Rigid Diaphragm (Spreadsheet) Page 1 of 11

Rigid Diaphragm (Spreadsheet)

Structural Software and Spreadsheets ›› Halsall Spreadsheets ››

The Rigid Diaphragm spreadsheet can be found here. Please see the help file below which
explains how to use the spreadsheet and a brief summary of its background theory.

Ethos56

RIGID DIAPHRAGM
SPREADSHEET HELP FILE
V1.00

Halsall
12/15/2010

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Summary........3

1 - Project Information........4

2 - Lateral Diaphragm Forces........4

3- Torsion Override........4

4 - Centre of Mass Calculator........4

5 - Diaphragm Extents........5

6 - SFRS Element Centroids........5

7 - SFRS Layout........5

8 - Torsional Sensitivity........5

9 – SFRS Element Lateral Design Forces........5

Orthogonal Shear Calculations........6

1 – Centre of Mass........6

2 – Centre of Rigidity/Stiffness........6

3 – Eccentricity and Torsional Moments........6

4/5 – Lateral Force Distribution for Forces in y/x........7

6 – SFRS Element Lateral Design Forces........7

Torsional Sensitivity........8

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SUMMARY

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Before you begin, make sure that macros are enabled.

1 ­ PROJECT INFORMATION

z Input for the Project Name, Project Number, Floor Number, Date and Designer.

2 ­ LATERAL DIAPHRAGM FORCES

z Input for the lateral diaphragm forces in x and y.

z The spreadsheet will only accept positive values for Vx and Vy.

z Units of measurement are not required for this spreadsheet. The designer can use any units of their choosing,
or use relative values, so long as they are consistent.
{ E.g. if the designer inputs Vx = 100 and Vy = 100, the lateral design force outputs could be interpreted
as a percentage of the lateral diaphragm force.

{ If the designer wished to determine the output forces in kN and diaphragm deflections in meters, they
would need to input all distances in meters, all forces in kN, torsion in kN·m, and stiffness in kN/m.

3­ TORSION OVERRIDE

z The Torsion Override allows the user to manually input a torsion moment to the diaphragm about the centre of
rigidity. The sign of the torsion should be determined using the right hand rule.

z It is important to note that the override torsion is not in addition to the torsion calculated from the lateral
force and eccentricity. The override disables the regular eccentricity and torsion calculations and applies only
the override value.

4 ­ CENTRE OF MASS CALCULATOR

z The centre of mass calculator inputs can be centroids, diaphragm corners, etc. as long as the designer is certain
that the centre of mass will be calculated properly.

z Inputs for weight do not have to be in any units, so long as they are relative to one another.

z Inputs for weight do not have any effect on the calculation of lateral design forces other than for determining
the centre of mass.

z The centre of mass calculator is disabled when the torsion override is on.

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z Warning: If a weight is inputted but the coordinates are left blank, the spreadsheet will treat this as a weight
located at the origin.

5 ­ DIAPHRAGM EXTENTS

z Dnx and Dny should be inputted such that they form a rectangle encompassing the diaphragm.

z The accidental eccentricity ratio can be manually adjusted. The range of allowable input values are between 0
and 1. The default value should be 0.10 (10%). This functionality is disabled when the torsion override is on.

6 ­ SFRS ELEMENT CENTROIDS

z The SFRS No. can be changed for each element to accommodate the designer’s naming convention.

z Input the coordinates such that they correspond with the centroid of the SFRS element.

z The designer must take care that the lateral stiffness’ are all relative to one another and that the stiffness is in
the proper direction.

z For non­orthogonal SFRS elements, the stiffnesses can be broken down into x and y components.

z Warning: If a stiffness is inputted but the coordinates are left blank, the spreadsheet will treat this as an SFRS
element located at the origin.

7 ­ SFRS LAYOUT

z The SFRS Layout shows the locations of each SFRS element, the diaphragm extents, the centre of mass and the
centre of rigidity.

z The calculations for the centres of mass and rigidity can be found on the Orthogonal Shear Calculations sheet.

8 ­ TORSIONAL SENSITIVITY

z The torsional sensitivity is calculated, as per the national building code, on the Torsional Sensitivity sheet.

z Note: if the designer is using relative values for the inputs, the deflections calculated on the Torsional
Sensitivity sheet should not be used; however the B­values are still calculated correctly.

9 – SFRS ELEMENT LATERAL FORCES

z This section shows the lateral force distribution to each SFRS element broken down into x and y components.

z The Vx and Vy columns show the force distribution due to earthquake loads in x and y respectively.

z Note that these are absolute values.

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ORTHOGONAL SHEAR CALCULATIONS

1 – CENTRE OF MASS

z The centre of mass is calculated as follows:

2 – CENTRE OF RIGIDITY/STIFFNESS

z The centre of rigidity is calculated as follows:

3 – ECCENTRICITY AND TORSIONAL MOMENTS

z The natural eccentricity is calculated such that the calculated torsion will be positive according to the right
hand rule.

z The natural torsional moments are calculated as follows:

z The accidental eccentricities and torsional moments are calculated as in OBC 4.1.8.11.10(a).

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4/5 – LATERAL FORCE DISTRIBUTION FOR FORCES IN Y/X

z The following diagram shows the layout of an SFRS element with respect to the centre of mass and centre of

rigidity.

z Fy is the lateral force distributed to the SFRS element.

z dy and dx are calculated such that the torsional component of Fy has the proper sign convention:

z Fy is the sum of the lateral force due to direct shear and the lateral force due to torsion:

z The lateral force due to direct shear is:

z The lateral force due to torsion is:

where

z The spreadsheet will calculate the force in each element due to torsion for three eccentricity cases: Natural,
Natural + Accidental and Natural – Accidental.

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6 – SFRS ELEMENT LATERAL FORCES

z Same as on Summary Sheet.

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TORSIONAL SENSITIVITY

z In order to determine the torsional sensitivity, the deflections at each edge of the diaphragm are calculated.
Each deflection is calculated as the sum of the deflection due to shear and the deflection due to torsion.

z The deflections are calculated in x and y for each of the natural and accidental torsion cases.

z Note that if the values inputted by the user are not real, the calculated deflections will not be usable. However
the torsional sensitivities will still be correct.

z The deflection due to direct shear is calculated as follows:

z The following diagrams displays how the deflections due to torsion are calculated for the rigid diaphragm:

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z Δy and Δx are the deflections of any SFRS element in y and x directions respectively.
z By expanding Fy we can solve for tan(θy):

z Once tan(θy) is known, we can solve for Δy1 and Δy2:

z The solution for Δx1 and Δx2 is similar:

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z The torsional sensitivity is calculated as stated in OBC 4.1.8.11.9:

Copyright © 2012, Halsall Associates.

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