MIMO System

Contents

• MIMO Model
• What is Hermitian Matrix?
• Examples of MIMO
• MIMO Receivers
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 MIMO

• Latest and important milestones in the development of wireless

communications.

• Extensively used in 3G and 4G wireless communication systems.

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 Why MIMO is a key technology?
• MIMO -> Increase data rates
• Multiple antennas -> Diversity -> Increased Reliability
• MIMO can also be used to increase not only reliability but also data rate in
these communication system.
• Possible by transmitting several information streams in parallel.
• This is known as Spatial Multiplexing.
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Block Diagram of MIMO

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Model for MIMO (Transmitter Side)

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Model for MIMO (Receiver Side)

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Model for MIMO

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Channel Matrix

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Channel Coefficient

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Channel Coefficient (Contd.)

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What is Hermitian Matrix?

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Idea 1: The Complex Conjugate

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Idea 2: The Transpose

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Idea 1+2: The Conjugate Transpose (Hermitian
Transpose)

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Examples of MIMO

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Example No: 1

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 Special Cases (SIMO)

• SIMO -> Single Input Multiple Output

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Special Cases (MISO)

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Special Cases (SISO)

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Noise Vector

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Noise Vector (Contd.)

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Noise Vector (Contd.)

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Example

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Example (Contd.)

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MIMO Receivers

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 Zero Forcing Receiver

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 Simple Scenario

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 Complex Scenario

• No of receive antenna (r) > No of transmit antenna (t)

• H is not a square matrix
• Inverse of a square matrix does not exist
• The problem is: How to recover or reconstruct the transmitted symbol vector
x from the observed symbol vector y.
• There should have a specialized architecture for this MIMO receiver.
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 Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Vector Derivative (Example)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Complex Scenario (Contd.)

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Example: ZF Receiver

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Example: ZF Receiver (Contd.)

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Example: ZF Receiver (Contd.)

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Thank You!!!

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