Microwave Engineering

Lab Report # 02

Student’s Name: Muhammad Abdullah Khan

FA18-EEE-081

Class: EEE-7B

Teacher’s Name: Atiq ul Anam

Date: 04-10-2021

Affective Cognitive Psychomotor

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus
 Experiment No # 02
(Power and Phase Velocity of Waves)

Statement of Problem:
Justify whether the phase velocity and power of traveling waves in HF band and UHF
band are equal or not.

Literature Background:
Travelling Wave:
A wave can be described as a disturbance in a medium that travels transferring
momentum and energy without any net motion of the medium. A wave in which the
positions of maximum and minimum amplitude travel through the medium is known as
a travelling wave.

High Frequency (HF):

High frequency (HF) is the ITU-designated range of radio frequency electromagnetic
waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 MHz’s. It is also known as the decameter band or
decameter wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decameters (ten to one
hundred meters).

Ultrahigh Frequency (UHF):

UHF, abbreviation of ultrahigh frequency, conventionally defined portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum, encompassing radiations having a wavelength between 0.1
and 1 m and a frequency between 3,000 and 300 megahertz. UHF signals are used
extensively in television broadcasting.

Task:01
For High Frequency=3MHz
Screenshots:
MATLAB CODE:

Fig:2.1 Time Domain Wave

 Fig:2.2 Space Domain Wave

 In fig 2.1, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and time period is 2.5x10-7s.
 In fig 2.2, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and wavelength is 100m.
Power of Wave:

Now For Frequency=10MHz

Fig:2.3 Time Domain Wave
 Fig:2.4 Space Domain Wave

 In fig 2.1, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and time period is 1x10-7s.
 In fig 2.2, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and wavelength is 30m.
Power of Wave:

Task:02
For Ultra High Frequencies=500MHz
Screenshots:
MATLAB CODE:
Fig:2.5 Space Domain Wave
 Fig:2.6 Space Domain Wave

 In fig 2.1, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and time period is 2x10-9s.
 In fig 2.2, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and wavelength is 0.6m.
Power of Wave:

Now For Frequency=2GHz

Fig:2.7 Space Domain Wave
 Fig:2.8 Space Domain Wave

 In fig 2.1, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and time period is 5x10-10s.
 In fig 2.2, we can see that our amplitude is 81 and wavelength is 0.15m.
Power of Wave:

Table of values:
S.No. Frequency Time Period Wavelength Power in Phase Velocity
‘Hz’ ‘T’ in second ‘λ’ in meter Watt in m/sec
-7
1. 3MHz 3x10 s 100m 3346.1 W 3x108 m/s
2. 10MHz 1x10-7s 30m 3346.1 W 3x108 m/s
3. 500MHz 2x10-9s 0.6m 3346.1 W 3x108 m/s
4. 2GHz 5x10-10s 0.15m 3346.1 W 3x108 m/s

Table :2.1

Questions & Answers:

Question No 1:
Does phase velocity of the wave depend on frequency of the wave?
Answer:
No, the speed of propagation is constant in a given medium only the wavelength changes as the
frequency changes.
Question No 2:
Does power of the wave depend on frequency of the wave?
Answer:
No, the power of a wave depends upon the square of the amplitude per unit length.
Question No 3:
Does photonic energy of the wave (E = h×f, h = Planck’s constant) depends on frequency of
the wave?
Answer:
As we can see from formula,
E=h×f
The photonic energy of the wave directly depends on the frequency of the wave.

Conclusion:
Speed of propagation is constant in a given medium only the wavelength changes as the
frequency changes. The power of a wave depends upon the square of the amplitude per unit
length.