1. The document discusses various types of sound modifications that can occur in connected speech:
- Assimilation affecting place of articulation when plosives are followed by certain consonants
- Qualitative weak reduction resulting in schwa sounds
- Positional variation of weak vowels
- Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ between words, known as linking
2. Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ can occur between words in sentences like "my landlady bought" or "first girl earned". This is called linking.
3. Questions at the end ask about differences between isolated vs connected speech, types of assimilation, reduction, el
1. The document discusses various types of sound modifications that can occur in connected speech:
- Assimilation affecting place of articulation when plosives are followed by certain consonants
- Qualitative weak reduction resulting in schwa sounds
- Positional variation of weak vowels
- Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ between words, known as linking
2. Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ can occur between words in sentences like "my landlady bought" or "first girl earned". This is called linking.
3. Questions at the end ask about differences between isolated vs connected speech, types of assimilation, reduction, el
1. The document discusses various types of sound modifications that can occur in connected speech:
- Assimilation affecting place of articulation when plosives are followed by certain consonants
- Qualitative weak reduction resulting in schwa sounds
- Positional variation of weak vowels
- Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ between words, known as linking
2. Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ can occur between words in sentences like "my landlady bought" or "first girl earned". This is called linking.
3. Questions at the end ask about differences between isolated vs connected speech, types of assimilation, reduction, el
1. The document discusses various types of sound modifications that can occur in connected speech:
- Assimilation affecting place of articulation when plosives are followed by certain consonants
- Qualitative weak reduction resulting in schwa sounds
- Positional variation of weak vowels
- Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ between words, known as linking
2. Elision or disappearance of sounds like /t/ or /d/ can occur between words in sentences like "my landlady bought" or "first girl earned". This is called linking.
3. Questions at the end ask about differences between isolated vs connected speech, types of assimilation, reduction, el
1 clip board, soap box, sweet talk, Loss of Plosion. When a sidetrack slipcase, topcoat, plosive is followed by another plosive. grasped, crept, stopped
2 Kitten, certain, garden, sudden, Nasal Plosion. When plosive
pardon, is followed by a nasal sonorant. Opening, lightning, sickening, gardening, shortening, good night
3 Clothes, glimpse, plain, claim, Lateral Plosion. When a
blame plosive is followed by the lateral sonorant. plunge 4 the seventh, the ninth, the tenth, Incomplete assimilation the eighth, the hundredth affecting the place articulation. Dental variants of the alveolar consonants followed by the interdental /θ/ and /ð/. 5 Privacy, principle, primitive, true, Incomplete assimilation dry affecting the place articulation. Consonant clusters with the sonorant /r/: tr, dr, pr, fr, gr, br, θr. 6 American president In fast speech, the sound at the → Americam end of the first word is changed by the sound at the president, target beginning of the second word. country → targek country 7 about /əˈbaʊt/ ahead /əˈhed/ Qualitative hard reduction again /əˈgen/ ballad /ˈbæləd/ resulting in "schwa" /ə/ Two customer /ˈkʌstəmə/ syllable words with weak first syllable and stress on the second syllable. Two-syllable words with weak second syllable and stress on the first syllable 8 excite /ɪkˈsaɪt/, exist /ɪgˈzɪst/, inane Positional variation of /ɪˈneɪn/, device /dɪˈvaɪs/ qualitative weak reduction resulting in vowels /ɪ/ or /i/ 9 Library, factory, secretary Zero reduction 1 |Far away, his hair is dark, Linking ‘r’ 0 A year is 12 months long.
2. Spot the times when the sounds /t/ or /d/ may disappear. How do we call such type of modification?
1. My landlady bought a new handbag the other day.
2. The first girl earned twenty pounds. 3. The second boy waited for half an hour. 4. I don't know when they finished work yesterday. 5. I don't like fast food as a rule. 6. It was a perfect afternoon, perfectly marvellous. 7. Raise both your hands slowly into the air. 8. I watch TV most evenings; in fact I watched for five hours last night. 3. Answer the questions - Is there any difference in articulation of a speech sound in isolation and in connected speech? - What is assimilation? What types of assimilation do you know? - What is reduction? - What is elision? - What is insertion of sounds?