Grade 11 Chemistry

Summative Assessment – 2021/2022 Term 1

Section A (Questions with Multiple Choice Answers)

For each question there are four possible answers, A, B, C, and D. Choose the one you consider to be
correct.
1. Which is the correct order of the stages of operation in the mass spectrometer?

A. vaporization, ionization, acceleration, deflection, detection

B. vaporization, ionization, detection, deflection, acceleration
C. ionization, vaporization, acceleration, deflection, detection
D. ionization, deflection, acceleration, detection, vaporization [1]

24 Cr ?
2. Which is correct for the chromium isotope ¿53

A. 24 neutrons and 53 nucleons

B. 24 protons and 29 nucleons
C. 24 protons and 29 neutrons
D. 24 electrons and 53 neutrons [1]
3. Which electron configuration is correct for the selenide ion, Se2−?

A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4d10 4p4

B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p4
C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4d10 4p6
D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 [1]
4. The diagram shows the first ionization energies of four consecutive elements in the Periodic Table.

Which element is in Group 14?

A B C D
[1]

5. Which two atoms form the most polar bond?

A. C and F
B. C and Cl
C. Si and Cl
D. Si and F
[1]
6. A substance has the following properties:

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 good

The substance is most probably a/an

A. Network covalent
B. Polar covalent molecule
C. Ionic lattice
D. Metallic lattice [1]
7. When sodium bromate(V), NaBrO3, is heated, it reacts according to the equation below.

2NaBrO3 (s) → 2NaBr (s) + 3O2 (g)

What amount, in mol, of NaBrO3 produces 2.4 dm3 of oxygen gas, measured at room temperature and
pressure? (Molar volume of gas = 24 dm3 mol–1 at room temperature and pressure.)

A. 0.017
B. 0.067
C. 0.071
D. 0.15 [1]
8. Which species contains a dative covalent (coordinate) bond?

A. HCN
B. C2H2
C. CO2
E. CO [1]
9. Which statement concerning electronegativity is correct?

A. Electronegativity increases on descending a group.

B. Metals generally have higher electronegativity values than non-metals.
C. Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period.
D. Noble gases have the highest electronegativity values. [1]

10. Which species has a square planar shape?

[1]
2
 [Total: 10]
Section B. (Questions that require short or extended answers.)

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

11. There is no possible way to measure the weight of an atom since it is far too small to be measured on the
most sensitive of scales. However, each atom (and molecule) does contain a definite quantity of matter, so
atomic mass and molecular mass are the correct terms.
(i) Define the term “atomic mass” [1]

(ii) The element carbon has two stable isotopes shown on the mass spectrum of carbon below:

From the mass spectrum of carbon isotopes, the relative abundance of the two isotopes of carbon
are calculated as: 12C = 98.89% and 13C = 1.11%

Calculate the average atomic mass of carbon.

[2]
Question 11 continued …

(iii) Calculate the molar mass of carbon monoxide. Use your answer to (ii) to make calculations.

[2]
[Total: 5]

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12. (a) Complete the following table;
Neutral Atomic Nucleon Number of each subatomic particle present
atom number number
Mg 12 24

Al 13 27

[2]
(b) Explain why atoms are neutral

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………..[1]

(c) An oxygen atom has 8 protons in its nucleus. Explain why it cannot have 9 protons.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[1]

(d) When calculating the relative mass of an atom, the electrons are not used in the calculation. Explain why
not.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[1]
[Total: 5]

13. Consider the following molecule HNO3.

(a) What type of bonding forms between the nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the structure?

……………………………………………………………………………………….…………………….[1]

(b) Draw the structure to show the shape of the nitrate ion.

[2]
(c) Write down the shape of the nitrate ion.

……………………………………………………………………………………..…………………… [1]

(d) (i). Describe the nitrate ion as polar or non-polar.

…………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..[1]

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 (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (d)(i)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..[1]

[Total: 6]
14.(i) Draw the molecular structure of dihydrogen sulfide (H2S). Also write down the bond angle

[Total: 2]
15. The table below shows the type of bonding in a number of elements and compounds.

Element or compound Type of bonding

Mg, Na Metallic
NaCl, MgCl2 Ionic
CO2, Br2 Covalent within the molecule

(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show metallic bonding in magnesium.

[2]
(b) Explain why magnesium chloride has a high melting point but bromine has a low melting point.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….[2]

(c) Explain why solid sodium conducts electricity but solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(d) Bromine is a liquid at room temperature. Weak van der Waals’ forces hold the bromine molecules together.
Describe how van der Waals’ forces arise.

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…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………… [3]
[Total: 9]

16(a) The diagram below shows the relative melting points of the six of the eight elements in Period 2.
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 (i) On the diagram, draw in vertical lines to show the approximate melting points for the elements
boron (B) and neon (Ne).
[2]

Question 16 continued …

(ii) By referring to its structure and bonding, explain the reasons for your choice of relative melting point
for boron.
……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………….[2]
(iii) Explain why the last four elements in this period (nitrogen to neon) show a remarkable difference in
melting points when compared to the first four elements in the period (lithium to carbon).
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]
[Total: 7]
17. Zinc forms many different salts including zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc fluoride.
(a) People who have a zinc deficiency can take hydrated zinc sulfate (ZnSO4.xH2O) as a dietary supplement.
A student heated 4.38 g of hydrated zinc sulfate and obtained 2.46 g of anhydrous zinc sulfate.
Use these data to calculate the value of the x in ZnSO4.xH2O Show your working.
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…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………… [4]
(b) Zinc chloride can be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction between zinc oxide and hydrochloric
acid.
The equation for the reaction is ZnO + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2O
A 0.0830 mol sample of pure zinc oxide was added to 100 cm3 of 1.20 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid. Calculate
the maximum mass of anhydrous zinc chloride that could be obtained from the products of this reaction.
……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [4]
(c) Zinc chloride can also be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction between zinc and hydrogen chloride
gas.
Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
An impure sample of zinc powder with a mass of 5.68 g was reacted with hydrogen chloride gas until the
reaction was complete. The zinc chloride produced had a mass of 10.7 g.
(i) Calculate the percentage yield of the zinc chloride metal.
(Give your answer to 3 significant figures.)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]
(ii) Calculate the atom economy of producing zinc chloride in the reaction:

Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2
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 Question 17 continued …
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..[1]
[Total: 12]
18. We use ionic compounds everyday and everywhere due to their specific properties.
(a) (i) How an ionic bond is formed?

...............................................................................................................................…………………………………………………………

...............................................................................................................................…………………………………………………………

[1]
(ii) There is a special zero-sum method for writing the ionic formulae. What does this method
mean?

……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………….

..............................................................................................................................…………………………………………… [1]

(b) Describe solubility of ionic compounds in water. Draw the corresponding picture.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………

...............................................................................................................................……………………………………………………[2]

[Total: 4]
Total Marks: 60

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