
under the standard normal curve, given in four decimal
8. In general, the graph of a normal distribution is a bell-shaped
places.
curve with two inflection points, one on the left and another
● the values given in the table represent the area under the
on the right. Inflection points are the points that mark the
standard normal curve from 0 (the mean). In symbols, this is
change in the curve’s concavity.
written as φ(𝑧) = 𝑃(0 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧).

HOW TO LOCATE AN AREA USING THE Z-TABLE

● From the table, start by locating the first and second digit
(ones place and tenth decimal place) in the first or leftmost
column and then the 3rd digit (hundredths decimal place) in
the first row of the table and find their intersection. This
gives the corresponding area.

CASE 1:TWO VALUES ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF Z=0

● When the two endpoints of the given interval are located on
9. The standard deviation precisely describes the spread of opposite sides of the mean, the individual probabilities from 0
the normal curve. are added, i.e.,
● Approximately 68.3% of the values in the distribution ● 𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) + φ(𝑧2 )
are within one standard deviation of the mean (from
each side).
Page 4 of 9
Statistics and Probability
CASE 2: TWO VALUES ON THE SAME SIDE Z=0 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −0.18) = 0.5 −𝜑(0.18)
● When the two endpoints of the given interval are located on the 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −0.18) = 0.5 − 0.0714
same side of the mean, the individual probabilities are 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −0.18) = 0.4286
subtracted.
4. The probability that a standard normal score is greater than
1. CASE 2.1: BOTH DUE RIGHT - 𝑃(𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) − φ(𝑧2 ) -1.26.
𝑃(𝑍 > −1.26)= 𝑃(−1.26 < 𝑍 < +∞)
2. CASE 2.2: BOTH DUE LEFT - 𝑃(−1.26 < 𝑍 < +∞) = 𝜑(−1.26) + 0.5
𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ − 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) − φ(𝑧2 ) 𝑃(−1.26 < 𝑍 < +∞) = 0.3962 + 0.5
𝑃(−1.26 < 𝑍 < +∞) = 0.8962
There is 89.62% chance that it is greater than the given z-score.
EXAMPLE
1. Find the area under the standard normal curve between 0 and 5. The area under the normal curve between 1.39 and 2.45.
2.04 𝑃(𝑧1 < 𝑍 < 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) − φ(𝑧2 )
𝝋 𝟐. 𝟎𝟒 = 47.93%
𝑃(1.39 < 𝑍 < 2.45) = 𝜑(2.45) −𝜑 (1.39)
2. Find the area under the normal distribution between -1.83 and 𝑃(1.39 < 𝑍 < 2.45) = 0.4929 − 0.4177
0. 𝑃(1.39 < 𝑍 < 2.45) = 0.0752
𝝋 −𝟏. 𝟖𝟑 = 46.64% The area is 7.52%.

3. A standard normal score is selected at random. Find the 6. The area under the normal curve from -1.09 to 2.23.
probability that it falls between 0.13 and 2.28. 𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) + φ(𝑧2 )
𝑃(𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) − φ(𝑧2 )
𝑃(−1.09 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 2.23) = 𝜑(−1.09) + 𝜑 (2.23)
𝑃(0.13 < 𝑍 < 2.28)= 𝜑(2.28) -𝜑(0.13) 𝑃(−1.09 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 2.23) = 0.3621 + 0.4871
𝑃(0.13 < 𝑍 < 2.28)= 0.4887-0.0517 𝑃(−1.09 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 2.23) = 0.8492
𝑃(0.13 < 𝑍 < 2.28)= 0.437 The area is 84.92%.
The probability is 43.7%
7. The probability that a number chosen at random on the
4. Find the area under the curve from z= -1.25 to z= 0.74 standard normal scores is less than or equal to -2.77
𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) + φ(𝑧2 ) 𝑃(𝑍 ≤ −2.77)= 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −2.77)
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −2.77) = 0.5 − 𝜑(−2.77)
𝑃(−1.25 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 0.74)= 𝜑(1.25) +𝜑(0.74) 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −2.77) = 0.5 − 0.4972
𝑃(−1.25 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 0.74)= 0.3944+ 0.2704 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −2.77) = 0.0028
𝑃(−1.25 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 0.74)= 0.6648 There is 0.28% chance that it is less than the given z-score.
The probability is 66.48%
STANDARDIZING ANY NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
5. Find the probability that a value in the standard normal
● Given a normal random variable X, with the mean µ and
distribution falls on the interval (-3.06, -1.41)
standard deviation 𝜎, each value of the variable x can be
𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) + φ(𝑧2 )
transformed into z-scores using the formula
𝑃(−3.06 < 𝑍 < −1.41)= 𝜑(3.06) -𝜑(1.41) 𝑥−µ
𝑃(−3.06 < 𝑍 < −1.41)= 0.4989– 0.4207 𝑍= σ
𝑃(−3.06 < 𝑍 < −1.41)= 0.0782
There is 7.82% chance that the number falls on the given interval.
EXAMPLE
NOTE: 1. A random variable X has a mean of 4 and a standard deviation
of 2. Find the corresponding z-score for x=7
● In other cases, you will be required to find the probabilities
involving the normal curve’s extremities. In these instances, 𝑥−µ
you either add or subtract 0.5 from the corresponding area or
𝑍= σ
probability of the z score. 7−4
𝑍= 2
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧)= 0.5+𝜑(𝑧)
𝑃(−𝑧 ≤ 𝑍 < ∞)= 0.5+𝜑(𝑧) 3
𝑃(𝑧 ≤ 𝑍 < ∞)= 0.5-𝜑(𝑧) 𝑍= 2
𝑜𝑟 1. 5
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −𝑧)= 0.5-𝜑(𝑧)
2. Find the probability that one randomly selected value of x from
EXAMPLE: a normal distribution, with mean 584.2 and standard deviation
1. Find the probability that a number chosen at random on the 37.2, will have a value
standard normal scores is less than 1.35 a. less than 530
𝑃(𝑍 < 1.35)= 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < 1.35) 𝑥−µ
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < 1.35) = 0.5 +𝜑(1.35) 𝑍= σ
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < 1.35) = 0.5 +0.4115
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < 1.35) = 0.9115 530−584.2
𝑍= 37.2
= − 1. 46
2. Find the area under the normal curve from 2.09 and above.
𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 2.09)= 𝑃(2.09 ≤ 𝑍 < ∞) 𝑃(𝑍 < −1.46) = 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −1.46)
𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 2.09) = 0.5 − 𝜑(2.09) 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −1.46) = 0.5 − 𝜑(−1.46)
𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 2.09) = 0.5 − 0.4817 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −1.46) = 0.5 – 0.4279
𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 2.09) = 0.0183 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −1.46) = 0.0721
The probability is 7.21%
3. Find the probability that a standard normal score is less than
-0.18. b. of at least 590
𝑃(𝑍 < −0.18)= 𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 < −0.18)
Page 5 of 9
Statistics and Probability

𝑥−µ
𝑍= σ
STEP 3: MEAN of the Sample Means

590−584.2 ∑𝑥
𝑍= 37.2
= 0. 16
z = 0.16 µ 𝑥
= 𝑛
𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 0.16)= 𝑃(0.16 ≤ 𝑍 < +∞) 3+3.67+4.33+5 16
𝑃(0.16 ≤ 𝑍 < +∞) = 0.5 − 𝜑(0.16) µ 𝑥
= 4
= 4
= 4
𝑃(0.16 ≤ 𝑍 < +∞) = 0.5 – 0.0636
𝑃(−∞ < 𝑍 ≤ −1.46) = 0.4364
STEP 4: STANDARD ERROR of the Sample Means
The probability is 43.64%

c. between 525 and 589 ∑𝑓(𝑥−µ 𝑥)

2

𝑥−µ 2
𝑍= σ
σ 𝑥= 𝑛
525−584.2 2
2 2 2 2
𝑍= 37.2
= − 1. 59 σ 𝑥=
1(3−4) +1(3.67−4) +1(4.33−4) +1(5−4)
= 0. 55
4
589−584.2 2
𝑍 = 37.2
= 0. 13 σ 𝑥 = 0. 55 = 0. 55 = 0. 74

𝑃(− 𝑧1 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 𝑧2) = φ(𝑧1) + φ(𝑧2 )

2. Random sample with size 5 are to be chosen from the
𝑃(−1.59 < 𝑍 < 0.13) = 𝜑(−1.59) + 𝜑(0.13) population containing the values 6, 8, 12, 14, 18, and 20.
𝑃(−1.59 < 𝑍 < 0.13) = 0.4441 + 0.0517 a. Construct a sampling distribution of the medians.
𝑃(−1.59 < 𝑍 < 0.13) = 0.4958 b. Find the mean of the sample medians.
The probability is 49.58% c. Compute the standard error of the sample medians

SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION STEP 1: Find all the possible combinations of the sample.
● It is a distribution that shows the frequency with which values
of statistics are observed when all the possible random 𝐶 = 6. It only implies that there 6 possible combinations of sample size
6 5
samples are drawn from a given population. n=5 from the given set of data (6, 8, 12, 14, 18, and 20).
● The difference between the value of a sample statistic and the
corresponding population parameter is called the sampling
error.
Possible Sample Median
EXAMPLE
6,8,12,14,18 12
1. A sample with size n= 3 is drawn from the set 1, 3, 5, 7.
a. Construct a sampling distribution of the sample 6,8,12,14,20 12
means.
b. Find the mean of the sample means. 6,8,12,18,20 12
c. Compute the standard error of the sample means.
6,8,14,18,20 14
STEP 1: Find all the possible combinations of the sample.
6,12,14,18,20 14
𝐶 = 4. It only implies that there 4 possible combinations of sample size
4 3
n=3 from the given set of data (1,3,5,and 7). 8,12,14,18,20 14

Possible Sample Mean STEP 2: Construct the Distribution of Sample Medians

1,3,5 3
𝑥 12 14
1,3,7 3.67
𝑓 3 3
1,5,7 4.33

3,5,7 5
STEP 3: MEAN of the Sample Medians

STEP 2: Construct the Distribution of Sample Means

∑𝑥

𝑥 3 3.67 4.33 5 µ 𝑥
= 𝑛
3(12)+3(14) 78
𝑓 1 1 1 1 µ 𝑥
= 6
= 6
= 13
Page 6 of 9
Statistics and Probability

STEP 4: STANDARD ERROR of the Sample Medians

STEP 4: STANDARD ERROR of the Sample Means
2
∑𝑓(𝑥−µ 𝑥) 2
2 ∑𝑓(𝑥−µ 𝑥)
σ 𝑥= 𝑛 2
σ 𝑥= 𝑛
2 2
2 3(12−13) +3(14−13) 6
σ 𝑥= = 𝑜𝑟 1 2 17.98009
6 6 σ 𝑥= 10
= 1. 80
2
σ 𝑥= 1 = 1= 1 2
σ 𝑥 = 1. 80 = 1. 80 = 1. 34

3. The following are the ages of 5 jeepney passengers in a waiting

shed: 8, 11, 13, 16, 17. A sample with size 3 is chosen to ride in
the current jeepney.
a. Construct the distribution of the means of all the
samples.
b. Find the mean of the sample means.
c. Compute the standard error of the sample means.
STEP 1: Find all the possible combinations of the sample.
ADDITIONAL
GRAPHING EXTREMITIES
● Less than / Less than equal / At most = shade left part of the
graph
● Greater than / Greater than or equal / More than / More than or
equal / Above / At least = shade right part of the graph

𝐶 = 10. It only implies that there 6 possible combinations of sample

5 3
GRAPHING FOR NON-EXTREMITIES
size n=3 from the given set of data (8, 11, 13, 16, and 17). ● If it has words, such as between, from, and to, shade the area
of the graph within the two intervals.

RELATION OF INTERVALS
Possible Sample Mean ● From and to / Less than or equal / Greater than or equal / More
than or equal / At least / At most = solid line for the graph
13, 16, 17 15.33 because it is part of the graph
● Between and to / Less than / Greater than / More than = broken
11, 16, 17 14.67 line for the graph because it is not part of the graph
● Intervals on the same side (either both positive or negative
11, 13, 17 13.67 integer) = subtract
● Intervals on the opposite sides (it does not matter which integer
is positive or negative) = addition
11, 13, 16 13.33

8, 16, 17 13.67

8, 13, 17 12.67

8, 13, 16 12.33

8, 11, 17 12

8, 11, 16 11.67

8, 11, 13 10.67

STEP 2: Construct the Distribution of Sample Means

𝑥 10.6 11.6 12 12.3 12.6 13.3 13.6 14.6 15.3

7 7 3 7 3 7 7 3

𝑓 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1

STEP 3: MEAN of the Sample Means

∑𝑥
µ 𝑥
= 𝑛
130.01
µ 𝑥
= 10
= 13. 001
Page 7 of 9
 QUESTIONS 12. 64.43%
13. 93.06%
14. 0.22%
1. φ (3. 05) 15. 82.89%
2. φ (0. 56) 16. 29.02%
3. φ (− 2. 64) 17. 4.01%
4. φ (1. 7) 18. 89.44%
5. φ (− 2. 91) 2
19. µ = 21. 2 / σ = 6. 36 / σ = 2. 52
6. between 0 and 0.49
7. from 2.71 and 1.22 Possible Sample Median
8. from -1.43 and -0.66
9. between -0.10 and 1 20, 25, 27 25
10. between 2.1 and -1.04
11. greater than or equal to 1.82
19, 25, 27 25
12. less than 0.37
13. at least -1.48
14. less than or equal to -2.85 19, 20, 27 20
15. greater than -0.95
19, 20, 25 20
Mean = 28 and Standard Deviation = 4
16. from 27 and 30 as x 15, 25, 27 25
17. greater than 35
18. less than or equal to 33 15, 20, 27 20

19. Random sample with size 3 are to be chosen from the 15, 20, 25 20
population containing the values 15, 19, 20 25, and 27.
a. Construct a sampling distribution of the medians.
15, 19, 27 19
b. Find the mean of the sample medians.
c. Compute the standard error of the sample medians
20. Random sample with size 3 are to be chosen from the 15, 19, 25 19
population containing the values 15, 19, 20 25, and 27.
a. Construct the distribution of the means of all the 15, 19, 20 19
samples.
b. Find the mean of the sample means.
c. Compute the standard error of the sample means.
𝑥 25 20 19
21. T/F: A continuous random variable can be determined by
measuring. 𝑓 3 4 3
22. T/F: The minimum point on the curve occurs at 𝑥 = µ.
23. T/F: When the two endpoints of the given interval are located
on the opposite sides of the mean, the individual probabilities
2
should be subtracted. 20. µ = 21. 2 / σ = 3. 09 / σ = 1. 76
24. T/F: Case 2: Two values on the same side Z=0 contain two
subcategories of cases, such as the due to the right and due to
the left. Possible Sample Mean 𝑓
25. T/F: The mean, median, and mode of a normal random
distribution are equal. 20, 25, 27 24 1

26. Identification: It is known as the shape of the graph of a normal 19, 25, 27 23.67 1
random distribution.
27. Identification: It is the most important of all continuous random 19, 20, 27 22 1
variables.
28. Identification: The range of this random variable is continuous 19, 20, 25 21.33 1
and would literally take forever to count.
29. Identification: It describes the spread of the normal curve. 15, 25, 27 22.33 1
30. Identification: A created table that contains the summary of the
approximate areas under the standard normal curve, given in
15, 20, 27 20.67 1
four decimal places.

15, 20, 25 20 1
ANSWER KEY
15, 19, 27 20.33 1
1. 49.89%
2. 21.23%
3. 49.59% 15, 19, 25 19.67 1
4. 45.54%
5. 49.82% 15, 19, 20 18 1
6. 18.79%
7. 10.78% 21. TRUE
8. 17.82% 22. FALSE
9. 38.11% 23. FALSE
10. 83.29% 24. TRUE
11. 3.44% 25. TRUE
Page 8 of 9
Statistics and Probability
26. Bell Curve
27. Normal Random Distribution
28. Continuous Random Variable
29. Standard Deviation
30. Z-Table
_____________________________________________

MAY THE GOOD LORD

REWARD US ALWAYS

BEST OF LUCK IN YOUR

FINAL EXAMS~

The slope in Mathematics may be steep, but with

the right equation of study and rest, you can
derive from your hard work to break your limits in
Math and in life!

Page 9 of 9