APPENDIX

Extracts from B.S. 308 Engineering Drawing Practice

4.2 Types of line and their applications

4.2.1 Two thicknesses of lines are recommended; Table 2 shows their applications, thicknesses and
proportions.

Table 2. Types of line

Line
Example (letters refer to Fig. 6) Type of line width Example of application

A Continuous mm
(thick) 0.7 Visible outlines and edges

B Continuous 0.3 Fictitious outlines and edges

(thin) Dimension and leader lines
Hatching
Outlines of adjacent parts

-----------
Outlines of revolved sections

C Continuous 0.3 Limits of partial views or

irregular sections when the line is
(thin) not an axis

D ------------------ Short dashes 0.3

(thin)
Hidden outlines and edges

E - - Chain (thin) 0.3 Centre lines

Extreme positions of
moveable parts

F Chain (thick 0.7 Cutting planes

---- - - at ends and
at changes
of direction,
thin
elsewhere) 0.3

G
- - Chain
(thick)
0.7 Indication of surfaces which
have to meet special
requirements

4.2.2 Dashed lines. Dashed lines should comprise dashes of consistent length and spacing, approximately
to the proportion shown in the examples in the table.
4.2.3 Thin chain lines. Thin chain lines should comprise long dashes alternating with short dashes. The
proportions should be generally as shown in the table but the lengths and spacing may be increased for
very long lines.
4.2.4 Thick chain lines. The lengths and spacing of the elements of thick chain lines should be similar to
those of thin chain lines.
4.2.5 General. All chain lines should start and finish with a long dash and when thin chain lines are used
as centre lines they should cross one another at solid portions of the line. Centre lines should extend only a
short distance beyond the feature unless required for dimensioning or other purposes. They should not
extend through the spaces between views and should not terminate at another line of the drawing. Where
angles are formed in chain lines, long dashes should meet at corners. Arcs should join at tangent points.
Dashed lines should also meet at corners and tangent points with dashes.

55
9. Conventional representation

9.1 Common features

Conventional representation is adopted in cases where complete delineation of the part would involve un-
necessary drawing time or space. Typical examples are shown below and opposite.
Where the conventional representation given is not considered adequate, a more detailed view may be shown.
On the other hand a more simplified diagrammatic representation may be used for certain parts such as springs

TITLE SUBJECT CONVENTION

EXTERNAL
SCREW THREADS
(DETAIL)
(---[-- -E---~
---_ .. - _._----

INTERNAL
SCREW THREADS
(DETAIL)

SCREW THREADS
(ASSEMBLY)

THREAD
INSERTS

SPLINED
SHAFTS

SERRATED
SHAFTS

Conventional representation of common features

56
 TITLE SUBJECT CONVENTION DIAGRAMMATIC
REPRESENTATION

CYLINDRICAL
COMPR ESSION m
~
SPRING

CONICAL !~\
COMPRESSION
SPRING il--L]
~ I

CYLINDRICAL
TENSION
SPRING

DOUBLE-CONICAL
TENSION
SPRING

CYLINDRICAL
TORSION
SPRING

~- I

Conventional representation of common features

57
 Further recognized abbreviations are listed in other British Standards.
General engineering terms
Term Abbreviation or symbol
Across fiats A/F
Assembly. ASSY
Centres CRS
Centre line «- or CL
Chamfered CHAM
Cheese head . CHHD
Countersunk CSK
Countersunk head CSKHD
Counterbore C'BORE
Cylinder or cylindrical . CYL
Diameter (in a note) DIA
Diameter (preceding a dimension). (2)
Drawing. DRG
External. EXT
Figure FIG.
Hexagon. HEX
Hexagon head HEXHD
Hydraulic HYD
Insulated or insulation . INSUL
Internal INT
Left hand LH
Long LG
Material MATL
Maximum MAX
Minimum MIN
Number. NO.
Pattern number . PATTNO.
Pitch circle diameter PCD
Pneumatic PNEU
Radius (preceding a dimension,
capital letter only) R
Required REQD
Right hand RH
Round head. RDHD
Screwed SCR
Sheet SH
Sketch SK
Specification SPEC
Spherical diameter (preceding a
dimension) SPHERE 0
Spherical radius (preceding a
dimension) SPHERE R
Spotface S'FACE
Square (in a note) SQ
Square (preceding a dimension) 0
Standard STD
Undercut U'CUT
Volume VOL
Weight WT
Maximum material condition . MMC or CM)
Full indicated movement FlM
Taper, on diameter or width
~
58