SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

CDM PROJECTS

SHRUTI DEOGIRI
 Title of the small-scale programme of activities (PoA):
Malaysia Biogas Projects

General operating and implementing framework of PoA

The Malaysia Biogas Projects is a small-scale CDM Programme of Activities (hereafter referred to as “PoA”) developed
by GenPower Carbon Solutions Services (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd (GPCS) as a coordinating/managing entity and the
proposed project activity will reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) treating
systems by capturing the biogas produced instead of allowing it to escape into the atmosphere. Only small scale CDM
projects will participate in this PoA.

Each CPA will consist of an individual palm oil mill and the palm oil mill owner or project participant will sign an
agreement with GPCS prior to being included in the PoA. GPCS will provide complete CDM service and technical
support in terms of management and monitoring to the participating palm oil mills. This technical capacity provided by
GPCS will ensure long-term sustainability of the project activity. GPCS has targeted approximately 20% of the total
palm oil mills in Malaysia to be included in the PoA.

Policy/measure or stated goal of the PoA

The main objective of this PoA is to reduce a significant amount of GHG emissions from the palm oil mills in Malaysia.
The PoA is aimed to recover the biogas from biogenic organic matter in POME which is released in the anaerobic process
by introducing or substituting the current ponds with a biogas recovery system. This would result in a better POME
treatment system in terms of performance, management and quality control. The PoA also helps to promote biogas
utilization and renewable energy production in Malaysia from the palm oil industry.
3. Confirmation that the proposed PoA is a voluntary
action by the coordinating/managing entity
The proposed PoA is a voluntary action by GPCS since
the implementation of digesters is a voluntary action at
every palm oil mill. There are no laws in Malaysia
enforcing the capture of biogas at POME treatment
systems and GPCS is not obliged by law to implement the
PoA. GPCS also does not have any contractual obligation
to implement the PoA. The targeted figure for the PoA of
20% of the total number of palm oil mills in Malaysia is
also not mandatory.
The PoA also will support the sustainable development
policies of Malaysia and bring direct benefits towards
achieving sustainable development. Each CPA will bring
direct and indirect sustainable development (social,
economic and environmental) benefits as listed below:
Environmental criteria
• The reduction of GHG emissions by CH4 destruction
will improve the quality of the air resulting in the
preservation of the climate.
• As solid parts are removed from wastewater,
cleaner water will be discharged and this will reduce
the risk of water contamination.
• Removal of the foul odor from existing treatment
systems.
• Help to promote and support Malaysia‟s renewable
energy programme with biogas utilization
Economic criteria
• Provide more job opportunities especially for the
community near the palm oil mill and the industrial
sector involved both directly and indirectly.
• Technology transfer involved by working with several
parties, including technology provider for the
wastewater treatment system, sub-contractor, supplier
and mill partners, to increase the efficiency of the
project implementation. Thus the knowledge, expertise,
technical and management skills will be enhanced and
shared among the parties involved.
• Training will be provided to the local staff to execute and
manage the projects in Malaysia, thus increasing the
country‟s qualified manpower and knowledge.
• Improve the palm oil companies‟ way of doing business
in a sustainable manner.
• The project will lead to an increase of the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) and will have a positive impact
on the Malaysian annual GDP growth rate.
Social criteria
• Give knowledge and awareness to the people, especially in the
local community, with respect to environment, climate change
and renewable energy.
• Improve quality of life and environmental condition of the local
community. This will lead to a more healthy population.
• Besides providing job opportunities, the project will also
catalyze development of the nearby area, with palm oil mills
normally located in rural areas.
• The increased job opportunity will reduce social disparity in
society and thereby contribute to peace in the society.
Location of the programme of activities:
The PoA will cover all states of Malaysia.
Host Parties:
The host party for the project is Malaysia.
Physical/ Geographical boundary:
The geographical boundary of the PoA will be within the
country of Malaysia. The PoA can include all small-scale
CDM programme activities (SSC-CPAs) utilizing the
Methodology in states of Malaysia.
Technology or measures to be employed by the SSC-CPA:
The project activity will apply the AMS III.H. “Methane
recovery in wastewater treatment” Version 15
methodology and subsequent versions under the type III
project activities “Scope 13 – Waste Handling and
Disposal”
The project will capture the biogas and completely
combust the biogas in an enclosed/open flare with the
option to instead utilize the biogas captured for power or
heat based on the necessities at each specific site.
1. The project must comprise measures that recover biogas from the installed capacity of the proposed project activity
biogenic organic matter in wastewater by means of one, or a will not increase beyond 15 MW;
combination, of the following options
Substitution of aerobic wastewater or sludge
treatment systems with anaerobic systems with
biogas recovery and combustion.
ii. Introduction of anaerobic sludge treatment
system with biogas recovery and combustion to
wastewater treatment plant without sludge
treatment.
iii. Introduction of biogas recovery and
combustion to sludge treatment system. iv.
Introduction of biogas recovery and combustion
to an anaerobic wastewater treatment system
such as anaerobic reactor, lagoon, septic tank or
an on site industrial plant that does not collect
biogas
The project developer is required to utilize at least 10
percent of biogas for energy utilization. 3. The project
has to fulfill Malaysia‟s National CDM criteria. 4. Each
CPA must be approved by the managing entity prior to
its incorporation into the PoA. 5. Each CPA must
demonstrate in the CPA-DD that the project activity
characteristics are defined in a way that precludes
project activities to go beyond the limits:
i. For type I: project participants shall provide proof that
ii. For type III: project participants shall provide an
estimation of emission reductions by the project activity
over the crediting period and proof that the emission
reductions every year will not go beyond the limits of 60
ktCO2e/y over the entire crediting period.

Rather than causing negative impacts to the
environment, the project activity will provide the
following environmental benefits:
• Reduction of methane emissions
• Improvement of POME treatment system
• Reduction of risk of water contamination
• Generation of green energy
• Reduction of fossil fuel usage
• Significant reduction of odor
MONITORING PLAN
The purpose of this Monitoring Plan (MP) is to provide a
standard monitoring procedure to all CPAs under this PoA.
GPCS as a managing entity will manage the monitoring done
by each CPA to make sure that every CPA will meet the
requirements for data collection, processing and reporting.
The MP shall be in accordance with all relevant rules and
regulations of the CDM. The MP is an integral part of this
design document and can be utilized to facilitate accurate
and consistent monitoring of the Project‟s Certified Emission
Reductions (CERs).
Specifically, the MP facilitates the following:
• Establishing and maintaining a suitable monitoring system
Establishing and maintaining a reliable and accurate
monitoring system
• Guide for the implementation of necessary measurement
and management operations
• Guide for meeting CDM requirements for verification and
certification
Management and operational systems
Data handling
Quality assurance
Training
Baseline emissions for the systems affected by the project
activity may consist of:
(i) Emissions on account of electricity or fossil fuel used
(BEpower,y);
(ii) (ii) Methane emissions from baseline wastewater
treatment systems (BEww,treatment,y);
(iii) (iii) Methane emissions from baseline sludge treatment
systems (BEs,treatment,y);
(iv) (iv) Methane emissions on account of inefficiencies in the
baseline wastewater treatment systems and presence of
degradable organic carbon in the treated wastewater
discharged into river/lake/sea
Rather than causing negative impacts to the
environment, the project activity will provide the
following environmental benefits:
• Reduction of methane emissions
• Improvement of POME treatment system
• Reduction of risk of water contamination
• Generation of green energy
• Reduction of fossil fuel usage
• Significant reduction of odor
 Title: Enercon Wind Farms in Karnataka Bundled
Project – 73.60 MW
Other Parties Involved Contribution to sustainable development
Japan • The Project meets several sustainable development
Natherland objectives including:
Australia
• contribution towards the policy objectives of
germany
Government of India and Government of Karnataka
Objective of the Project of incremental capacity from renewable sources;
The objective is development, design, engineering, procurement, • contribution towards meeting the electricity deficit
finance, construction, operation and maintenance of Enercon in Karnataka
Wind Farm (Krishna) Ltd 15 MW, Enercon Wind Farm (Karnataka) • CO2 abatement and reduction of greenhouse gas
Ltd 3.2 MW and other wind power projects of 55.40 MW capacity emissions through development of renewable
(“Project”) in the Indian state of Karnataka to provide reliable, technology;
renewable power to the Karnataka state electricity grid which is • reducing the average emission intensity (SOx, NOx,
part of the Southern regional electricity grid. The Project will lead PM, etc.), average effluent intensity and average
to reduced greenhouse gas emissions because it displaces solid waste intensity of power generation in the
electricity from fossil fuel based electricity generation plants. system;
• conserving natural resources including land, forests,
Nature of Project minerals, water and ecosystems; developing the local
The Project harnesses renewable resources in the region, and economy and create jobs and employment,
thereby displacing non-renewable natural resources thereby particularly in rural areas, which is a priority concern
ultimately leading to sustainable economic and environmental for the Government of India;
development. Enercon (India) Ltd (“Enercon”) will be the
equipment supplier and the operations and maintenance
contractor for the Project. The generated electricity will be
supplied to Karnataka Power Transmission Company Ltd (“KPTCL”)/
Bangalore Electricity Supply Company Ltd (“BESCOM”) / Hubli
Electricity Supply Company Ltd (“HESCOM”) under long-term
power purchase agreements (PPA). Enercon Wind Farm (Krishna)
Ltd and Enercon Wind Farm (Karnataka) Ltd is owned by Enercon
(India) Ltd and Enercon GmbH and the rest of the projects are
owned by Enercon’s customers.
 The approved consolidated baseline and
monitoring methodology ACM0002 Version 6 is the
choice of the baseline and monitoring methodology
and it is applicable because:
• Project is grid connected renewable power
generation project activity the Project
represents electricity capacity additions from
wind sources
• the Project does not involve switching from Category(ies) of project activity:
fossil fuel to renewable energy at the site of The project activity is considered under CDM category zero-
project activity since the Project is green-field emissions ‘grid-connected electricity generation from renewable
electricity generation capacities from wind sources’ that generates electricity in excess of 15 MW (limit for
sources at sites where there was no electricity small scale project). Therefore as per the scope of the project
generation source prior to the Project, and activity enlisted in the ‘list of sectoral scopes and related approved
• the geographical and system boundaries of the baseline and monitoring methodologies (version 02 Mar
Southern electricity grid can be clearly 05/07:23)’, the project activity may principally be categorized in
identified and information on the characteristics Scope Number 1, Sectoral Scope - Energy industries (renewable/
of the grid is available. non-renewable sources).
Training and maintenance: Training on the machine is an essential pre-requisite, to ensure
necessary safety of man and machine. Further, in order to maximize the output from the
Wind Energy Converters (WECs), it is extremely essential, that the engineers and
technicians understand the machines and keep them in good health. In order to ensure,
that Enercon’s service staff is deft at handling technical snags on top of the turbine, the
necessity of ensuring that they are capable of climbing the tower with absolute ease and
comfort has been established. The Enercon Training Academy provides need-based
training to meet the training requirements of Enercon projects. The training is
contemporary, which results in imparting focused knowledge leading to value addition to
the attitude and skills of all trainees. This ultimately leads to creativity in problem solving.
The site personnel of EIL are also provided training about monitoring aspects of wind
turbine performance; they are fully qualified to carry out all site duties such as preventive
maintenance, operation controls and all monitoring processes.

MONITORING INFORMATION
Metering: Electricity supplied to the grid is metered jointly by
state utility and Enercon through dedicated main and check
meters at 33 kV metering point for each of the sub project
included in the project activity.
Metering Equipment: Metering system for the project activity
consists of main and check meters at 33kV metering point for each
of the sub project included in the project activity and set(s) of main
and check meters at high voltage side of receiving substation. All
the meters are two-way trivector meters capable of recording
import and export of electricity. The meters installed are capable of
recording and storing half hourly readings of the electrical
parameters for a minimum period of 35 days with digital output.
Meter Readings: The electricity export and import to
the grid is recorded by taking a Joint Meter Reading
(JMR) in the presence of Officials from state Utility and
Enercon India Limited at 33kV metering point for each
of the sub project included in the project activity. The
Joint meter reading contains the value of energy
imported, exported, transmission loss and the net
electricity exported to the grid during the recording
period. This Joint meter reading is certified by the
Executive engineer of the state utility and by Enercon
Officials.
Inspection of Energy Meters: All main and check energy
meters and all associated instruments, transformers
installed at the Project are of 0.2% accuracy class. Each
meter is jointly inspected and sealed on behalf of the
Parties and is not to be interfered with by either Party
except in the presence of the other Party or its
accredited representatives.
Meter Test Checking: All main and check meters are
tested for accuracy with reference to a portable
standard meter. The portable standard meter is owned
by KPTCL. The main and check meters shall be deemed
to be working satisfactorily if the errors are within
specifications for meters of 0.2 accuracy class. The
consumption registered by the main meters alone will
hold good for the purpose of metering electricity
supplied to the grid as long as the error in the main
Environmental impacts
Enercon appointed Aditya Environmental Services Private Limited
to conduct Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Study, in the
districts of Chitradurga and Gadag where the project activity of
Enercon is located, to assess the impact of the project on the local
environment Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of this
project is not an essential regulatory requirement, as it is not
covered under the categories as described in EIA Notification of
1994 or the Amended Notification of 2006. However, Enercon
conducted the EIA to study impacts on the environment resulting
from the project activity.
The study area represents part of Chitradurga and Gadag districts.
The terrain comprises hilly areas which are sparingly populated,
the hills are generally covered with shrubs and grass and trees are
not found on the hilltops. Moreover the project area doesn’t fall
under any protected land for wildlife and it has no adverse
ecological impacts on the surroundings, flora and fauna found in
the vicinity of the project area. The wind-farms do not effect the
path of migratory birds.